Tathāgata — meaning "Thus Come One" and "Thus Gone One" simultaneously, the epithet the Buddha uses most often to refer to himself; occasionally it is used as a general designation for a person who has reached the highest attainmentBuddha's BirthdayThe Four Sights — observations that affected Prince Siddhartha deeply and made him realize the sufferings of all beings, and compelled him to begin his spiritual journeyAn old manA sick manA dead manAn asceticQualities of the BuddhaAbandonment of all defilements (kilesa — principally greed, hatred and delusion) together with their residual impressions (vasana)All defilements have been abandoned totally — all defilements have been destroyed with none remainingAll defilements have been abandoned completely — each defilement has been destroyed at the root, without residueAll defilements have been abandoned finally — no defilement can ever arise again in the futureAcquisition of all virtuesGreat Wisdom (Mahapaññā)Extensiveness of range — understanding the totality of existent phenomenaProfundity of view — understanding the precise mode of existence of each phenomenonGreat Compassion (Maha-karuṇā)Physical characteristics of the BuddhaBuddha footprintBuddha statue (Buddharupa)Iconography of Gautama Buddha in Laos and ThailandDepictions of Gautama Buddha in filmMiracles of Gautama BuddhaList of places where Gautama Buddha stayedColours of Buddha's aura (prabashvara)Sapphire blue (nila)Golden yellow (pita)Crimson (lohita)White (odata)Scarlet (manjesta)Family of Gautama BuddhaŚuddhodana (father)Māyā (mother)Yasodharā (wife)Rāhula (son)Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī (foster mother)Nanda (half-brother)Ānanda (cousin)Anuruddha (cousin)Devadatta (cousin)Teachers of the Bodhisatta GotamaĀḷāra Kālāma — taught Gautama the Jhanic Stage of nothingnessUddaka Rāmaputta — taught Gautama the Jhanic Stage of neither perception nor non-perceptionGautama Buddha in world religionsGautama Buddha in HinduismTheravada — literally, "the Teaching of the Elders" or "the Ancient Teaching", it is the oldest surviving Buddhist school. It was founded in India. It is relatively conservative, and generally closer to early Buddhism, and for many centuries has been the predominant religion of Sri Lanka (now about 70% of the population) and most of continental Southeast Asia.
Bangladesh:Sangharaj NikayaMahasthabir NikayaBurma:Thudhamma NikayaVipassana tradition of Mahasi SayadawShwekyin NikayaDvaya Nikaya or Dvara NikayaCambodiaLaosSri Lanka:Siam NikayaAmarapura NikayaRamañña NikayaThailand:Maha NikayaDhammakaya MovementThammayut NikayaThai Forest TraditionTradition of Ajahn ChahMahayana — literally the "Great Vehicle", it is the largest school of Buddhism, and originated in India. The term is also used for classification of Buddhist philosophies and practice. According to the teachings of Mahāyāna traditions, "Mahāyāna" also refers to the path of seeking complete enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings, also called "Bodhisattvayāna", or the "Bodhisattva Vehicle."
MadhyamakaPrāsangikaSvatantrikaSanlun (Three Treatise school)SanronMaha-Madhyamaka (Jonangpa)YogācāraCittamatra in TibetWei-Shi (Consciousness-only school) or Faxiang (Dharma-character school)BeopsangHossōTathagatagarbhaDaśabhūmikā (absorbed into Huayan)Huayan (Avataṃsaka)HwaeomKegonChán / Zen / Seon / ThienCaodongSōtōKeizan lineJakuen lineGiin lineLinjiRinzaiŌbakuFukeWon Buddhism: Korean Reformed BuddhismPure Land (Amidism)Jodo ShuJodo ShinshuTiantai (Lotus Sutra School)CheontaeTendai (also contains Vajrayana elements)NichirenNichiren ShūNichiren ShōshūNipponzan MyōhōjiSoka GakkaiTibetan BuddhismNyingmaNew Bön (synthesis of Yungdrung Bön and Nyingmapa)KadamSakyaNgor-paTsar-paJonangGelugKagyu:Shangpa KagyuMarpa Kagyu:Rechung KagyuDagpo Kagyu:Karma Kagyu (or Kamtshang Kagyu)Tsalpa KagyuBaram KagyuPagtru Kagyu (or Phagmo Drugpa Kagyu):Taglung KagyuTrophu KagyuDrukpa KagyuMartsang KagyuYerpa KagyuYazang KagyuShugseb KagyuDrikung KagyuRime movement (ecumenical movement)Japanese MikkyoShingonTendai (derived from Tiantai but added tantric practices)MahāsaṃghikaEkavyahārikas (during Aśoka)LokottaravādaGolulaka (during Aśoka)Bahuśrutīya (late third century BCE)Prajñaptivāda (late third century BCE)Caitika (mid-first century BCE)Apara ŚailaUttara ŚailaCetiyavādaSthaviravādaPudgalavāda ('Personalist') (c. 280 BCE)Vatsīputrīya (during Aśoka) later name: SaṃmitīyaDharmottarīyaBhadrayānīyaSannāgarikaVibhajjavāda (prior to 240 BCE; during Aśoka)Theravāda (c. 240 BCE)Mahīśāsaka (after 232 BCE)Dharmaguptaka (after 232 BCE)Sarvāstivāda (c. 237 BCE)Kāśyapīya (after 232 BCE)Sautrāntika (between 50 BCE and c. 100 CE)Mūlasarvāstivāda (3rd and 4th centuries)VaibhashikaHumanistic BuddhismSōka GakkaiVipassana movementNew Kadampa TraditionFriends of the Western Buddhist OrderFo Guang ShanBuddhism by countryBuddhism in the EastBuddhism in South AsiaTamil BuddhismBuddhism in Central AsiaBuddhism in Southeast AsiaEast Asian BuddhismBuddhism in the Middle EastBuddhism in the WestBuddhism in the AmericasBuddhism in Central AmericaBuddhism in AustraliaBuddhism in EuropeBuddhism in AfricaPāli Canon (Tipitaka)Vinaya Pitaka — Basket of DisciplineSuttavibhangaPatimokkha — Buddhist Monastic CodeKhandhakaMahāvaggaCullavaggaParivaraSutta Pitaka — Basket of DiscoursesDigha Nikaya — the Long DiscoursesBrahmajala Sutta — Discourse on the Net of Perfect WisdomSamaññaphala Sutta — The Fruit of Contemplative Life DiscourseKevatta SuttaMahaparinibbana Sutta — The Last Days of the BuddhaMahasatipatthana Sutta — The Great Discourse on the Foundations of MindfulnessAggañña SuttaSigalovada SuttaMajjhima Nikaya — the Middle-length DiscoursesSammaditthi Sutta — Discourse on Right ViewSatipatthana Sutta — The Discourse on the Foundations of MindfulnessAggi-Vacchagotta SuttaAnapanasati Sutta — Discourse on Mindfulness of BreathingSamyutta Nikaya — the Connected DiscoursesDhammacakkappavattana Sutta — Setting Rolling the Wheel of Truth (Buddha's first discourse)Anattalakkhana Sutta — The Nonself Characteristic (Buddha's second discourse)Fire Sermon — Buddha's third discourseAnguttara Nikaya — the Numerical DiscoursesDighajanu SuttaDona SuttaKalama SuttaUpajjhatthana Sutta — Subjects for ContemplationKhuddaka Nikaya — the Minor CollectionKhuddakapathaMangala SuttaRatana SuttaKaraṇīya Mettā Sutta — The Hymn of Universal LoveDhammapada — The Path of TruthUdana — Inspired utterancesItivuttakaSuttanipataUraga VaggaRhinoceros Horn SutraMetta SuttaCula VaggaRatana SuttaMangala SuttaDhammika SuttaMaha VaggaAtthaka VaggaParayana VaggaVimanavatthuPetavatthuTheragatha — Verses of the Elder MonksTherigatha — Verses of the Elder NunsJataka tales — Buddha's former livesNiddesaPatisambhidamagga — Path of discriminationApadanaBuddhavamsaCariyapitakaNettipakaranaPetakopadesaMilindapanhaAbhidhamma Pitaka — Basket of Ultimate DoctrineDhammasanganiVibhangaDhatukathaPuggalapannattiKathavatthuYamakaPatthanaAnupitaka — non-canonical or extra-canonical Pāli literatureParacanonical textsCommentaries — commentaries on the TipitakaSubcommentaries — commentaries on the commentaries on the TipitakaVisuddhimagga — The Path of Purification, considered the most important Theravada text outside of the Tipitaka canon of scripturesVimuttimagga — The Path of Freedom, manual of meditationAbhidhammattha Sangaha — A Comprehensive Manual of AbhidhammaMahayana sutrasAngulimaliya SutraBrahmajala SutraInnumerable Meanings SutraLalitavistara SutraLankavatara SutraLotus SutraPerfection of Wisdom sutras (Prajñāpāramitā)Diamond SutraHeart SutraTen Stages SutraVimalakirti-nirdesa SutraSutra of Perfect EnlightenmentPlatform SutraAmitabha SutraAvatamsaka SutraContemplation SutraInfinite Life SutraMahaparinirvana SutraMahasamnipata SutraSanghata SutraShurangama SutraSutra of Forty-Two SectionsSutra of Golden LightSutra of The Great Vows of Ksitigarbha BodhisattvaUllambana SutraĀgamasChinese Buddhist canonTripitaka KoreanaTibetan Buddhist canonKangyurTengyurTimeline of BuddhismEarly BuddhismPre-sectarian BuddhismBuddhist councilsFirst Buddhist councilSecond Buddhist councilThird Buddhist councilFourth Buddhist councilFifth Buddhist councilSixth Buddhist councilWorld Buddhist Forum, 2006Silk Road transmission of BuddhismHistory of Buddhism in IndiaDecline of Buddhism in IndiaGreco-BuddhismBuddhism and the Roman worldBuddhist crisisBuddha — Gautama Buddha, the Blessed One, the Awakened One, the TeacherAccomplished (arahaṃ • arhat)Fully enlightened (sammā-sambuddho • samyak-saṃbuddha)Perfect in true knowledge and conduct (vijjā-caraṇa sampanno • vidyā-caraṇa-saṃpanna)Sublime (sugato • sugata)Knower of the world (lokavidū • loka-vid)Incomparable leader of persons to be tamed (anuttaro purisa-damma-sārathi • puruṣa-damya-sārathi)Teacher of gods and humans (satthā deva-manussānaṃ • śāsta deva-manuṣyāṇaṃ)The Enlightened One (buddho)The Blessed One (bhagavā • bhagavat)Dhamma (Dharma) — the cosmic principle of truth, lawfulness, and virtue discovered, fathomed, and taught by the Buddha; the Buddha's teaching as an expression of that principle; the teaching that leads to enlightenment and liberationWell expounded by the Blessed One (svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo • svākhyāta)Directly visible (sandiṭṭhiko • sāṃdṛṣṭika)Immediate (akāliko • akālika)Inviting one to come and see (ehi-passiko • ehipaśyika)Worthy of application (opanayiko • avapraṇayika)To be personally experienced by the wise (paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhi • pratyātmaṃ veditavyo vijñaiḥ)Saṅgha (Saṃgha) — the spiritual community, which is twofold (1) the monastic Saṅgha, the order of monks and nuns; and (2) the noble Saṅgha, the spiritual community of noble disciples who have reached the stages of world-transcending realizationPracticing the good way (supaṭipanno bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho)Practicing the straight way (ujupaṭipanno bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho)Practicing the true way (ñāyapaṭipanno bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho)Practicing the proper way (sāmīcipaṭipanno bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho)Worthy of gifts (āhuṇeyyo)Worthy of hospitality (pāhuṇeyyo)Worthy of offerings (dakkhiṇeyyo)Worthy of reverential salutation (añjalikaraṇīyo)The unsurpassed field of merit for the world (anuttaraṃ puññākkhettaṃ lokassā)Suffering (dukkha • duḥkha) — to be fully understood (pariññeyya)Dukkha as intrinsic suffering, as bodily or mental pain (dukkha-dukkha)birth (jāti)old age (jarā)illness (byādhi)death (maraṇa)sorrow (soka)lamentation (parideva)pain (dukkha)grief (domanassa)despair (upāyāsā)Dukkha due to change (vipariṇāma-dukkha)Association with the unpleasant (appiyehi sampayogo)Separation from the pleasant (piyehi vippayogo)Not to get what one wants (yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi)Dukkha of conditioned formations (saṅkhāra-dukkha)Five aggregates of clinging (pañcupādānakkhandha)material form (rūpa)feeling (vedanā)perception (saññā • samjñā)mental formations (saṅkhāra • samskāra)consciousness (viññāṇa • vijñāna)Craving (taṇhā • tṛṣṇā) (samudaya) — to be abandoned (pahātabba)Craving for sensual pleasures (kāma taṇhā)Craving for existence (bhava taṇhā)Craving for non-existence (vibhava taṇhā)Nirvana (Nibbāna • Nirvāṇa) (nirodha) — to be realized (sacchikātabba)Nibbāna element with residue remaining (sa-upādisesa nibbānadhātu • sopadhiśeṣa-nirvāṇa)Nibbāna element with no residue remaining (anupādisesa nibbānadhātu • nir-upadhiśeṣa-nirvāṇa) — Parinirvana (parinibbāna • parinirvāṇa)Noble Eightfold Path (Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo • Ārya 'ṣṭāṅga mārgaḥ) — to be developed (bhāvetabba)Right viewRight intentionRight speechRight actionRight livelihoodRight effortRight mindfulnessRight concentrationImpermanence (anicca • anitya)Suffering (dukkha • duḥkha)Nonself (anattā • anātman)Five Aggregates (Pañca khandha • Pañca-skandha)
Form (rūpa)Four Great Elements (mahābhūta)Earth element (paṭhavī-dhātu)Water (or liquid) element (āpo-dhātu)Fire (or heat) element (tejo-dhātu)Air (or wind) element (vāyo-dhātu)Feeling (vedanā)Pleasant feeling (sukha)Painful feeling (dukkha • duḥkha)Neither-painful-nor-pleasant (neutral) feeling (adukkham-asukhā)Perception (saññā • samjñā)Mental formations (saṅkhāra • samskāra) — see belowConsciousness (viññāṇa • vijñāna)Former life
Ignorance (avijjā • avidyā)Not knowing sufferingNot knowing the origin of sufferingNot knowing the cessation of sufferingNot knowing the way leading to the cessation of sufferingVolitional formations (saṅkhāra • saṃskāra)Bodily formationVerbal formationMental formationCurrent life
Consciousness (viññāṇa • vijñāna)Eye-consciousnessEar-consciousnessNose-consciousnessTongue-consciousnessBody-consciousnessMind-consciousnessName and form (nāmarūpa)Name (nāma)Feeling (vedanā)Perception (saññā • samjñā)Volition (cetanā)Contact (phassa)Attention (manasikāra)Form (rūpa)Four Great ElementsEarth — solidityWater — fluidityFire — heatWind — oscillationSix sense bases (saḷāyatana • ṣaḍāyatana)Eye-baseEar-baseNose-baseTongue-baseBody-baseMind-baseContact (phassa • sparśa)Eye-contactEar-contactNose-contactTongue-contactBody-contactMind-contactFeeling (vedanā)Feeling born of eye-contactFeeling born of ear-contactFeeling born of nose-contactFeeling born of tongue-contactFeeling born of body-contactFeeling born of mind-contactCraving (taṇhā • tṛṣṇā)Craving for formsCraving for soundsCraving for odorsCraving for flavorsCraving for tangiblesCraving for mind-objectsClinging (upādāna)Clinging to sensual pleasures (kāmupādāna)Clinging to views (diṭṭhupādāna)Clinging to rituals and observances (sīlabbatupādāna)Clinging to a doctrine of self (attavādupādāna)Becoming (bhava)Sense-sphere becomingFine-material becomingImmaterial becomingFuture life
Birth (jāti)Old age and death (jarāmaraṇa)Suffering (dukkha • duḥkha)Faith (saddhā • śraddhā)Joy (pāmojja)Rapture (pīti • prīti)Tranquillity (passaddhi)Happiness (sukha)Concentration (samādhi)Knowledge and vision of things as they really are (yathābhūta-ñāna-dassana)Disenchantment with worldly life (nibbidā)Dispassion (virāga)Freedom (vimutti)Knowledge of destruction of the taints (āsava-khaye-ñāna)Definition — volitional action, considered particularly as a moral force capable of producing, for the agent, results that correspond to the ethical quality of the action; thus good karma produces happiness, and bad karma produces sufferingResult of karma (vipāka)Intention (cetanā)Wholesome intention (kusala)Unwholesome intention (akusala)Three doors of action (kammadvara)Body — Bodily actsSpeech — Verbal actsMind — Mental actsRoots (mula)UnwholesomeGreed (lobha • raga)Hatred (dosa • dvesha)Delusion (moha)WholesomeNongreed (alobha) — renunciation, detachment, generosityNonhatred (adosa) — loving-kindness, sympathy, gentlenessNondelusion (amoha) — wisdomCourses of action (kammapatha)UnwholesomeBodilyDestroying lifeTaking what is not givenWrong conduct in regard to sense pleasuresVerbalFalse speechSlanderous speechHarsh speechIdle chatterMentalCovetousnessIll willWrong viewWholesomeBodilyAbstaining from destroying lifeAbstaining from taking what is not givenAbstaining from wrong conduct in regard to sense pleasuresVerbalAbstaining from false speechAbstaining from slanderous speechAbstaining from harsh speechAbstaining from idle chatterMentalBeing free from covetousnessBeing free from ill willHolding right viewFunctionReproductive kamma (janaka kamma) — that which produces mental aggregates and material aggregates at the moment of conceptionSupportive kamma (upatthambhaka kamma) — that which comes near the Reproductive Kamma and supports itObstructive kamma (upapiḍaka kamma) — that which tends to weaken, interrupt and retard the fruition of the Reproductive KammaDestructive kamma (upaghātaka kamma) — that which not only obstructs but also destroys the whole force of the Reproductive KammaOrder to take effectWeighty kamma (garuka kamma) — that which produces its results in this life or in the next for certainFive heinous crimes, causing rebirth in hell immediately after death (ānantarika-kamma)Intentionally killing one's father (patricide)Intentionally killing one's mother (matricide)Intentionally killing an arahantMaliciously causing blood to flow from the body of a BuddhaCreating a schism in the sanghaProximate kamma (āsanna kamma) — that which one does or remembers immediately before the dying momentHabitual kamma (āciṇṇa kamma) — that which one habitually performs and recollects and for which one has a great likingReserve kamma (kaṭattā kamma) — refers to all actions that are done once and soon forgottenTime of taking effectImmediately effective kamma (diţţhadhammavedaniya kamma)Subsequently effective kamma (upapajjavedaniya kamma)Indefinitely effective kamma (aṗarāpariyavedaniya kamma)Defunct kamma (ahosi kamma)Place of taking effectImmoral (akusala) kamma pertaining to the sense-sphere (kamavacara)Moral (kusala) kamma pertaining to the sense-sphere (kamavacara)Moral kamma pertaining to the form-sphere (rupavacara)Moral kamma pertaining to the formless-sphere (arupavacara)Niyama DhammasUtu Niyama — Physical Inorganic Order (seasonal changes and climate), the natural law pertaining to physical objects and changes in the natural environment, such as the weather; the way flowers bloom in the day and fold up at night; the way soil, water and nutrients help a tree to grow; and the way things disintegrate and decompose. This perspective emphasizes the changes brought about by heat or temperatureBīja Niyama — Physical Organic Order (laws of heredity), the natural law pertaining to heredity, which is best described in the adage, “as the seed, so the fruit”Citta Niyama — Order of Mind and Psychic Law (will of mind), the natural law pertaining to the workings of the mind, the process of cognition of sense objects and the mental reactions to themKamma Niyama — Order of Acts and Results (consequences of one's actions), the natural law pertaining to human behavior, the process of the generation of action and its results. In essence, this is summarized in the words, “good deeds bring good results, bad deeds bring bad results”Dhamma Niyama — Order of the Norm (nature's tendency to produce a perfect type), the natural law governing the relationship and interdependence of all things: the way all things arise, exist and then cease. All conditions are subject to change, are in a state of affliction and are not self: this is the NormSaṃsāra — Lit., the "wandering," the round of rebirths without discoverable beginning, sustained by ignorance and cravingSix realmsHeaven (sagga)Tusita — one of the six deva-worlds of the kāmadhātuTāvatiṃsa — the fifth of the heavens of the kāmadhātu, and the highest of the heavens that maintains a physical connection with the rest of the worldFour Heavenly KingsDemigod realm (asura)Human realm (mānusatta)Hungry Ghost realm (peta • preta)Animal realmHell (niraya • naraka)Avīci — the lowest level of the hell realmThree planes of existence (tiloka • triloka)World of desire (kāmaloka)World of form (rūpaloka)World of formlessness (arūpaloka)Ten spiritual realmsBuddhahoodBodhisattva — BodhisattvahoodPratyekabuddha — RealizationSāvakabuddha — LearningDeva — HeavenAsura — Paranoid jealousyHuman beings in Buddhism — HumanityAnimals in Buddhism — AnimalityPreta — HungerNaraka — HellSix sense bases (saḷāyatana • ṣaḍāyatana)Eye (cakkhu) and FormsEar (sota) and SoundsNose (ghāṇa) and OdorsTongue (jivhā) and FlavorsBody (kāya) and Tactile objectsMind (mano) and PhenomenaEarth element (paṭhavī-dhātu)Water (or liquid) element (āpo-dhātu)Fire element (tejo-dhātu)Air (or wind) element (vāyo-dhātu)Space element (ākāsa-dhātu)Consciousness element (viññāṇa-dhātu)Six sensory facultiesEye/vision faculty (cakkh-undriya)Ear/hearing faculty (sot-indriya)Nose/smell faculty (ghān-indriya)Tongue/taste faculty (jivh-indriya)Body/sensibility faculty (kāy-indriya)Mind faculty (man-indriya)Three physical facultiesFemininity (itth-indriya)Masculinity (puris-indriya)Life or vitality (jīvit-indriya)Five feeling facultiesPhysical pleasure (sukh-indriya)Physical pain (dukkh-indriya)Mental joy (somanasa-indriya)Mental grief (domanass-indriya)Indifference (upekh-indriya)Five spiritual facultiesFaith (saddh-indriya)Energy (viriy-indriya)Mindfulness (sat-indriya)Concentration (samādhi-indriya)Wisdom (paññ-indriya)Three final-knowledge facultiesThinking "I shall know the unknown" (anaññāta-ñassāmīt-indriya)Gnosis (aññ-indriya)One who knows (aññātā-vindriya)Seven universal mental factors common to all; ethically variable mental factors common to all consciousnesses (sabbacittasādhāraṇa cetasikas)Contact (phassa)Feeling (vedanā)Perception (saññā)Volition (cetanā)One-pointedness (ekaggatā)Life Faculty (jīvitindriya)Attention (manasikāra)Six occasional or particular mental factors; ethically variable mental factors found only in certain consciousnesses (pakiṇṇaka cetasikas)Application of thought (vitakka)Examining (vicāra)Decision (adhimokkha)Energy (viriya)Rapture (pīti)Desire (to act) (chanda)Fourteen unwholesome mental factors (akusala cetasikas)Four universal unwholesome mental facrors (akusalasādhāraṇa):Delusion (moha)Lack of shame (ahirika)Disregard for consequence (anottappa)Restlessness (uddhacca)Three mental factors of the greed-group (lobha):Greed (lobha)Wrong view (diṭṭhi)Conceit (māna)Four mental factors of the hatred-group (dosa)Hatred (dosa)Envy (issā)Miserliness (macchariya)Regret (kukkucca)Other unwholesome mental factorsSloth (thīna)Torpor (middha)Doubt (vicikicchā)Twenty-five beautiful mental factors (sobhana cetasikas)Nineteen universal beautiful mental factors (sobhanasādhāraṇa):Faith (saddhā)Mindfulness (sati)Shame at doing evil (hiri)Regard for consequence (ottappa)Lack of greed (alobha)Lack of hatred (adosa)Balance, neutrality of mind (tatramajjhattatā)Tranquillity of mental body (kāyapassaddhi)Tranquillity of consciousness (cittapassaddhi)Lightness of mental body (kāyalahutā)Lightness of consciousness (cittalahutā)Softness/malleability of mental body (kāyamudutā)Softness/malleability of consciousness (cittamudutā)Readiness/wieldiness of mental body (kāyakammaññatā)Readiness/wieldiness of consciousness (cittakammaññatā)Proficiency of mental body (kāyapāguññatā)Proficiency of consciousness (cittapāguññatā)Straightness/rectitude of mental body (kāyujukatā)Straightness/rectitude of consciousness (cittujukatā)Three Abstinences (virati):Right speech (sammāvācā)Right action (sammākammanta)Right livelihood (sammā-ājīva)Two Illimitables (appamañña):Compassion (karuṇā)Sympathetic joy (muditā)One Faculty of wisdom (paññindriya):Wisdom (paññā • prajñā)Five universal mental factors (sarvatraga) common to all:- Sparśa — contact, contacting awareness, sense impression, touch
- Vedanā — feeling, sensation
- Saṃjñā — perception
- Cetanā — volition
- Manasikara — attention
Five determining mental factors (viṣayaniyata):- Chanda — desire (to act), intention, interest
- Adhimoksha — decision, interest, firm conviction
- Smṛti — mindfulness
- Prajñā — wisdom
- Samādhi — concentration
Eleven virtuous (kuśala) mental factors- Sraddhā — faith
- Hrī — self-respect, conscientiousness, sense of shame
- Apatrāpya — decorum, regard for consequence
- Alobha — non-attachment
- Adveṣa — non-aggression, equanimity, lack of hatred
- Amoha — non-bewilderment
- Vīrya — diligence, effort
- Praśrabdhi — pliancy
- Apramāda — conscientiousness
- Upekṣa — equanimity
- Ahiṃsā — nonharmfulness
Six root mental defilements (mūlakleśa):- Raga — attachment
- Pratigha — anger
- Avidya — ignorance
- Māna — pride, conceit
- Vicikitsa — doubt
- Dṛiṣṭi — wrong view
Twenty secondary defilement (upakleśa):- Krodha — rage, fury
- Upanāha — resentment
- Mrakśa — concealment, slyness-concealment
- Pradāśa — spitefulness
- Irshya — envy, jealousy
- Mātsarya — stinginess, avarice, miserliness
- Māyā — pretense, deceit
- Śāṭhya — hypocrisy, dishonesty
- Mada — self-infatuation, mental inflation, self-satisfaction
- Vihiṃsā — malice, hostility, cruelty, intention to harm
- Āhrīkya — lack of shame, lack of conscious, shamelessness
- Anapatrāpya — lack of propriety, disregard, shamelessness
- Styāna — lethargy, gloominess
- Auddhatya — excitement, ebullience
- Āśraddhya — lack of faith, lack of trust
- Kausīdya — laziness, slothfulness
- Pramāda — heedlessness, carelessness, unconcern
- Muṣitasmṛtitā — forgetfulness
- Asaṃprajanya — non-alertness, inattentiveness
- Vikṣepa — distraction, desultoriness
Four changeable mental factors (aniyata):- Kaukṛitya — regret, worry,
- Middha — sleep, drowsiness
- Vitarka — conception, selectiveness, examination
- Vicāra — discernment, discursiveness, analysis
Mind and Consciousness
Citta — Mind, mindset, or state of mindCetasika — Mental factorsManas — Mind, general thinking facultyConsciousness (viññāṇa)Mindstream (citta-saṃtāna) — the moment-to-moment continuity of consciousnessBhavanga — the most fundamental aspect of mind in TheravadaLuminous mind (pabhassara citta)Consciousness-only (vijñapti-mātratā)Eight Consciousnesses (aṣṭavijñāna)Eye-consciousness — seeing apprehended by the visual sense organsEar-consciousness — hearing apprehended by the auditory sense organsNose-consciousness — smelling apprehended through the olfactory organsTongue-consciousness — tasting perceived through the gustatory organsIdeation-consciousness — the aspect of mind known in Sanskrit as the "mind monkey"; the consciousness of ideationBody-consciousness — tactile feeling apprehended through skin contact, touchThe manas consciousness — obscuration-consciousness — a consciousness which through apprehension, gathers the hindrances, the poisons, the karmic formationsStore-house consciousness (ālāyavijñāna) — the seed consciousness, the consciousness which is the basis of the other sevenConceptual Proliferation (papañca • prapañca) — the deluded conceptualization of the world through the use of ever-expanding language and conceptsMonkey mind — unsettled, restless mindTaints (āsava)Sensual desire (kāmāsava)Becoming (bhavāsava)Wrong view (diṭṭhāsava)Ignorance (avijjāsava)Defilements (kilesa • kleśā)Three poisonsGreed (attachment) (lobha • rāga)Hatred (aversion) (dosa • dvesha)Delusion (ignorance) (moha)Round of defilements (kilesa-vaṭṭa)Ignorance (avijjā • avidyā)Craving (taṇhā • tṛṣṇā)Clinging (upādāna)Four perversions of view, thought and perception (vipallasa)Taking what is impermanent (anicca • anitya) to be permanent (nicca • nitya)Taking what is suffering (dukkha • duḥkha) to be happiness (sukha)Taking what is nonself (anattā • anātman) to be self (attā • ātman)Taking what is not beautiful (asubha) to be beautiful (subha)Five hindrances (pañca nīvaraṇā) — the main inner impediments to the development of concentration and insightSensual desire (kāmacchanda) — craving for pleasure to the sensesIll-will (vyāpāda) — feelings of malice directed toward othersSloth and torpor (thīna-middha) — half-hearted action with little or no concentrationRestlessness and remorse (uddhacca-kukkucca) — the inability to calm the mindDoubt (vicikicchā) — lack of conviction or trustLatent tendencies (anusaya)Sensual passion (kāma-rāga)Resistance (patigha)Views (diṭṭhi)Doubt (vicikicchā)Conceit (māna)Craving for continued existence (bhavarāga)Ignorance (avijjā • avidyā)Ten Fetters (saṃyojana)Identity view (sakkāyadiṭṭhi) — the view of a truly existent self either as identical with the five aggregates, or as existing in some relation to themEternity-belief (sassata-diṭṭhi)Annihilation-belief (uccheda-diṭṭhi)Doubt (vicikicchā) — doubt about the Buddha, the Dhamma, the Saṅgha, or the trainingWrong grasp of rules and observances (sīlabbata-parāmāsa) — the belief that mere external observances, particularly religious rituals and ascetic practices, can lead to liberationSensual lust (kāmacchando)Ill will (vyāpādo)Desire for existence in the form realm (rūparāgo)Desire for existence in the formless realm (arūparāgo)Conceit (māna)Restlessness (uddhacca)Ignorance (avijjā • avidyā)Bodily happiness (kayasukha)Mental happiness (cittasukha)Kamma Bhava — kammas caused by four UpadanasUpapatti Bhava — rebirth bhavaShame at doing evil (hiri)Fear of the results of wrongdoing (ottappa)"I am better""I am equal""I am worse"Three Standpoints
Gratification (assāda)Danger (ādinava)Escape (nissaraṇa)Welfare and happiness directly visible in this present life, attained by fulfilling one's moral commitments and social responsibilities (diṭṭha-dhamma-hitasukha)Welfare and happiness pertaining to the next life, attained by engaging in meritorious deeds (samparāyika-hitasukha)The ultimate good or supreme goal, Nibbāna, final release from the cycle of rebirths, attained by developing the Noble Eightfold Path (paramattha)Study (pariyatti)Practice (paṭipatti)Realization (pativedha)Physical food [either gross or subtle] (kabalinkaro)Contact (phasso dutiyo)Mental volition (manosancetana)Consciousness (viññāṇa • vijñāna)The Five Aggregates (khandha • skandha)Defilements (kilesa • kleśā)Volitional formations (saṅkhāra • saṃskāra)Sensual pleasures (kāmacchanda)The "Eight Worldly Winds" referenced in discussions of Equanimity (
upekkhā,
upekṣhā)
Pleasure and painPraise and blameFame and dishonourGain and lossFour Noble Truths (cattāri ariyasaccāni • catvāri āryasatyāni)Suffering (dukkha • duḥkha)Cause of suffering (samudaya)Cessation of suffering (nirodha)Path leading to the cessation of suffering (magga • marga)Two truths doctrineConventional truth (sammutisacca • saṃvṛtisatya)Ultimate truth (paramatthasacca • paramārthasatya)Six types of higher knowledges (chalabhiñña)Supernormal powers (iddhi)Multiplying the body into many and into one againAppearing and vanishing at willPassing through solid objects as if spaceAbility to rise and sink in the ground as if in waterWalking on water as if landFlying through the skiesTouching anything at any distance (even the moon or sun)Traveling to other worlds (like the world of Brahma) with or without the bodyDivine ear (dibba-sota), that is, clairaudienceMind-penetrating knowledge (ceto-pariya-ñāṇa), that is, telepathyRemembering one's former abodes (pubbe-nivāsanussati), that is, recalling one's own past livesDivine eye (dibba-cakkhu), that is, knowing others' karmic destinationsExtinction of mental intoxicants (āsavakkhaya), upon which arahantship followsThree knowledges (tevijja)Remembering one's former abodes (pubbe-nivāsanussati)Divine eye (dibba-cakkhu)Extinction of mental intoxicants (āsavakkhaya)Equanimity (upekkhā, upekṣhā)Fearlessness (nibbhaya)Freedom from unhappiness & suffering (asukhacaadukkha)Meditative Absorption (samādhi)Out-of-body experience (manomaya)Clairaudience (dibba-sota)Intuition and mental telepathy (ceto-pariya-ñána)Recollection of past lives (patisandhi)Clairvoyance (dibba-cakkhu)The Ending of Mental Fermentations (samatha)Concepts unique to Mahayana and Vajrayana
Bardo — Intermediate stateShinay bardo — the Bardo of This LifeMilam bardo — the Bardo of DreamSamten bardo — the Bardo of MeditationChikkhai bardo — the Bardo of DyingChönyid bardo — the Bardo of DharmataSidpai bardo — the Bardo of ExistenceBodhicitta — the wish to attain BuddhahoodBodhisattva — name given to anyone who has generated bodhicittaBuddha-nature — immortal potency or element within the purest depths of the mind, present in all sentient beings, for awakening and becoming a BuddhaDzogchen — the natural, primordial state or natural condition of every sentient beingEternal BuddhaLung (Tibetan Buddhism)Pure landRainbow body — a body not made of flesh, but consists of pure light, an astral bodySvabhava — Intrinsic natureTathātā/Dharmatā — ThusnessDharmadhatu — Realm of TruthFour DharmadhātuTermaThree VajrasThree RootsLamaIṣṭha-deva(tā) — YidamDakini/DharmapalaTrikayaNirmanakayaSambhogakayaDharmakāyaUpāya — Skillful meansFive WisdomsEmptiness (suññatā • śūnyatā)Middle way (majjhimā paṭipadā • madhyamā-pratipad) — the Buddhist path of non-extremismAvoiding the extreme of sensual indulgence (kāmesu kāma-sukha-allika)Avoiding the extreme of self-mortification (atta-kilamatha)Sentient beings (satta • sattva)Taking refuge in the Triple GemBuddhaDharmaSanghaWorship (pūjā) — see also: AbhishekaOfferingsProstration (panipāta • namas-kara)ChantingMantraOm mani padme humNamo AmituofoNam Myōhō Renge KyōBuddhoNamo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa — Homage to the Blessed One, the Worthy One, the Fully Self-enlightened OneMoral discipline and precepts (Sīla • Śīla)
Five Precepts (pañca-sīlāni • pañca-śīlāni)Abstaining from taking life (pāṇātipātā veramaṇī)Abstaining from taking what is not given (adinnādānā veramaṇī)Abstaining from sexual misconduct (kāmesu micchācāra veramaṇī)Abstaining from false speech (musāvāda veramaṇī)Abstaining from drinks and drugs that cause heedlessness (surā-meraya-majja-pamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī)Eight Precepts (aṭṭhasīla)Abstaining from taking life (both human and non-human)Abstaining from taking what is not given (stealing)Abstaining from all sexual activityAbstaining from telling liesAbstaining from using intoxicating drinks and drugs which lead to carelessnessAbstaining from eating at the wrong time (the right time is eating once, after sunrise, before noon)Abstaining from singing, dancing, playing music, attending entertainment performances, wearing perfume, and using cosmetics and garlands (decorative accessories)Abstaining from luxurious places for sitting or sleepingTen Precepts (dasasīla)Abstaining from killing living thingsAbstaining from stealingAbstaining from un-chastity (sensuality, sexuality, lust)Abstaining from lyingAbstaining from taking intoxicantsAbstaining from taking food at inappropriate times (after noon)Abstaining from singing, dancing, playing music or attending entertainment programs (performances)Abstaining from wearing perfume, cosmetics and garland (decorative accessories)Abstaining from sitting on high chairs and sleeping on luxurious, soft bedsAbstaining from accepting moneySixteen PreceptsThree TreasuresTaking refuge in the BuddhaTaking refuge in the DharmaTaking refuge in the SanghaThree Pure PreceptsNot Creating EvilPracticing GoodActualizing Good For OthersTen Grave PreceptsAffirm life; Do not killBe giving; Do not stealHonor the body; Do not misuse sexualityManifest truth; Do not lieProceed clearly; Do not cloud the mindSee the perfection; Do not speak of others errors and faultsRealize self and other as one; Do not elevate the self and blame othersGive generously; Do not be withholdingActualize harmony; Do not be angryExperience the intimacy of things; Do not defile the Three TreasuresVinayaPātimokkha (Pratimoksha) — the code of monastic rules binding on members of the Buddhist monastic orderParajika (defeats) — four rules entailing expulsion from the sangha for lifeSexual intercourse, that is, any voluntary sexual interaction between a bhikkhu and a living being, except for mouth-to-mouth intercourse which falls under the sanghadisesaStealing, that is, the robbery of anything worth more than 1/24 troy ounce of gold (as determined by local law.)Intentionally bringing about the death of a human being, even if it is still an embryo — whether by killing the person, arranging for an assassin to kill the person, inciting the person to die, or describing the advantages of deathDeliberately lying to another person that one has attained a superior human state, such as claiming to be an arahant when one knows one is not, or claiming to have attained one of the jhanas when one knows one hasn'tSanghadisesa — thirteen rules requiring an initial and subsequent meeting of the sangha (communal meetings)Aniyata — two indefinite rules where a monk is accused of having committed an offence with a woman in a screened (enclosed) or private place by a lay personNissaggiya pacittiya — thirty rules entailing "confession with forfeiture"Pacittiya — ninety-two rules entailing confessionPatidesaniya — four violations which must be verbally acknowledgedSekhiyavatta — seventy-five rules of training, which are mainly about the deportment of a monkSāruppa — proper behaviorBhojanapatisamyutta — foodDhammadesanāpatisamyutta — teaching dhammaPakinnaka — miscellaneousAdhikarana-samatha — seven rules for settlement of legal processes that concern monks onlyBodhisattva vowsSamaya — a set of vows or precepts given to initiates of an esoteric Vajrayana Buddhist orderAscetic practices (dhutanga) — a group of thirteen austerities, or ascetic practices, most commonly observed by Forest Monastics of the Theravada Tradition of BuddhismTo abstain from all evil (sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ)To cultivate the good (kusalassa upasampadā)To purify one's mind (sacittapariyodapanaṃ)Generosity (dāna)Morality (sīla • śīla)Meditation (bhāvanā)The training in the higher moral discipline (adhisīla-sikkhā) — morality (sīla • śīla)The training in the higher mind (adhicitta-sikkhā) — concentration (samādhi)The training in the higher wisdom (adhipaññā-sikkhā) — wisdom (paññā • prajñā)Faith (saddhā • śraddhā)Morality (sīla • śīla)Learning (suta)Generosity (cāga)Wisdom (paññā • prajñā)Faith (saddhā • śraddhā)Conscience (hiri) — an innate sense of shame over moral transgressionConcern (ottappa) — moral dread, fear of the results of wrongdoingEnergy (viriya • vīrya)Wisdom (paññā • prajñā)Admirable friendship (kalyāṇa-mittatā • kalyāṇa-mitratā)Morality (sīla • śīla)Hearing the DhammaExertion (viriya • vīrya)Awareness of impermanence (anicca-ñāṇa)I am subject to ageing, I am not exempt from ageingI am subject to illness, I am not exempt from illnessI am subject to death, I am not exempt from deathThere will be change and separation from all that I hold dear and near to meI am the owner of my actions, heir to my actions, I am born of my actions, I am related to my actions and I have my actions as refuge; whatever I do, good or evil, of that I will be the heirGenerosity (dāna)Virtue (sīla • śīla)Heaven (sagga)Danger of sensual pleasure (kāmānaṃ ādīnava)Renunciation (nekkhamma)The Four Noble Truths (cattāri ariyasaccāni • catvāri āryasatyāni)Faith (saddhā • śraddhā)Conscience (hiri)Moral dread (ottappa)Learning (suta)Energy (viriya • vīrya)Mindfulness (sati • smṛti)Wisdom (paññā • prajñā)Generosity (dāna)Morality (sīla • śīla)Meditation (bhāvanā)Paying due respect to those who are worthy of it (apacayana)Helping others perform good deeds (veyyavacca)Sharing of merit after doing some good deed (anumodana)Rejoicing in the merits of others (pattanumodana)Teaching the Dhamma (dhammadesana)Listening to the Dhamma (dhammassavana)Straightening one's own viewsGenerosity (dāna)Morality (sīla)Renunciation (nekkhamma)Wisdom (paññā)Energy (viriya)Patience (khanti)Truthfulness (sacca)Determination (adhiṭṭhāna)Loving-kindness (mettā)Equanimity (upekkhā)Generosity (dāna)Morality (śīla)Patience (kṣanti)Energy (vīrya)Concentration (dhyāna)Wisdom (prajñā)Contemplation of the body (kāyagatāsati • kāyasmṛti)Mindfulness of breathing (ānāpānasati • ānāpānasmṛti)Contemplation of the body (kāyanupassana) — first tetradBreathing a long breathBreathing a short breathExperiencing the whole (breath-) body (awareness of the beginning, middle, and end of the breath)Tranquilizing the bodily formationContemplation of feelings (vedanānupassana) — second tetradExperiencing raptureExperiencing blissExperiencing the mental formationTranquilizing the mental formationContemplation of the mind (cittanupassana) — third tetradExperiencing the mindGladdening the mindConcentrating the mindLiberating the mindContemplation of Dhammas (dhammānupassana) — fourth tetradContemplating impermanence (aniccānupassī)Contemplating fading away (virāgānupassī)Contemplating cessation (nirodhānupassī)Contemplating relinquishment (paṭinissaggānupassī)PosturesWalkingStandingSittingLying downClear comprehension (sampajañña • samprajaña)Clear comprehension of the purpose of one's action (sātthaka)Clear comprehension of the suitability of one's means to the achievement of one's purpose (sappāya)Clear comprehension of the domain, that is, not abandoning the subject of meditation during one's daily routine (gocara)Clear comprehension of reality, the awareness that behind one's activities there is no abiding self (asammoha)Reflections on repulsiveness of the body, meditation on the thirty-two body parts (patikulamanasikara)head hairsbody hairsnailsteethskinfleshtendonsbonesbone marrowkidneysheartliverpleura (or diaphragm)spleenlungsintestinesmesenterystomachfecesbilephlegmpusbloodsweatfattearsskin-oilsalivamucussynovial fluidurinebrainReflections on the material elements (mahābhūta)EarthWaterFireWindCemetery contemplations (asubha)Swollen or bloated corpseCorpse brownish black or purplish blue with decayFestering or suppurated corpseCorpse splattered half or fissured from decayCorpse gnawed by animals such as wild dogs and foxesCorpse scattered in parts, hands, legs, head and body being dispersedCorpse cut and thrown away in parts after killingBleeding corpse, i.e. with red blood oozing outCorpse infested with and eaten by wormsRemains of a corpse in a heap of bones, i.e. skeletonContemplation of feelings (vedanāsati • vedanāsmṛti)Pleasant feelingWorldly pleasant feelingSpiritual pleasant feelingPainful feelingWorldly painful feelingSpiritual painful feelingNeither-pleasant-nor-painful (neutral) feelingWorldly neutral feelingSpiritual neutral feelingContemplation of consciousness (cittasati • cittasmṛti)With lust (sarāgaṃ) or without lust (vītarāgaṃ)With hate (sadosaṃ) or without hate (vītadosaṃ)With delusion (samohaṃ) or without delusion (vītamohaṃ)Contracted (saṅkhittaṃ) or scattered (vikkhittaṃ)Lofty (mahaggataṃ) or not lofty (amahaggataṃ)Surpassable (sa-uttaraṃ) or unsurpassed (anuttaraṃ)Quieted (samāhitaṃ) or not quieted (asamāhitaṃ)Released (vimuttaṃ) or not released (avimuttaṃ)Contemplation of mental objects (dhammāsati • dharmasmṛti)HindrancesAggregates of clingingSense bases and their fettersSeven factors of enlightenmentFour Noble TruthsExertion for the non-arising (anuppādāya) of unskillful statesExertion for the abandoning (pahānāya) of unskillful statesExertion for the arising (uppādāya) of skillful statesExertion for the sustaining (ṭhitiyā) of skillful statesConcentration due to desire (chanda)Concentration due to energy (viriya • vīrya)Concentration due to mind (citta)Concentration due to investigation (vīmaṃsā)Faith (saddhā • śraddhā) — faith in the Buddha's awakeningEnergy (viriya • vīrya) — exertion towards the Four Right EffortsMindfulness (sati • smṛti) — focusing on the four satipatthanaConcentration (samādhi) — achieving the four jhānasWisdom (paññā • prajñā) — discerning the Four Noble TruthsFaith (saddhā • śraddhā) — controls doubtEnergy (viriya • vīrya) — controls lazinessMindfulness (sati • smṛti) — controls heedlessnessConcentration (samādhi) — controls distractionWisdom (paññā • prajñā) — controls ignoranceNeutral
Mindfulness (sati • smṛti)Arousing
Investigation of doctrine (dhamma vicaya • dharma-vicaya)Energy (viriya • vīrya)Rapture (pīti • prīti)Calming
Tranquillity (passaddhi)Concentration (samādhi)Equanimity (upekkhā • upekṣā)Wisdom (Paññākkhandha)
Right view (sammā-diṭṭhi • samyag-dṛṣṭi)Mundane right viewKarmaSupramundane right viewRight view that accords with the Four Noble Truths (saccanulomika sammā-diṭṭhi)StudyReflectionMeditationRight view that penetrates the Four Noble Truths (saccapativedha sammā-diṭṭhi)Right intention (sammā-saṅkappa • samyak-saṃkalpa)The intention of renunciation (nekkhamma-sankappa)The intention of non-ill will (abyapada-sankappa)The intention of harmlessness (avihimsa-sankappa)Moral discipline (Sīlakkhandha)
Right speech (sammā-vācā • samyag-vāc)Abstaining from false speech (musāvāda veramaṇī)Abstaining from slanderous speech (pisunaya vacaya veramaṇī)Abstaining from harsh speech (pharusaya vacaya veramaṇī)Abstaining from verbal abuseAbstaining from insultsAbstaining from sarcasmAbstaining from idle chatter (samphappalāpa veramaṇī)Right action (sammā-kammanta • samyak-karmānta)Abstaining from the taking of life (pāṇātipātā veramaṇī)Abstaining from homicideAbstaining from animal slaughterAbstaining from huntingAbstaining from fishingAbstaining from killing insectsAbstaining from deliberately harming or torturing another beingAbstaining from taking what is not given (adinnādānā veramaṇī)Abstaining from stealingAbstaining from robberyAbstaining from snatchingAbstaining from fraudulenceAbstaining from deceitfulnessAbstaining from sexual misconduct (kāmesu micchācāra veramaṇī)Abstaining from adulteryAbstaining from sexual harassmentAbstaining from rapeRight livelihood (sammā-ājīva • samyag-ājīva)Abstaining from dealing in weaponsAbstaining from dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution)Abstaining from dealing in meat production and butcheryAbstaining from dealing in poisonsAbstaining from dealing in intoxicantsAbstaining from deceitAbstaining from treacheryAbstaining from soothsayingAbstaining from trickeryAbstaining from usuryConcentration (Samādhikkhandha)
Right effort (sammā-vāyāma • samyag-vyāyāma)The effort to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states (samvarappadhana)Wise attention (yoniso manasikara)Restraint of the sense faculties (indriya-samvara)The effort to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen (pahanappadhana)Overcoming the Five hindrancesThe effort to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen (bhavanappadhana)Seven Factors of Enlightenment (satta sambojjhaṅgā • sapta bodhyanga)Mindfulness (sati)Investigation of doctrine (dhamma vicaya)Energy (viriya • vīrya)Rapture (pīti)Tranquillity (passaddhi)Concentration (samādhi)Equanimity (upekkha)The effort to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen (anurakkhanappadhana)Right mindfulness (sammā-sati • samyak-smṛti)Contemplation of the body (kāyanupassana)Contemplation of feeling (vedanānupassana)Contemplation of states of mind (cittanupassana)Contemplation of phenomena (dhammānupassana)Right concentration (sammā-samādhi • samyak-samādhi)Four jhānasFirst jhāna (pathamajjhana)Second jhāna (dutiyajjhana)Third jhāna (tatiyajjhana)Fourth jhāna (catutthajjhana)Acquired factors
Right knowledge (sammā-ñāṇa)Right liberation (sammā-vimutti)Tranquillity/Serenity/Calm (Samatha • Śamatha)
Place of work (kammaṭṭhāna)Ten KasinasEarth kasina (pathavikasinam)Water kasina (apokasinam)Fire kasina (tejokasinam)Wind kasina (vayokasinam)Brownish or deep purplish blue kasina (nilakasinam)Yellow kasina (pitakasinam)Red kasina (lohitakasinam)White kasina (odatakasinam)Light kasina (alokakasinam)Open air-space, sky kasina (akasakasinam)Ten reflections on repulsiveness (asubas)A swollen or bloated corpse (uddhumatakam)A corpse brownish black or purplish blue with decay (vinilakam)A festering or suppurated corpse (vipubbakam)A corpse splattered half or fissured from decay (vicchiddakam)A corpse gnawed by animals such as wild dogs and foxes (vikkhayittakam)A corpse scattered in parts, hands, legs, head and body being dispersed (vikkhitakam)A corpse cut and thrown away in parts after killing (hatavikkhittakam)A bleeding corpse, i.e. with red blood oozing out (lohitakam)A corpse infested with and eaten by worms (puluvakam)Remains of a corpse in a heap of bones, i.e. skeleton (atthikam)Ten Recollections (anussati • anusmriti)Buddhānussaṭi (Buddhanusmrti) — Recollection of the Buddha — fixing the mind with attentiveness and reflecting repeatedly on the glorious virtues and attributes of BuddhaDhammānussati (Dharmanusmrti) — Recollection of the Dhamma — reflecting with serious attentiveness repeatedly on the virtues and qualities of Buddha's teachings and his doctrineSaṅghānussati (Sanghanusmrti) — Recollection of the Saṅgha — fixing the mind strongly and repeatedly upon the rare attributes and sanctity of the SanghaSīlānussati — Recollection of virtue — reflecting seriously and repeatedly on the purification of one's own morality or sīlaCāgānussati — Recollection of generosity — reflecting repeatedly on the mind's purity in the noble act of one's own dāna, charitableness and liberalityDevatānussati — Recollection of deities — reflecting with serious and repeated attention on one's own complete possession of the qualities of absolute faith (saddhā), morality (sīla), learning (suta), liberality (cāga) and wisdom (paññā) just as the devas have, to enable one to be reborn in the world of devasMaraṇānussati — Mindfulness of death — reflecting repeatedly on the inevitability of deathKāyagatāsati — Mindfulness of the body — reflecting earnestly and repeatedly on the impurity of the body which is composed of the detestable 32 constituents such as hair, body hair, nails, teeth, skin, etc.Ānāpānasati — Mindfulness of breathing — repeated reflection on the inhaled and exhaled breathUpasamānussati — Recollection of peace — reflecting repeatedly with serious attentiveness on the supreme spiritual blissful state of NirvanaFour Divine Abidings (brahmavihāra)Loving-kindness (mettā • maitrī)Compassion (karuṇā)Sympathetic joy (muditā)Equanimity (upekkhā • upekṣā)Four formless jhānas (arūpajhāna)Base of the infinity of space (ākāsānañcāyatana)Base of the infinity of consciousness (viññāṇañcāyatana)Base of nothingness (ākiñcaññāyatana)Base of neither-perception-nor-nonperception (nevasaññānāsaññāyatana)Perception of disgust of food (aharepatikulasanna)Four Great Elements (mahābhūta)Earth element (paṭhavī-dhātu)Water (or liquid) element (āpo-dhātu)Fire element (tejo-dhātu)Air (or wind) element (vāyo-dhātu)Concentration (Samādhi)
Sign (nimitta)Learning sign (uggahanimitta)Counterpart sign (paṭibhāganimitta)Momentary concentration (khaṇikasamādhi)Preliminary concentration (parikammasamādhi)Neighbourhood concentration (upacārasamādhi)Nine attainments (samāpatti)Attainment concentration (appanāsamādhi)Jhāna (Dhyāna) — states of deep meditative concentration marked by the one-pointed fixation of the mind upon its objectFour form jhānas (rūpajhāna)First jhāna (pathamajjhana)applied thought (vittaka)sustained thought (vicāra)rapture (pīti)bliss (sukha)one-pointedness (ekaggata)Second jhāna (dutiyajjhana)rapture (pīti)bliss (sukha)one-pointedness (ekaggata)Third jhāna (tatiyajjhana)bliss (sukha)one-pointedness (ekaggata)Fourth jhāna (catutthajjhana)one-pointedness (ekaggata)equanimity (upekkhā • upekṣā)Four formless jhānas (arūpajhāna)Base of the infinity of space (ākāsānañcāyatana)Base of the infinity of consciousness (viññāṇañcāyatana)Base of nothingness (ākiñcaññāyatana)Base of neither-perception-nor-nonperception (nevasaññānāsaññāyatana)Cessation of perception and feeling (nirodha-samāpatti)Insight meditation (Vipassanā • Vipaśyanā)
Insight knowledge (vipassanā-ñāṇa)Vipassana jhanasEighteen kinds of insightContemplation on impermanence (aniccanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of permanenceContemplation on unsatisfactoriness (dukkhanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of real happinessContemplation on non-self (anattanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of selfContemplation on disenchantment (revulsion) (nibbidanupassana) overcomes affectionContemplation on dispassion (fading away) (viraganupassana) overcomes greedContemplation on cessation (nirodhanupassana) overcomes the arisingContemplation on giving up (patinissagganupassana) overcomes attachmentContemplation on dissolution (khayanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of something compactContemplation on disappearance (vayanupassana) overcomes kamma-accumulationContemplation on changeablenes (viparinamanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of something immutableContemplation on the signless (animittanupassana) overcomes the conditions of rebirthContemplation on the desireless (appanihitanupassana) overcomes longingContemplation on emptiness (suññatanupassana) overcomes clingingHigher wisdom and insight (adhipaññadhamma vipassana) overcomes the wrong idea of something substantialTrue eye of knowledge (yathabhuta ñanadassana) overcomes clinging to delusionContemplation on misery (adinavanupassana) overcomes clinging to desireReflecting contemplation (patisankhanupassana) overcomes thoughtlessnessContemplation on the standstill of existence (vivattanupassana) overcomes being entangled in fettersSixteen Stages of Vipassanā KnowledgeKnowledge to distinguish mental and physical states (namarupa pariccheda ñāṇa)Knowledge of the cause-and-effect relationship between mental and physical states (paccaya pariggaha ñāṇa)Knowledge of mental and physical processes as impermanent, unsatisfactory and nonself (sammasana ñāṇa)Knowledge of arising and passing away (udayabbaya ñāṇa)Knowledge of the dissolution of formations (bhanga ñāṇa)Knowledge of the fearful nature of mental and physical states (bhaya ñāṇa)Knowledge of mental and physical states as unsatisfactory (adinava ñāṇa)Knowledge of disenchantment (nibbida ñāṇa)Knowledge of the desire to abandon the worldly state (muncitukamayata ñāṇa)Knowledge which investigates the path to deliverance and instills a decision to practice further (patisankha ñāṇa)Knowledge which regards mental and physical states with equanimity (sankharupekha ñāṇa)Knowledge which conforms to the Four Noble Truths (anuloma ñāṇa)Knowledge of deliverance from the worldly condition (gotrabhu ñāṇa)Knowledge by which defilements are abandoned and are overcome by destruction (magga ñāṇa)Knowledge which realizes the fruit of the path and has nibbana as object (phala ñāṇa)Knowledge which reviews the defilements still remaining (paccavekkhana ñāṇa)ZazenConcentrationKōan — a story, dialogue, question, or statement in Zen, containing aspects that are inaccessible to rational understanding, yet may be accessible to intuitionShikantaza — just sittingTonglenTantraAnuttarayoga TantraGeneration stageCompletion stageMargaphalaNgöndro — Four thoughts which turn the mind towards DharmaThe freedoms and advantages of precious human rebirthThe truth of impermanence and changeThe workings of karmaThe suffering of living beings within SamsaraAhimsa — Non-violenceAppamada — HeedfulnessChöd — advanced spiritual practice and discipline arising from confluences of Bonpo, Mahasidda, Nyingmapa traditions and now practiced throughout the schools of Tibetan BuddhismMeritParitta — ProtectionSamvega and pasadaSimranNirvana (Nibbāna • Nirvāṇa) — the final goal of the Buddha's teaching; the unconditioned state beyond the round of rebirths, to be attained by the destruction of the defilements; Full Enlightenment or Awakening, the complete cessation of sufferingParinirvana (Parinibbāna • Parinirvāṇa) — final passing away of an enlightened personBodhi — the awakening attained by the Buddha and his accomplished disciples, referring to insight into the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold PathTypes of BuddhaSammāsambuddha (Samyak-saṃbuddha) — one who, by his own efforts, attains Nirvana, having rediscovered the Noble Eightfold Path after it has been lost to humanity, and makes this Path known to othersPaccekabuddha (Pratyekabuddha) — "a lone Buddha", a self-awakened Buddha, but one who lacks the ability to spread the Dhamma to othersSāvakabuddha (Śrāvakabuddha) — enlightened 'disciple of a Buddha'. Usual being named ArhatFour stages of enlightenment (see also: Ariya-puggala — Noble Ones)Sotāpanna — Stream-enterer (first stage of enlightenment) — one who has "opened the eye of the Dhamma", and is guaranteed enlightenment after no more than seven successive rebirths, having eradicated the first three fettersThe four factors leading to stream-entryAssociation with superior personsHearing the true DhammaCareful attentionPractice in accordance with the DhammaThe four factors of a stream-entererPossessing confirmed confidence in the BuddhaPossessing confirmed confidence in the DhammaPossessing confirmed confidence in the SanghaPossessing moral virtues dear to the noble onesSakadagami — Once-returner (second stage of enlightenment) — will be reborn into the human world once more, before attaining enlightenment, having eradicated the first three fetters and attenuated greed, hatred, and delusionAnāgāmi — Non-returner (third stage of enlightenment) — does not come back into human existence, or any lower world, after death, but is reborn in the "Pure Abodes", where he will attain Nirvāṇa, having eradicated the first five fettersArahant — "Worthy One", (see also: Arhat), a fully enlightened human being who has abandoned all ten fetters, and who upon decease (Parinibbāna) will not be reborn in any world, having wholly abandoned saṃsāraBodhisattva — one who has generated bodhicitta, the spontaneous wish to attain BuddhahoodBodhisattva Bhumis — stages of enlightenment through which a bodhisattva passesSatori — a Japanese Buddhist term for "enlightenment", which translates as a flash of sudden awareness, or individual enlightenmentKensho — "Seeing one's nature"Buddhist monasticism and laity
Disciple 声闻弟子ShengWenDiZi (sāvaka • śrāvaka)Male lay follower (忧婆塞 YouPoSai) (upāsaka) and Female lay follower (忧婆夷 YouPoYi) (upāsikā)Householder 在家弟子ZaiJiaDiZiDhammacārī — lay devotees who have seriously committed themselves to Buddhist practice for several yearsAnāgārika — lay attendant of a monk近侍Jisha (Japan), JinShi (chinese) — personal attendant of a monastery's abbot or teacher in Chan/Zen BuddhismNgagpa — non-monastic male practitioners of such disciplines as Vajrayana, shamanism, Tibetan medicine, Tantra and DzogchenThilashin — Burmese Buddhist female lay renunciantMae ji — Buddhist laywomen in Thailand occupying a position somewhere between that of an ordinary lay follower and an ordained monkLower ordination (pabbajja • pravrajya)Novice monk (sāmaṇera • śrāmaṇera)Novice nun (samaṇerī • śrāmaṇerī)Higher ordination (upasampadā)Monk (bhikkhu • bhikṣu)Nun (bhikkhunī • bhikṣuṇī)Titles for Buddhist teachersGeneralAcariya (Ācārya) — teacherUpajjhaya (Upādhyāya) — preceptorPandita — a learned master, scholar or professor in Buddhist philosophyBhante — Venerable Sirin Theravadain Southeast AsiaAyya — commonly used as a veneration in addressing or referring to an ordained Buddhist nunin ThailandAjahn — Thai term which translates as teacherLuang Por — means "venerable father" and is used as a title for respected senior Buddhist monasticsin BurmaSayādaw — a Burmese senior monk of a monasteryin China和尚，Heshang — high-ranking or highly virtuous Buddhist monk; respectful designation for Buddhist monks in general僧侣，SengLv — Monk住持，ZhuChi — Abbot禅师，ChanShi — Chan/Zen Master法师，FaShi — Dharma Master律师，LvShi — Vinaya Master, teacher who focuses on the discipline and precepts开山祖师，KaiShanZuShi — founder of a school of Buddhism or the founding abbot of a Zen monastery比丘，BiQiu — transliteration of Bhikkhu比丘尼，BiQiuNi — transliteration of Bhikkhuni沙弥，ShaMi — transliteration of Samanera沙弥尼，ShaMiNi — transliteration of Samaneri尼姑，NiGu — Nun论师，LunShi — Abhidharma Master, one who is well versed in the psychology, thesis and higher teachings of buddhism师兄，ShiXiong — dharma brothers, used by laity to address each other, note that all male or female lay disciples are called 'Dharma Brothers'in JapanAjari — a Japanese term that is used in various schools of Buddhism in Japan, specifically Tendai and Shingon, in reference to a "senior monk who teaches students和尚 Oshō — high-ranking or highly virtuous Buddhist monk; respectful designation for Buddhist monks in generalin Zenin Japan开山 Kaisan — founder of a school of Buddhism or the founding abbot of a Zen monastery老师 Roshi — a Japanese honorific title used in Zen Buddhism that literally means "old teacher" or "elder master" and usually denotes the person who gives spiritual guidance to a Zen sangha先生 Sensei — ordained teacher below the rank of roshiZen master — individual who teaches Zen Buddhism to othersin KoreaSunim — Korean title for a Buddhist monk or Buddhist nunin Tibetan BuddhismGeshe — Tibetan Buddhist academic degree for monksGuruKhenpo — academic degree similar to that of a doctorate or Geshe. Khenpos often are made abbots of centers and monasteriesKhenchen — academic degree similar in depth to post doctorate work. Senior most scholars often manage many KhenposLama — Tibetan teacher of the DharmaRinpoche — an honorific which literally means "precious one"Tulku — an enlightened Tibetan Buddhist lama who has, through phowa and siddhi, consciously determined to take birth, often many times, in order to continue his or her Bodhisattva vowGautama Buddha — The Buddha, Siddhattha Gotama (Pali), Siddhārtha Gautama (Sanskrit), Śākyamuni (Sage of the Sakya clan), The Awakened One, The Enlightened One, The Blessed One, Tathāgata (Thus Come One, Thus Gone One)Sāriputta — Chief disciple, "General of the Dhamma", foremost in wisdomMahamoggallāna — Second chief disciple, foremost in psychic powersMonks
Ānanda — Buddha's cousin and personal attendantMaha Kassapa — Convener of First Buddhist CouncilAnuruddha — Half-cousin of the BuddhaMahakaccana — Foremost in teachingNanda — Half-brother of the BuddhaSubhutiPunnaUpali — Master of the VinayaNuns
Mahapajapati Gotami — Eldest nun, half-mother of BuddhaKhema — First great female disciple in powerUppalavanna — Second great female disciplePatacara — Foremost exponent of the Vinaya, the rules of monastic disciplineAnathapindika — Chief lay disciple, foremost disciple in generosityHatthaka of AlaviJivakaCitta — the foremost householder for explaining the TeachingCundaKhujjuttaraVelukandakiyaVisakhaRohiniSujataKondañña — the first ArahantAssaji — converted Sāriputta and MahamoggallānaBhaddiyaVappaMahanamaSamanera SumanaSamanera PanditaChanna — royal servant and head charioteer of Prince SiddharthaAngulimala — mass murderer turned saintKisa GotamiBuddhaghosa — 5th-century Indian Theravadin Buddhist commentator and scholar, author of the VisuddhimaggaMahinda — son of Emperor AshokaSanghamitta — daughter of Emperor AshokaNagarjuna — founder of the Madhyamaka schoolAryadeva — disciple of NagarjunaAsanga — exponent of the yogācāra schoolVasubandhuBuddhapālita — commentator on the works of Nagarjuna and AryadevaCandrakīrtiDharmakirtiAtishaDharmaraksitaNagasenaBodhidharmaDajian HuinengIngenJe TsongkhapaMilarepaLongchenpaMarpa LotsawaPadmasambhavaSakya PanditaPanchen LamaKarmapaDalai Lama1st Dalai Lama2nd Dalai Lama3rd Dalai Lama4th Dalai Lama5th Dalai Lama6th Dalai Lama7th Dalai Lama8th Dalai Lama9th Dalai Lama10th Dalai Lama11th Dalai Lama12th Dalai Lama13th Dalai Lama14th Dalai LamaSaichōKūkaiHōnenShinranDōgenEisaiNichirenThích Nhất HạnhThich Chan KhongThich Thiên ÂnThich Quang DucLedi SayadawMahāsī SayādawWebu SayadawU Ba KhinMother SayamagyiU PanditaS. N. GoenkaAjahn BuddhadasaAjahn ChahAjahn Maha BuaAjahn Mun BhuridattaAjahn ThateBalangoda Ananda MaitreyaHenepola GunaratanaK. Sri DhammanandaPiyadassi Maha TheraWalpola RahulaAjahn SumedhoBhikkhu BodhiThanissaro BhikkhuAjahn AmaroAjahn BrahmAjahn KhemadhammoÑāṇamoli BhikkhuÑāṇavīra TheraArthur LillieAyya KhemaBhikkhu AnalayoMuho NoelkeNyanatilokaNyanaponika TheraU DhammalokaAbhidharma (Abhidhamma)Buddhist anarchismBuddhist atomismBuddhism and the bodyBuddhologyEngaged BuddhismBuddhist economicsBuddhist eschatologyBuddhist ethicsBuddhism and abortionBuddhism and euthanasiaBuddhism and sexualityBuddhist views on masturbationLGBT topics and BuddhismBuddhism and evolutionFour imponderablesFourteen unanswerable questionsQuestions referring to the world: concerning the existence of the world in timeIs the world eternal?or not?or both?or neither?Questions referring to the world: concerning the existence of the world in spaceIs the world finite?or not?or both?or neither?Questions referring to personal experienceIs the self identical with the body?or is it different from the body?Questions referring to life after deathDoes the Tathagata exist after death?or not?or both?or neither?God in BuddhismHumanistic BuddhismBuddhist logicBuddhist mythologyReality in BuddhismBuddhist socialismAlmsAngo — three-month-long period of intense training for students of Zen BuddhismBuddhist architectureVihara — Buddhist monasteryWat — monastery temple in Cambodia, Thailand, Lanna or LaosThai temple art and architectureStupa — mound-like structure containing Buddhist relicsPagoda — tiered tower with multiple eaves common in China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and other parts of AsiaZendo — meditation hall in Zen BuddhismButsudan — shrineBuddhist artGreco-Buddhist artStanding BuddhaBuddhist poetryBuddhist musicBuddha statueColossal Buddha statuesTian Tan BuddhaKamakura Great BuddhaGrand Buddha at Ling ShanLeshan Giant BuddhaGifu Great BuddhaGreat BuddhaBuddhist calendarBuddhist clothesTricivara — Monastic robeAntaravasaka — Lower robeUttarasanga — Upper robeSangati — Outer robeBuddhist cuisineBuddhist vegetarianismDharaniDrubchen — traditional form of meditation retreat in Tibetan BuddhismFuneral (Buddhism)Buddhist holidaysVesak — birth, enlightenment (Nirvana), and passing away (Parinirvana) of Gautama BuddhaAsalha PujaMagha PujaUposatha — the Buddhist observance days, falling on the days of the full moon and new moon, when the monks gather to recite the Pātimokkha and lay people often visit monasteries and temples to undertake the eight preceptsKathina — festival which comes at the end of VassaKaichoKīla — three-sided peg, stake, knife, or nail like ritual implement traditionally associated with Indo-Tibetan BuddhismMandala — concentric diagram having spiritual and ritual significanceSand mandalaBuddhist prayer beads — MalaMantraOm mani padme humNamo AmituofoNam Myōhō Renge KyōOm tare tuttare ture svahaBuddhoNamo Tassa Bhagavato Arahato SammāsambuddhassaBuddhist view of marriageMudra — Symbolic or ritual gestureAñjali Mudrā — greeting gesture which consists of putting the palms together in front of the chestBuddhist musicPrayer wheelSarira — Buddhist relicsSesshin — period of intensive meditation (zazen) in a Zen monasteryBuddhist symbolismDharmacakra — Wheel of DhammaBhavacakra — Wheel of BecomingBuddhist flagEnsō — Symbol in Zen symbolizing enlightenment, strength, elegance, the Universe, and the voidThangkaTree of physiologyAshtamangalaVajra — short metal weapon that has the symbolic nature of a diamondVassa — Rains retreatThe Four Main SitesLumbini — Buddha's birthplaceMaya Devi TempleBodh Gaya — Buddha's place of EnlightenmentMahabodhi TempleBodhi TreeSarnath — Place of Buddha's first discourseKushinagar — Place of Buddha's final passing awayFour Additional SitesSravastiRajgirSankassaVaishaliOther SitesPatnaGayaKosambiMathuraKapilavastuDevadahaKesariyaPavaNalandaVaranasiLater SitesSanchiRatnagiriElloraAjanthaBharhutBuddhism and scienceBuddhism and psychologyBuddhism and TheosophyBuddhism and other religionsBuddhism and Eastern religionsBuddhism and HinduismBuddhism and JainismBuddhism and ChristianityBuddhist-Christian StudiesParallels between Buddha and JesusBuddhism and GnosticismGautama Buddha in world religionsAccess to Insight — Readings in Theravada Buddhism websiteAnuradhapuraMahaviharaAbhayagiri ViharaAsceticismAshoka the GreatBasic points unifying Theravāda and MahāyānaBodhimanda (Bodhimandala)Bodhisatta — a future Buddha, one destined to attain unsurpassed perfect enlightenment; specifically, it is the term the Buddha uses to refer to himself in the period prior to his enlightenment, both in past lives and in his last life before he attained enlightenmentBodhisattvaAkasagarbhaAvalokiteśvara (Guan Yin)Guan YuKsitigarbhaMahasthamapraptaMaitreya — Future Buddha, successor of Gautama BuddhaManjusri — the bodhisattva associated with wisdom, doctrine and awarenessNioSamantabhadraShantidevaSitatapatraSkandaSupushpachandraSuryaprabhaTaraVajrapaniVasudharaBorobudur — ninth-century Mahayana Buddhist Monument in Magelang, IndonesiaBrahmā — according to the brahmins, the supreme personal deity, but in the Buddha's teaching, a powerful deity who rules over a high divine state of existence called the brahma world; more generally, the word denotes the class of superior devas inhabiting the form realmBrahmacharya — the Holy LifeBudai or Hotei — the obese Laughing Buddha, usually seen in ChinaBuddhasGautama BuddhaDipankara BuddhaKakusandha BuddhaKassapa BuddhaPadumuttara BuddhaAdi-BuddhaAmitābha — the principal Buddha in the Pure Land sectMedicine BuddhaBuddhas of BamyanBuddhavacana — the Word of the BuddhaBuddhist calendarBuddhist Initiation Ritual — a public ordination ceremony wherein a lay student of Zen Buddhism receives certain Buddhist precepts, "a rite in which they publicly avow allegiance to 'The Three Refuges' of Buddhist practice: The Buddha, the Dharma and the SanghaBuddhist Publication Society — a charity whose goal is to explain and spread the doctrine of the BuddhaBuddhist studiesCambridge Buddhist AssociationChakravartin — Wheel-turning MonarchCritical BuddhismDalit Buddhist movementDeva — a deity or god; the beings inhabiting the heavenly worlds, usually in the sense-sphere realm but more broadly in all three realmsDhammakayaWat Phra DhammakayaDhammakaya MovementDhammakaya meditationDharma nameDharma talkDharma transmissionDiamond Way BuddhismDipavamsaEight Thoughts of a Great ManThis Dhamma is for one who wants little, not for one who wants much.This Dhamma is for the contented, not for the discontented.This Dhamma is for the secluded, not for one fond of society.This Dhamma is for the energetic, not for the lazy.This Dhamma is for the mindful, not for the unmindful.This Dhamma is for the composed, not for the uncomposed.This Dhamma is for the wise, not for the unwise.This Dhamma is for one who is free from impediments, not for one who delights in impedimentsEmpowermentEuropean Buddhist UnionFive Dhyani BuddhasVairocanaAkshobhyaAmitābhaRatnasambhavaAmoghasiddhiFive Pure LightsFoundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana TraditionFriends of the Western Buddhist OrderGandhabbaGandhāran Buddhist TextsGlossary of Japanese BuddhismHinayana — "Inferior vehicle", often interpreted as a pejorative term used in Mahayana doctrine to refer to the early Buddhist schoolsIcchantikaInkaInternational Buddhist CollegeJambudvipa — lit., "rose-apple island," the Indian subcontinentJetavanaKalachakraKalpa (aeon) — an aeon or cosmic cycle, the period of time it takes for a world system to arise, evolve, dissolve, and persist in a state of disintegration before a new cycle beginsKanthaka — Prince Siddhartha's favourite white horseKegonKing AjatasattuKing BimbisaraKing MilindaKing PasenadiKosalaKwan Um School of ZenLaughing BuddhaLife release - Practice of saving the lives of beings destined for slaughterLineageLiturgical languagesin TheravadaPāḷiin MahayanaSanskritBuddhist Hybrid SanskritLuang PrabangMahasati meditationMahavamsaMāra — "The Evil One" or "Tempter"; a malevolent deity who tries to prevent people from practicing the Dhamma and thereby escaping the round of rebirthsKlesa-māra, or Māra as the embodiment of all unskillful emotionsMrtyu-māra, or Māra as death, in the sense of the ceaseless round of birth and deathSkandha-māra, or Māra as metaphor for the entirety of conditioned existenceDevaputra-māra, or Māra the son of a deva (god), that is, Māra as an objectively existent being rather than as a metaphorMedicine BuddhaMonasteriesAngkor WatPhra Pathom ChediShaolin MonasteryShwedagon PagodaWat Phra DhammakayaWat Phra KaewWat Phrathat Doi SuthepNāga — the Serpent KingNikāyaNikaya BuddhismNoble SilencePali Text SocietyPerfection of Wisdom SchoolPersecution of BuddhistsPhra Pathom ChediPreachingPurity in BuddhismRamifications of the Buddha conceptSaddhamma — True DhammaSakka — the King of godsSamaṇaSix samanaPurana KassapaMakkhali GosalaAjita KesakambaliPakudha KaccayanaNigaṇṭha Nātaputta (Mahavira)Sanjaya BelatthaputtaSamāpatti — correct acquisition of TruthSāsana — DispensationShakya — ancient kingdom of Iron Age India, Siddhartha Gautama's clanShambhala BuddhismSouthern, Eastern and Northern BuddhismSumeru — central world-mountain in Buddhist cosmologySutraThe birth of Buddha (Lalitavistara)The Path to NirvanaThree Ages of BuddhismThree Turnings of the Wheel of DharmaTriratna Buddhist CommunityTrue Buddha SchoolTwo foremost teachers (two persons which one can never pay back gratitude-debts in full)One's motherOne's fatherVipassana movementWomen in BuddhismWorld Buddhist Sangha CouncilWorld Fellowship of BuddhistsYakkha — a broad class of nature-spirits, usually benevolent, who are caretakers of the natural treasures hidden in the earth and tree rootsYama — King of DeathYana — VehicleŚrāvakayāna — the hearer vehiclePratyekayana — the individual vehicleBodhisattvayānaYoung Buddhist AssociationYoung Men's Buddhist AssociationZabuton — rectangular meditation cushionZafu — round meditation cushionGlossary of BuddhismIndex of Buddhism-related articlesList of BuddhasList of the twenty-eight BuddhasList of Buddha claimantsList of bodhisattvasList of BuddhistsList of modern scholars in Buddhist studiesList of suttasin TheravadaList of Digha Nikaya suttasList of Majjhima Nikaya suttasList of Samyutta Nikaya suttasList of Anguttara Nikaya suttasList of Khuddaka Nikaya suttasin MahayanaMahayana sutrasList of books related to BuddhismList of Buddhist templesBuddhist temples in JapanList of Buddhist temples in KyotoKorean Buddhist templesList of Buddhist Architecture in ChinaList of Buddhist temples in ThailandList of writers on BuddhismBuddha games list 
