Type Semi-private Phone +41 22 908 57 00 Director Philippe Burrin Academic staff 66 | Established 1927 Total enrollment 897 (2016) Founded 1927 | |
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Former names The Graduate Institute of International Studies (1927–2007) Students 838 (78% international) Undergraduate tuition and fees 1,500 CHF (2011), International tuition: 2,500 CHF (2011) Notable alumni Kofi Annan, Patricia Espinosa, Micheline Calmy‑Rey, Hernando de Soto Polar, Shara L Aranoff Similar University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, University of St Gallen, École Polytechnique Fédérale, Geneva Academy of Internat Profiles | ||
The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (French: Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement, abbreviated IHEID or the Graduate Institute Geneva) is a post-graduate university located in Geneva, Switzerland.
Contents
- History
- Recent merger
- Academics
- Ranking
- Master of Arts in International Affairs MIA
- Master of Arts in Development Studies MDEV
- Disciplinary Master of Arts MA
- Master of Law in International Law LLM
- Doctorate PhD
- Executive masters
- Partnerships
- Campus
- Maison de la paix
- Historic villas
- Campus expansion
- Research
- Programmes and research centres
- Affiliated programmes and initiatives
- Publications
- Legal status
- Foundation Board
- Administration
- Nobel laureates
- Heads of state
- Members of parliament and public servants
- Public policy
- References
In academic and professional circles, the school is considered one of Europe's most prestigious institutions. The institution counts ambassadors, foreign ministers, heads of state, one UN Secretary-General (Kofi Annan), seven Nobel prize recipients, and one Pulitzer Prize winner among its alumni, current and former faculty. The school is a full member of the APSIA, a group of the world's top schools in international affairs, and is accredited by the Swiss government as an independent academic institution.
Founded in 1927, the Graduate Institute is continental Europe's oldest school of international relations and was the first university dedicated solely to the study of international affairs. It offered one of the first doctoral programs in international relations in the world. In 2008, the Graduate Institute absorbed the Graduate Institute of Development Studies, a smaller post-graduate institution also based in Geneva founded in 1961. The merger resulted in the current Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.
Today the school is a small, highly selective institution with about 800 graduate students from over 100 countries. International students make up nearly 80% of the student body and the school is officially a bilingual English-French institution, although the majority of classes are in English. Its campuses are located blocks from the United Nations headquarters in Europe with Maison de la Paix acting as the primary seat of learning. It runs joint degree programmes with Harvard Kennedy School and Yale University.
History
The Graduate Institute of International Studies was co-founded in 1927 by two scholar–diplomats working for the League of Nations Secretariat: the Swiss William Rappard, Director of the Mandates Section, and the Frenchman Paul Mantoux, Director of the Political Section. A bilingual institution like the League, it was to train personnel for the nascent international organization. Its co-founder, Rappard, served as Director from 1928 to 1955.
The Institute's original mandate was based on a close working relationship with both the League of Nations and the International Labour Organization. It was agreed that in exchange for training staff and delegates, the Institute would receive intellectual resources and diplomatic expertise (guest lecturers, etc.) from the aforementioned organizations. According to its statutes, the Graduate Institute was "an institution intended to provide students of all nations the means of undertaking and pursuing international studies, most notably of a historic, judicial, economic, political and social nature."
The institute managed to attract a number of eminent faculty and lecturers, particularly from countries mired in oppressive Nazi regimes, e.g., Hans Wehberg and Georges Scelle for law, Maurice Bourquin for diplomatic history, and the rising young Swiss jurist, Paul Guggenheim. Indeed, it is said that William Rappard had observed, ironically, that the two men to whom the Institute owed its greatest debt were Mussolini and Hitler. Subsequently, more noted scholars would join the Institute's faculty. Hans Kelsen, the well-known theorist and philosopher of law, Guglielmo Ferrero, Italian historian, and Carl Burckhardt, scholar and diplomat all called the Graduate Institute home. Other arrivals, similarly seeking refuge from dictatorships, included the eminent free market economy historian, Ludwig von Mises, and another economist, Wilhelm Ropke, who greatly influenced German postwar liberal economic policy as well as the development of the theory of a social market system.
After a number of years, the Institute had developed a system whereby cours temporaires were given by prominent intellectuals on a week, semester, or yearlong basis. These cours temporaires were the intellectual showcase of the Institute, attracting such names as Raymond Aron, René Cassin, Luigi Einaudi, John Kenneth Galbraith, G. P. Gooch, Gottfried Haberler, Friedrich von Hayek, Hersch Lauterpacht, Lord McNair, Gunnar Myrdal, Harold Nicolson, Philip Noel Baker, Pierre Renouvin, Lionel Robbins, Jean de Salis, Count Carlo Sforza, Jacob Viner, and Martin Wight.
Another cours temporaire professor, Montagu Burton Professor of International Relations at Oxford University, Sir Alfred Zimmern, left a particularly lasting mark on the Institute. As early as 1924, while serving on the staff of the International Council for intellectual Cooperation in Paris, Zimmern began organizing international affairs summer schools under the auspices of the University of Geneva, 'Zimmern schools', as they became known. The initiative operated in parallel with the early planning for the launch of the Graduate Institute and the experience acquired by the former helped to shape the latter.
Despite its small size, (before the 1980s the faculty never exceeded 25 members), the Institute boasts four faculty members who have received Nobel Prizes for economics - Gunnar Myrdal, Friedrich von Hayek, Maurice Allais, and Robert Mundell. Three alumni have been Nobel laureates.
For a period of almost thirty years (1927–1954) the school was funded predominantly through the support of the Rockefeller Foundation. Since then the Canton of Geneva and the Swiss Federal Council bear most of the costs associated with the Institute. This transfer of financial responsibility coincided with the 1955 arrival of William Rappard's successor as Director of the Institute, Lausanne historian Jacques Freymond. Freymond inaugurated a period of great expansion, increasing the range of subjects taught and the number of both students and faculty, a process that continued well after his retirement in 1978. Under Freymond's tenure, the Graduate Institute hosted many international colloquia that discussed preconditions for east-west negotiations, relations with China and its rising influence in world affairs, European integration, techniques and results of politico-socioeconomic forecasting (the famous early Club of Rome reports, and the Futuribles project led by Bertrand de Jouvenel), the causes and possible antidotes to terrorism, Pugwash Conference concerns and much more. Freymond's term also saw many landmark publications, including the Treatise on international law by Professor Paul Guggenheim and the six-volume compilation of historical documents relating to the Communist International.
The parallel history of the Graduate Institute of Development Studies (French: Institut universitaire d’études du développement, IUED) also involves Freymond, who founded the institution in 1961 as the Institut Africain de Genève, or African Institute of Geneva. The Graduate Institute of Development Studies was among the pioneer institutions in Europe to develop the scholarly field of sustainable development. The school was also known for the critical view of many of its professors on development aid, as well as for its journal, the Cahiers de l'IUED It was at the center of a huge international network.
Recent merger
In 2008, the Graduate Institute of International Studies (HEI), absorbed the Graduate Institute of Development Studies (IUED), to create the current Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID).
Academics
Admission to the Graduate Institute's study programmes is highly competitive, with only 14% of applicants attending the Graduate Institute in 2014. The Institute awards its own degrees. It does not award undergraduate degrees.
Ranking
In Foreign Policy's 2014 Inside the Ivory Tower ranking of best international relations schools in the world, the Graduate Institute was one of five non-U.S. universities—with LSE, Oxford, Cambridge and Sciences Po Paris—to be included for best master's programs for policy career in international relations. In 2012, The Graduate Institute was listed among the Foreign Policy Association's "Top 50 International Affairs Graduate Programs." The LLM in international dispute settlement, offered jointly with the University of Geneva, was ranked second worldwide according to a 2012 survey of law firms conducted by the Global Arbitration Review.
Master of Arts in International Affairs (MIA)
The MIA program begins with a rigorous foundation in quantitative and qualitative methods and in the disciplines of the Institute. Interdisciplinary courses follow in three thematic tracks: Global and Regional integration; Security and Peace-building; and Civil Society and Transnational Issues. All students undertake independent interdisciplinary research towards a dissertation. Applied Research Seminars expose them to stakeholders beyond academia and develop skills to design and execute research projects in partnership with them. Specialized, interactive, hands-on workshops help enhance professional skills, while internships for credit allow students to develop work skills and experience.
Master of Arts in Development Studies (MDEV)
The Master of Arts in Development Studies is the Institute’s oldest interdisciplinary program. It aims to equip students aspiring to careers in development with the theoretical, policy, and practical skills to tackle the great development challenges of our time. MDEV combines training in quantitative and qualitative methods with disciplinary courses in Anthropology/Sociology, Economics, History, and Law, and a unique interdisciplinary approach to three critical areas: Conflict and Peace-building; Development and Sustainability; and Human and Social Development.
Disciplinary Master of Arts (MA)
Each of the Graduate Institute's five academic departments—International Relations & Political Science; International History; International Law; International Economics; and Anthropology & Sociology of Development—offers a disciplinary MA. It is a two-year program and students are expected to write a master's thesis.
The International Economics programme offers rigor.
Master of Law in International Law (LL.M.)
The LL.M. was introduced in 2012. Students have the opportunity to discuss legal problems in tutorials, develop their professional skills in practical workshops and write an LL.M. paper on a topic within their specialty stream. Moreover, LL.M. participants undertake real legal work for a client as part of a law clinic.
Doctorate (PhD)
PhD students specialize in one disciplinary field. PhD candidates who wish to carry out bi-disciplinary research choose a main discipline (a major) and a second discipline (a minor).
Executive masters
Executive education programs include masters in International Negotiation and Policy-Making, Development Policies and Practices, International Oil and Gas Leadership.
Partnerships
The Graduate Institute has established joint or dual degree programs with: the MPA program at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government; the LL.M. in Global Health Law program at the Georgetown University's Law Center; the BA program at Yale University's Jackson Institute for Global Affairs; the BA program at Peking University; the BA program at Smith College; the BA program at the University of Hong Kong, and with the University of Geneva's LL.M. program in International Dispute Settlement, LL.M. program in International Humanitarian Law, Master's program of Advanced Studies in Humanitarian Action and Master's in Asian Studies.
Apart from the dual/joint degree programs, students also have the option to spend an exchange semester at Georgetown Law School, Harvard Law School, Michigan Law School, UCLA School of Law, Boston University School of Law, Yale University, the Elliott School of International Affairs at George Washington University, the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University, School of International Service at American University in Washington D.C., the Josef Korbel School of International Studies at the University of Denver, Wellesley College, Sciences Po Paris - Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris, the Hertie School of Governance in Berlin, Bocconi University in Italy, Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli in Italy, the Graduate School of International Studies at Seoul National University, the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore, the Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies at Waseda University, University of Hong Kong, Tsinghua University, Fudan University, Peking University, KIMEP University, Gadjah Mada University, the School of International Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University, University of Malaya, the American University in Cairo, Boğaziçi University in Turkey, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, El Colegio de México, the University of Ghana, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Stellenbosch University, as well as the University of St. Gallen and ETH Zürich in Switzerland.
Furthermore, the Graduate Institute is an active member of the following associations and academic networks:
Campus
The Campus de la paix is a network of buildings extending from Place des Nations (the United Nations Headquarters in Geneva) to the shores of Lake Geneva, spanning two public parks -- Parc Barton and Parc Moynier.
Maison de la paix
The Graduate Institute's main campus is the Maison de la paix ("House of Peace"), which opened in 2013. The Maison de la Paix is a 38,000 meter-square glass building distributed into six connected sections. It contains the Davis Library, which holds 350,000 books about social sciences, journals and annual publications, making it one of Europe's richest libraries in the fields of development and international relations. It is named after two Institute alumni—Ambassador Shelby Cullom Davis and his wife Kathryn Davis, following the Davis' $10 million donation to the Institute. The neighboring Picciotto Student Residence was completed in 2012 and provides 135 apartments for students and visiting professors.
In addition to serving as the Institute's main campus, the Maison de la paix also houses policy centres and advocacy groups with close ties to the Institute such as the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF), the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP) the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining, Interpeace, the International Institute of Humanitarian Law, the World Business Council for Sustainable Development and the Gulf Research Center.
Historic villas
Another section of the campus are two historic villas situated by Lake Geneva, Villa Barton and Villa Moynier. Villa Barton served as the Institute's main campus for most of the school's history. It now mostly houses administrative staff. Villa Moynier, created in 2001 and which opened in October 2009, houses the Institute-based Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights. The building holds a symbolic significance as it was originally owned by Gustave Moynier, co-founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross, and subsequently used by the League of Nations and as the headquarters of the ICRC between 1933 and 1946.
Campus expansion
Expansion projects include the construction of the Portail des Nations (or Gate of Nations) near the Palace of Nations. The new building will house a series of conference rooms for students and host exhibitions on the role of Geneva in world affairs. The school has also partnered with the University of Geneva to open a center for international cooperation at the historic Castle of Penthes.
Research
The Institute's research activities are conducted both at fundamental and applied levels with the objective of bringing analysis to international actors, private or public, of main contemporary issues. These research activities are conducted by the faculty of the Institute, as part of their individual work, or by interdisciplinary teams within centres and programmes whose activity focus on these main fields:
Furthermore, IHEID is home to the Swiss Chair of Human Rights, the Curt Gasteyger Chair in International Security and Conflict Studies, the André Hoffmann Chair in Environmental Economics, the Pictet Chair in Environmental International Law, the Pictet Chair in Finance and Development, the Yves Oltramare Chair on Politics and Religion, and the Swiss Chair of International Humanitarian Law.
Programmes and research centres
The centres and programmes of the Institute distribute analysis and research that contributes to the analysis of international organisations headquartered in Geneva:
Affiliated programmes and initiatives
Publications
Legal status
IHEID is constituted as a Swiss private law foundation, Fondation pour les hautes études internationales et du développement, sharing a convention with the University of Geneva. This is a particular organizational form, because IHEID is constituted as a foundation of private law fulfilling a public purpose. In addition, the political responsibility for the Institute shared between the Swiss Confederation and the Canton of Geneva. Usually in Switzerland, it is the responsibility of the Cantons to run public universities, except for the Federal Institutes of Technology (ETHZ and EPFL). IHEID is therefore something like a hybrid institution, in-between the two standard categories.
Foundation Board
The Foundation Board is the administrative body of the Institute. It assembles academics, politicians, people of public life and practitioners. Jacques Forster (Vice President of the ICRC) is President of the Board. The vice-president is Isabelle Werenfels (senior researcher at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs). The Board includes among others: Carlos Lopes, currently UN Under Secretary General and Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Africa, Julia Marton-Lefèvre (former Director General of the International Union for Conservation of Nature), Joëlle Kuntz (journalist), and Yves Mény (president emeritus of the European University Institute in Florence).
Administration
The Institute is headed by Philippe Burrin and his deputy Elisabeth Prügl.