List of former European colonies

North America

Britain

British America

"Thirteen Colonies"

New England Colonies:

Province of Massachusetts Bay

Province of New Hampshire

Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations

Connecticut Colony

Province of New York

Province of New Jersey

Province of Pennsylvania

Delaware Colony

Province of Maryland

Colony of Virginia

Province of North Carolina

Province of South Carolina

Province of Georgia

Canadian colonies

Province of Quebec

Province of Nova Scotia

Island of St. John

Colony of Newfoundland

Rupert's Land (A private estate stretching from the Atlantic to the Rocky Mountains, and from the prairies to the Arctic Circle.)

Other North American colonies

Province of East Florida

Province of West Florida

Indian Reserve

Oregon Country (disputed with France)

Bermuda

British Honduras

Mosquito Coast

Denmark

Greenland

Norway

France

New France

Newfoundland

Île-Royale (Cape Breton Island)

Saint-Domingue (Haiti)

Netherlands

New Netherlands (Nieuw-Amsterdam / New York)

Norway

Greenland

Vinland

Portugal

Claim to Labrador

Settlement in Terra Nova (Newfoundland)

Russia

Russian America

Fort Ross

Spain

Viceroyalty of New Spain (1535–1821)

Las Californias

Nuevo Reino de León

Nuevo Santander

Nueva Vizcaya

Santa Fe de Nuevo México

Nueva Extremadura

Nueva Galicia

Captaincy General of Cuba

Puerto Rico

Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic)

Captaincy General of Guatemala

Costa Rica

El Salvador

East Florida and West Florida

Settlement at Nootka, near Vancouver Island, Canada

Sweden

New Sweden (Nya Sverige)

West Indies and the Caribbean

Brandenburg

St Thomas

Britain

Bahamas

Barbados

Jamaica

Leeward Islands

Antigua and Barbuda

Dominica

Saint Christopher (St Kitts)-Nevis

Windward Islands

Grenada

Saint Lucia

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Courland

New Courland (Tobago)

Denmark-Norway

Saint John

Saint Thomas

Saint Croix

France

Anguilla

Antigua and Barbuda

Dominica

Grenada

Haiti

Montserrat

Saint Barthélemy

Nevis

Saint Christophe (St Kitts)

Saint Croix

Saint-Domingue (Haiti)

Sainte-Lucia (St Lucia)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Sint Eustatius

Tobago

Knights of Malta

Saint-Barthélemy

Saint Christopher (St Kitts)

Saint Croix

Tortuga (off coast of Haiti)

Netherlands

Anegada

New Walcheren (Tobago)

Saint Croix

Tortola

Virgin Gorda

Portugal

Barbados

Spain

Bahamas

Cuba

Island of Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic)

Jamaica

Puerto Rico

Trinidad

Sweden

Guadeloupe

Saint-Barthélemy

South America

Britain

British Guiana

Berbice, Essequibo, Demerara

Falkland Islands

South Georgia

South Sandwich Islands

France

Brazil (Rio de Janeiro briefly, and São Luís briefly)

(see France Antarctique and France Équinoxiale)

Iles Malouines (Falkland Islands)

French Guiana

Netherlands

Berbice (Guyana)

Demerara

Surinam (Suriname)

Essequibo

New Holland (Brazil – Half the capitanas)

Spain

Argentina

Bolivia

Chile

Colombia

Ecuador

Paraguay

Panama (formerly a part of Colombia)

Peru

Uruguay

Venezuela

Portugal

Brazil

Cisplatina (Uruguay)

French Guiana

Africa

Belgium

Belgian Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Lado Enclave

Ruanda-Urundi (Rwanda and Burundi)

Brandenburg

Arguin (in Mauritania)

Brandenburger Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)

Britain

Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Sudan)

Basutoland (Lesotho)

Bechuanaland (Botswana)

British East Africa (Kenya)

British Somaliland (northern Somalia)

British Togoland (eastern Ghana)

British Cameroons (split between Nigeria and Cameroon)

British Egypt

Khedivate of Egypt

Sultanate of Egypt

Kingdom of Egypt

Gambia Colony and Protectorate

Gold Coast (Ghana)

Colonial Nigeria

Niger Coast Protectorate

Northern Nigeria Protectorate

Southern Nigeria Protectorate

Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria

Northern Rhodesia (Zambia)

Nyasaland (Malawi)

Sierra Leone

South Africa

British Cape Colony

Colony of Natal

Orange Free State

Transvaal Colony

South-West Africa (Namibia)

Walvis Bay

Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)

Swaziland

Tanganyika Territory (mainland Tanzania)

Uganda Protectorate

Sultanate of Zanzibar (insular Tanzania)

Courland

St. Andrews Island (in Gambia)

Denmark-Norway

Danish Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)

France

Albreda (in Gambia)

Dahomey (Benin)

French Algeria

French Cameroons (91% of modern Cameroon)

French Chad

French Congo (Republic of Congo)

French Guinea (Guinea)

French Upper Volta (Republic of Upper Volta, Burkina Faso)

French Somaliland (Djibouti)

French Sudan (Mali)

French Togoland (Togo)

Gabon

Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)

Malagasy Protectorate

Colonial Mauritania

French protectorate in Morocco (89% of Morocco)

Niger

Oubangui-Chari (Central African Republic)

Senegambia and Niger

Upper Senegal and Niger

Colony of Niger

French protectorate of Tunisia

Germany

German East Africa (Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania)

German South-West Africa (Namibia)

Kamerun (split between Cameroon and Nigeria)

Togoland (split between Togo and Ghana)

Wituland

Italy

Italian East Africa

Italian Eritrea

Italian Libya

Italian Somaliland

Netherlands

Arguin Island (in Mauritania)

Dutch Cape Colony

Dutch Gold Coast (settlements along coast of Ghana, including El Mina)

Dutch Loango-Angola (Luanda, Sonyo and Cabinda)

Gorée (Senegal)

Moçambique (Delagoa Bay)

São Tomé

Portugal

Ajuda (Whydah, in Benin)

Angola

Annobon

Cabinda

Cape Verde

Ceuta

Gorée (in Senegal)

Malindi

Mombasa

Algarve Ultramar (Morocco)

Agadir

Alcacer Ceguer

Arzila

Azamor

Mazagan

Mogador

Safim

Nigeria (Lagos area)

Mozambique

Portuguese Gold Coast (settlements along coast of Ghana)

Portuguese Guinea (Guinea-Bissau)

Quíloa

São Tomé and Príncipe

Tangier

Zanzibar

Ziguinchor

Spain

Bona

Bougie

Jerba

Fernando Po and Annobon (insular Equatorial Guinea)

Oran

Port Guinea

Rio Muni (mainland Equatorial Guinea)

Spanish North Africa

Spanish Protectorate in Morocco

Ceuta

Melilla

Spanish West Africa

Río de Oro

Saguia el-Hamra

Tarfaya Strip

Ifni

Sweden

Swedish Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)

United States

Liberia

Indian Ocean

France

French Comoros

Isle de France (now Mauritius)

French Madagascar

French Seychelles

Netherlands

Dutch Mauritius (now Mauritius)

Portugal

Laccadive Islands (Lakshadweep)

Maldive Islands

Socotra

Middle East

Britain

Aden Protectorate

Bahrain

History of Egypt under the British

Mandatory Iraq

Sheikhdom of Kuwait

Muscat and Oman

Mandatory Palestine

Qatar

South Arabia

Emirate of Transjordan

Trucial States

France

French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon

Yemen (Cheik-Saïd peninsula)

Netherlands

Jemen, Al Mukha (Mocca)

Mesopotamia (Iraq, Al Basrah)

Portugal

Bandar Abbas

Hormuz

Manama

Muharraq Island

Muscat

Qeshm

Russia

Russian Armenia

Russian Azerbaijan

Georgia within the Russian Empire

Indian Subcontinent

Austria

Nicobar Islands

Britain

British India (After independence from Britain,` British India became Pakistan (East and West) and India – later East Pakistan was to become Bangladesh)

Bangladesh

India

Pakistan

Burma (Myanmar)

Ceylon (Sri Lanka)

Denmark-Norway

Frederik Oerne Islands (Nicobar Islands)

Serampore

Tranquebar

France

India

Pondicherry, Karikal, Yanaon, Mahé, and Chandernagore

Netherlands

Bangladesh (Dutch Bengal)

Burma (Myanmar) (Mrohaung (Arakan), Siriangh, Syriam, Ava, Martaban)

Ceylon

India (Dutch Bengal, Suratte, Malabar, Coromandel)

Portugal

Bombay

Calicut

Cambay

Cannanore

Ceylon (Cilão)

Chaul

Chittagong

Cochin

Dadra and Nagar Haveli

Daman and Diu

Goa

Hughli

Masulipatnam

Mangalore

Surat

Syriam

Asia-Pacific

United Kingdom

Australia

New South Wales

Queensland

South Australia

Swan River Colony/Western Australia

Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania)

Victoria

British Solomon Islands

British Western Pacific Territories

Brunei

Colonial Fiji

Gilbert and Ellice Islands (Kiribati & Tuvalu)

Kingdom of Rarotonga (Cook Islands)

New Zealand

Auckland Islands

New Hebrides

Niue

Malaysia

British Malaya

Federated Malay States

Straits Settlements

Unfederated Malay States

British Borneo

North Borneo

Kingdom of Sarawak

Nauru

Singapore

Territory of Papua and New Guinea

Territory of New Guinea

Western Samoa

Phoenix Islands (part of Kiribati)

Solomon Islands

Territory of Papua

Tokelau

Tonga

Hong Kong

New Hebrides (Vanuatu, condominium with France)

Belgium

Tientsin (concession territory)

France

East Asia

Kwang-Chou-Wan (廣州灣) leased territory, now the city of Zhanjiang (Guangdong province)

French settlements (concessions) in Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin, and Hankou

French zone of influence officially recognized by China over the provinces of Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, and Guangdong

Indochina

Cambodia

Laos

Vietnam

Annam

Cochinchina

Tonkin

New Hebrides (Vanuatu, condominium with Britain)

Germany

Bismarck Archipelago

Caroline Islands (Karolinen)

German Samoa

Jiaozhou Bay (Kiautschou)

Kaiser-Wilhelmsland

Marshall Islands

Nauru

North Solomon Islands

Northern Marianas Islands (Marianen)

Palau

Netherlands

Dutch East Indies (Indonesia)

Malacca

Taiwan (Tayowan)

Portugal

Flores

Macau

Malacca

Moluccas

Ambon

Ternate

Tidore

Portuguese Timor (Timor-Leste)

Russia

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Tajikistan

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

Spain

Spanish East Indies

Philippines

Marianas Islands (Ladrones)

Guam

Northern Marianas Islands

Caroline Islands

Marshall Islands

Europe

Austria

Austrian Netherlands

Saarland or Saar (protectorate)

Britain

Corsica (the Anglo-Corsican Kingdom was a protectorate or in personal union with Britain)

Cyprus

Heligoland

Ionian islands

Ireland (Originally as the Lordship of Ireland)

Malta

Minorca

Denmark

Danish Estonia

Iceland

Greece

Magna Graecia

Italy

Albania

Dodecanese

Sazan Island

Norway

Faroe Islands

Hebrides

Iceland

Isle of Man

Orkney

Shetland

Russia

Belarus

Finland

Estonia

Latvia

Lithuania

Moldova

Ukraine

Poland

Spain

Spanish Netherlands

Sweden

Swedish Estonia

Swedish Ingria

Swedish Livonia

Swedish Pomerania