Country Russia Economic region West Siberian Area 750,300 km² | Established December 10, 1930 Area rank 6th | |
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Points of interest GBU YaNAO "Yamalo, Polyaris, Dom Prirody, MUZEYNYY RESURSNYY TsENTR, Novy Urengoy City Muse Destinations | ||
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russian: Яма́ло-Не́нецкий автоно́мный о́круг, Yamalo-Nenetsky Avtonomny Okrug; Nenets: Ямалы-Ненёцие автономной ӈокрук, Jamaly-Nenjocije awtonomnoj ñokruk) is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). Its administrative center is the town of Salekhard, and its largest city is Noyabrsk. Population: 522,904 (2010 Census).
Contents
- Map of Yamalo Nenets Autonomous Okrug Russia
- Geography and natural history
- History
- Demographics
- Vital statistics
- Regional demographics for 2008 Jan Oct
- Ethnic groups
- Religion
- Economy
- References
Map of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia
Geography and natural history
The Nenets people are an indigenous tribe that have long survived in this region. Their prehistoric life involved subsistence hunting and gathering, including the taking of polar bears; the practice of hunting polar bears (Ursus maritimus) continues up to the present time.
Yamalo-Nenetsky Avtonomny Okrug is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude.
History
On December 10, 1930, Yamal (Nenets) National Okrug (Ямальский (Ненецкий) национальный округ) was formed based on Ural Oblast.
Demographics
Population: 522,904 (2010 Census); 507,006 (2002 Census); 486,164 (1989 Census).
Vital statistics
Source: Russian Federal State Statistics ServiceRegional demographics for 2008 (Jan-Oct)
Source
Ethnic groups
The Nenets make up 5.9% of the population, preceded by ethnic Russians (61.7%), Ukrainians (9.7%), and followed by Tatars (5.6%). Other prominent ethnic groups include Belarusians (1.3%), Khants (1.9%), Azerbaijanis (1.8%), Bashkirs (1.7%), Komi (1%), and Moldovans (0.9%) (all figures are from the 2010 Census). Due to the area's oil and natural gas wealth, it is one of the few places in Russia where the ethnic Russian population is growing.
Religion
According to a 2012 survey 42.2% of the population of Yamalia adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 14% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 1% are believers in Orthodox Christianity who don't belong to any church, 1% are members of the Slavic neopaganism (Rodnovery) or practitioners of local shamanic religions, 1% are members of Protestant churches; Muslims, mostly Caucasian peoples and Tatars, make up 18% of the total population. In addition, 14% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 8% is atheist, and 0.8% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.
Economy
Yamalo-Nenetsky Avtonomny Okrug is Russia's most important source of natural gas, with more than 90% of Russia's natural gas being produced there. The region also accounts for 12% of Russia's oil production. The region is of utmost importance to Russia's largest company Gazprom, whose main production fields are located there. Novatek – the country's second largest gas producer – is also active in the region, with its headquarteres located in Tarko-Sale.