Name Annabhau Sathe Role Poet | Died July 18, 1969 | |
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Known for Novel Writer, Poet, Film Screenwriter Notable work Samyukta Maharashtra Movement Political party Communist Party of India Other names Sahitya-Samrat, Lokshahir, Annabhau, Sahityaratn, Jahadvikhyat, Sanyukt Maharashtra Janak ,Samyukta Maharashtra Shilpkar, Shildear, Agrni, Dinjanancha Sfurtidata | ||
Annabhau sathe
Dr. Tukaram Bhaurao Sathe (1 August 1920 – 18 July 1969), popularly known as Anna Bhau Sathe (Marathi pronunciation: [əɳːaːbʱaːu saːʈʰe]), was a social reformer, folk poet, and writer from Maharashtra, India. Sathe was a Dalit, born into the untouchable community, and his upbringing and identity were central to his writing and political activism. He is credited as a founding father of 'Dalit Literature' and played vital role in Samyukta Maharashtra Movement.
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He was influenced by Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj founder of Maratha Empire. He wrote songs about Shivaji Maharaj. He was one of early people from India who sung songs of Shivaji Maharaj crossing the boundaries of sea and land in Russia. He reached Russia on 14 September. He was invited by the Indo Soviet Cultural Society.
Lokshaheer annabhau sathe
Early life
Annabhau Sathe came from a Dalit family who migrated to Bombay in search of work. He had no formal education.
Writings
Sathe wrote 35 novels in the Marathi language. They include Fakira (1959), which is in its 19th edition and received a state government award in 1961. There are 15 collections of Sathe's short stories, of which a large number have been translated into many Indian and as many as 27 non-Indian languages. Besides novels and short stories, Sathe wrote a play, a travelogue on Russia, 12 screenplays, and 10 ballads in the Marathi powada style.
Sathe's use of folkloric narrative styles like powada and lavani helped popularise and make his work accessible to many communities. In Fakira, Sathe portrays Fakira, the protagonist, revolting against the rural orthodox system and British Raj to save his community from utter starvation. The protagonist and his community are subsequently arrested and tortured by British officers, and Fakira is eventually killed by hanging.
The urban environment of Bombay significantly influenced his writings, which depict it as a dystopian milieu. Aarti Wani describes two of his songs - "Mumbai Chi Lavani" (Song of Bombay) and "Mumbai cha Gurnikamgar" (Bombay's Mill-hand) - as depicting a city that is "rapacious, exploitative, unequal and unjust".
Politics
Sathe was initially influenced by communist ideology. Together with writers such as D. N. Gavankar and Amar Shaikh, he was a member of the Red Flag Cultural Squad (Lalbawata Kala Pathak), a tamasha theatrical troupe that challenged government thinking. It has been active in the 1940s and, according to Tevia Abrams, was "the most exciting theatrical phenomenon of the 1950s" before communism in India generally fragmented in the aftermath of independence. He was a significant figure also in the Indian People's Theatre Association, which was a cultural wing of the Communist Party of India, and in the Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, which sought the creation of a separate Marathi-speaking state through a linguistic division of the extant Bombay State.
Sathe shifted toward Dalit activism, following the teachings of B. R. Ambedkar, and used his stories to amplify the life experiences of Dalits and workers. In his inaugural speech at the first Dalit Sahitya Sammelan, a literary conference that he founded in Bombay in 1958, he said that "The earth is not balanced on the snake's head but on the strength of Dalit and working-class people," emphasising the importance of Dalit and working-class people in global structures. Unlike most Dalit writers of the period, Sathe's work was influenced by Marxism rather than Buddhism.
He said that "Dalit writers are entailed with the responsibility of liberating and shielding Dalits from the existing worldly and Hindu tortures as the long standing conventional beliefs cannot be destroyed instantly."
Legacy
Sathe has become an icon to Dalits, and especially the Mang caste. The Lokshahir Annabhau Sathe Development Corporation was established in 1985 to further the cause of the Mang people, and women in local branches of the Manavi Hakk Abhiyan (Human Rights Campaign, a Mang-Ambedkarite body) organise jayanti (processions) in his name and those of Ambedkar and Savitribai Phule. Political parties, such as the Indian National Congress and the Bharatiya Janata Party-Shiv Sena alliance, have attempted to appropriate his image as a means of drawing electoral support from the Mangs.
Sathe was commemorated with the issue of a special ₹4 postage stamp by India Post on 1 August 2002. Buildings have also been named after him, including the Lokshahir Annabhay Sathe Smarak in Pune and a flyover in Kurla.