Timeline of Frankfurt

Prior to 19th century

843 CE - City becomes capital of East Francia.

1180 - Staufenmauer built.

1241 - Judenschlacht.

1333 - City expands.

1349 - Judenschlacht.

1360 - Schützenverein Frankfurt-Höchst (militia) formed.

1370 - Public clock installed (approximate date).

1372

Free City of Frankfurt becomes part of Holy Roman Empire.

City buys forest from Charles IV.

1405 - Römer converted into city hall.

1428 - Eschenheimer Turm built.

1462 - Frankfurter Judengasse established.

1493 - Passion play begins.

1531 - Printing press in operation.

1581 - Rumpolt's cookbook published.

1585 - Bourse established.

1648 - Peace of Westphalia confirms Frankfurt as an Imperial Free City.

1681 - St. Catherine's Church built.

1719 - Fire.

1739 - Palais Thurn und Taxis built.

1742 - The Palais Barckhaus at Zeil in Frankfurt serves as residence of Emperor Charles VII until 1744

1748 - Gebrüder Bethmann formed.

1750 - Mainzer Landstraße built.

1759 - January: City occupied by French.

1774 - Botanical garden laid out.

1790 - 9 October: Coronation of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor.

1792 - City occupied by French.

19th century

1806

City occupied by French.

City becomes Principality of Frankfurt, under Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg.

1808 - Frankfurter Opern- und Museumsorchester (orchestra) established.

1810 - City becomes part of Grand Duchy of Frankfurt.

1812 - City refortified.

1815 - Städel founded.

1816 - Free City of Frankfurt becomes part of German Confederation.

1829 - Frankfurter Kunstverein founded.

1833

Frankfurter Wachensturm.

Paulskirche built.

1839 - Taunus Railway begins operating.

1843 - Alte Börse (Frankfurt am Main) (stock exchange) built.

1846 - International Penitentiary Congress held in Frankfurt.

1848

September: "Uprising."

Frankfurt Assembly formed.

1849 - Constitution of the German Empire proclaimed by Frankfurt Parliament.

1856 - Frankfurter Zeitung begins publication.

1858 - Frankfurt Zoological Garden founded.

1859 - Frankfurt City Link Line begins operating.

1861 - Population: 71,462.

1863 - Federation of German Workers Associations founded in Frankfurt.

1866 - City becomes part of Hesse-Nassau, Prussia.

1867 - Frankfurt Cathedral rebuilt.

1868 - Eiserner Steg (bridge) built.

1871

Treaty of Frankfurt signed.

Palmengarten opens.

1872 - Trams begin operating.

1875 - Population: 103,136.

1878 - Dr. Hoch’s Konservatorium - Musikakademie founded.

1879 - Kleinmarkthalle Frankfurt (market) opens.

1880 - Alte Oper inaugurated.

1881 - Metallgesellschaft founded.

1886 - Frankfurter Friedensverein (peace group) organized.

1895

Bockenheim becomes part of city.

Stempel Type Foundry established.

Population: 229,279.

1897 - Frankfurt Motor Show begins.

1900s-1940s

1904 - Museum der Weltkulturen founded.

1905 - Population: 334,978.

1909

Städtische Galerie Liebieghaus established.

Festhalle built.

1914 - University of Frankfurt established.

1919 - Population: 433,002.

1923 - Institute for Social Research founded.

1925 - Husarendenkmal (Frankfurt am Main) (monument) installed.

1926 - Alte Brücke (Frankfurt am Main) (bridge) rebuilt.

1928

Höchst becomes part of city.

Großmarkthalle built.

Population: 551,200.

1929

Frankfurt Radio Symphony Orchestra formed.

Holy Cross Church built.

1930 - IG Farben Building constructed.

1931 - Frankfurter Volksbank Stadion opens.

1934 - Adlerwerke vorm. Heinrich Kleyer established.

1936

Frankfurt Airport opens.

Grüneburgpark opens.

1938 - Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts founded.

1944 - Bombing begins.

1945

July: American zone of Allied-occupied Germany headquartered in Frankfurt.

Frankfurter Rundschau begins publication.

1946 - Eschwege displaced persons camp set up.

1948

Hessischer Rundfunk begins broadcasting.

Bank deutscher Länder headquartered in Frankfurt.

1949

Frankfurt Book Fair resumes.

Deutsches Institut für Filmkunde founded.

Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.

1950s-1990s

1951 - Opern- und Schauspielhaus Frankfurt built.

1953 - Population: 600,579.

1954 - Goethe House opens.

1955 - Frankfurt Egelsbach Airport opens.

1957 - Deutsche Bundesbank headquartered in Frankfurt.

1958

Noor Mosque built.

Museum für Kommunikation Frankfurt and Cinema Kino open.

1959 - Justizvollzugsanstalt Frankfurt am Main IV (prison) begins operating.

1960

Sigmund-Freud-Institut founded.

City twinned with Lyon, France.

1963 - Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials begin.

1966 - City twinned with Birmingham, United Kingdom.

1967 - City twinned with Deuil-La Barre, France.

1968 - Frankfurt U-Bahn begins operating.

1970

Peace Research Institute Frankfurt and Frankfurter Autoren Theater[1] founded.

City twinned with Milan, Italy.

1974 - City-Haus built.

1978

Rhine-Main S-Bahn begins operating.

Historic Railway museum founded.

1979

Europaturm built.

Titanic magazine begins publication.

City twinned with Cairo, Egypt.

1980 - City twinned with Tel Aviv, Israel.

1981

Frankfurt Marathon begins.

Museum für Moderne Kunst founded.

1984 - German Architecture Museum opens.

1987 - Neues Theater Höchst founded.

1988 - City twinned with Guangzhou, China.

1989

City hosts Bundesgartenschau (garden show).

City twinned with Toronto, Canada.

1990 - City twinned with Budapest, Hungary, and Prague, Czech Republic.

1991

Andreas von Schoeler becomes mayor.

City twinned with Granada, Nicaragua, Kraków, Poland, and Leipzig.

1992 - Institut für Stadtgeschichte (Frankfurt am Main) (Institute for City History) established.

1993

Westendstrasse 1 built.

Deutsche Börse headquartered in Frankfurt.

1994 - European Monetary Institute headquartered in Frankfurt.

1995

Deutscher Commercial Internet Exchange founded.

Petra Roth becomes mayor.

1996 - City website online (approximate date).

1998 - European Central Bank headquartered in Frankfurt.

1999 - Main Tower built.

21st century

2000

Museum Giersch opens.

Population: 646,550.

2001 - Cinestar Metropolis (movie theatre) in business.

2002 - Köln–Frankfurt high-speed rail line begins operating.

2003

Bikeshare program launched.

Adorno-Denkmal (monument) installed.

2005

Wikimania conference held in city.

2007

Centre for Christian Meditation and Spirituality of the Diocese of Limburg in the Holy Cross Church in Bornheim founded.

City twinned with Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

2009 - Zeil renovated.

2011 - City twinned with Yokohama, Japan.

2012

Peter Feldmann becomes mayor.

2013 - City twinned with Eskişehir, Turkey.

2014 - Population: 714,241.

2015

Economic unrest.[2]

City twinned with Philadelphia, United States.