Tyumen Oblast

Geography

The total territory is 160,100 km². The Tyumen Region was founded in August 14, 1944. Tyumen Region includes two autonomous okrugs of the : Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous okrug–the Yugra and Yamalo-Nenetsk autonomous okrug – which are fully legitimate constituents of the. The territory is located in the basin of the river. The biggest rivers are the Tura, the Tobol, the, the Pyshma, the Iset and the Tavda. The hydro-geographical system is characterized with the prevalence of small rivers as well as the significant bogginess of their catchment areas and numerous lakes.

Climate

The area has the extreme climatic conditions in most parts of the territory - the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Beloyarsky and Berezovsky areas of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra refer to the Far North and other areas and urban districts of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District and Uvat area equated to them.

The climate is arctic, sub-arctic and temperate in the north - in the center and south. The average January temperature ranges from -17 ° C in the region of Tyumen to -27 ° C in the north. The duration of the frost period is 130 Tyumen to 210 days a year or more in the tundra region.

hydrology

GidrologiyaPo the region takes place more than 70 thousand watercourses length of more than 10 km of the total length of 584,400 km. The largest area of the river - Ob(185 cu km / yr) and Irtysh (36.5 cu km / yr) - are navigable value. In the region there are about 70 thousand lakes. In the north and in the central part of the widespread thermokarst lakes and marsh in the south - salted stagnant ponds in the depressions.

Ecology

The Red Book of the Tyumen region listed 711 rare and endangered species. In the list of specially protected areas of the south region there are 99 sites, including one international and three federal.

Timezone

yumenskaya area is in the time zone Ekaterinburg time. Displacement concerning UTC makes +5: 00. Concerning Moscow time the time zone has constant displacement +2 hours and is designated in Russia correspondingly as MSK + 2. Ekaterinburg time for most of the Tyumen region is different from the lap time by one hour, to a lesser (western) part, including the city of Tyumen, - for two hours.

fauna and flora

there are variety of fauna and flora in this region. In the northern part can be found ptarmigan, walrus and Arctic fox. Polar bears also occur in the extreme north; the genetic make-up of this Polar bear sub-population is genetically distinct from other circumpolar regions.

Politics

During the Soviet period, the high authority in the oblast was shared between three persons: The first secretary of the Tyumen CPSU Committee (who in reality had the biggest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the Chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power). Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Oblast administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside elected regional parliament.

The politics in the oblast is governed by the Charter of Tyumen Oblast. The laws within the authority of the oblast are passed by the Legislative Assembly of Tymen Oblast which is the legislative (representative) body. The highest executive body is the Tyumen Oblast Administration. It also includes the executive bodies of the subdivisions such as districts, and is responsible for the daily administration. The Oblast administration supports the activities of the Governor who is the head of the oblast and acts as guarantor of the observance of the Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia.

Economy

Tyumen is a service center for gas and oil industries: the Oblast has the highest level of oil and gas production of any region in Russia Gazprom, LUKoil and Gazpromneft, TNK-BP, Shell (Salym Petroleum Development N.V.) have representative offices . Tyumen It has been suggested that the importance of these industries has caused the high levels of economic inequality observed in the region.

Agriculture

The Tyumen region produces milk, meat, eggs, potatoes and vegetables.

Transport infrastructure

Transport is presented by the motor, railway, aviation and river communication system. The railway takes the leading position in freight traffic .

The river port is also a cargo center and a link between rail, road and air transport .

Roshchino International Airport is undergoing construction as of 2017, with development of a new terminal .

Demographics

Population: 3,395,755 (2010 Census); 3,264,841 (2002 Census); 3,080,621 (1989 Census).

There were thirty-six recognized ethnic groups of more than two thousand persons each in Tyumen Oblast, making this one of the most multicultural oblasts in Russia. The national composition at the time of the 2010 Census was:

Vital Statistics for 2011:

2009 - 1.78 | 2010 - 1.81 | 2011 - 1.83 | 2012 - 1.99 | 2013 - 2.00 | 2014 - 2.07 | 2015 - 2.07 | 2016 - 2.01(e)

Religion

According to a 2012 official survey 28.9% of the population of Tyumen Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 9% is an Orthodox Christian believer without belonging to any church or is a member of other (non-Russian) Orthodox Churches, 4% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 1% are members of Protestant churches. 6% of the population is composed of Muslims, 2% are adherents of the Slavic native faith (Rodnovery), and 0.4% to forms of Hinduism (Vedism, Krishnaism or Tantrism). In addition, 34% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 11% is atheist, and 3.7% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.

Honors

A minor planet 2120 Tyumenia discovered in 1967 by Soviet astronomer Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova is named after Tyumen Oblast.