Girish Mahajan (Editor)

Timeline of Aarhus

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Timeline of Aarhus

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Aarhus, Central Denmark Region, Denmark.

Contents

Viking Age

  • 750-800 - Aarhus is founded by the northern shore of the Aarhus River.
  • c. 900 - The first church, the Holy Trinity Church, is built during the reign of Frode, King of Jutland.
  • c. 900 - Gorm the Old fortifies Aarhus with ramparts.
  • 10th century - Harald Bluetooth strengthens and expands the ramparts.
  • 948 - First mention of Aarhus as the bishop of Aarhus Reginbrand attends the Synod of Ingelheim.
  • 988 - Diocese of Aarhus is dissolved.
  • 1035–42 - Harthacnut coins money stamped with the original name of Aarhus: "AROS".
  • 1043
  • Svend Estridsen gains support from Aros in war against Magnus the Good and a battle between the two are fought in the Bay of Aarhus.
  • Magnus the Good becomes ruler of Aarhus for a period and coins money inscribed "Magnus Konge, Lif-sig i Aros" in latin.
  • 1050 - Harald Hardrada attacks Aarhus and burns the settlement including the Holy Trinity Church.
  • 1060
  • Diocese of Aarhus is reestablished as Svend Estridsen divides the country in 8 bishopries.
  • Crypt church is constructed on the site of the former Holy Trinity Church and present day Church of Our Lady.

    • Middle Ages

  • 1080 - The crypt church is expanded and dedicated to Saint Nicholas.
  • 12th century
  • The bishopric begins collecting tithe.
  • The defensive ramparts are strengthened and a cobbled ring road built along it.
  • 1134 - The bishop of Aarhus Ulkil is killed at the Battle of Fotevik in support of King Niels.
  • 1180
  • Saint Nicholas Church mentioned as the first cathedral of Aarhus.
  • Niels of Aarhus dies and is buried in Aarhus.
  • 1191 - Peder Vognsen is appointed bishop by King Canute VI.
  • c. 1192 - Construction begins on Aarhus Cathedral on the burial site of Niels of Aarhus.
  • 1195 - Aarhus Cathedral School is mentioned for the first time. The school possibly predates the Aarhus Cathdral.
  • 13th century - Valdemar II builds a grain mill at Aarhus River and hand grinders are made illegal.
  • c. 1250 - Dominican monks are given Saint Nicholas Church which they tear down and begins construction on Church of Our Lady.
  • 1298 - King Eric VI grants the Diocese of Aarhus rent from the peasantry enlisted in leidang.
  • 1441 - Christopher of Bavaria ratifies existing market town privileges.
  • 1477 -
  • Christian I grants citizens of Aarhus rights to fisheries in Lillebælt, Kalø Vig and Jutland.
  • The defensive ramparts ringing the town since the Viking age are removed.
  • 1483 - King Hans ratifies that citizens of Aarhus are free of duties and may trade in all markets in Jutland.
  • 1496 - King Hans ratifies that citizens of Aarhus may use all fisheries in Jutland.

    • Renaissance 16th - 18th century

  • 1505 - King Hans establishes a four-mile exclusion zone around Aarhus within which only citizens may trade with farmers.
  • 1542 - Large fires break out destroying parts of present Indre By.
  • 1546 - Parts of the city burns down as fires breaks out.
  • 1556 - Large fires breaks out.
  • 1627-1629 - Aarhus is occupied by Albrecht von Wallenstein's troops on behest of Ferdinand II during the Thirty Years' War.
  • 1637 - Thors Mølle is constructed as a powder mill.
  • 1644-1645 - Occupation by Swedish troops during the Torstenson War
  • 1657 - Wooden city walls erected as octroi is introduced.
  • 1657-1659 - Aarhus is occupied during the Dano-Swedish wars of 1657–58 and 1658–60.
  • 1659
  • Aarhus is bombarded by 13 Swedish warships during the Dano-Swedish War of 1658–60.
  • Plague breaks out in the city. Nationwide a third of the population is killed.
  • 1662 - The medieval fiefs reformed into counties and Aarhus County is established.
  • 1672 - 3,474 inhabitants.
  • 1740 - New citizens council established, composed of the wealthiest citizens.
  • 1794 - Århus Stiftstidende is published for the first time.

    • 19th century

  • 1801 - 3,837 inhabitants.
  • 1830
  • Regular steamship links with Copenhagen begins.
  • Vennelystparken opens for the first time.
  • 1838 - Electoral rules changed to allow voting for the city council.
  • 1840
  • 7,087 inhabitants.
  • Harbor moved from the Aarhus river to the coast.
  • 1850 - The psychiatric hospital of Jydske Asyl opens.
  • 1849
  • Occupied by Prussian troops during the First Schleswig War.
  • The skirmish known as Rytterfægtningen is fought in the area of present-day Trøjborg.
  • Denmark gets constitution and new electoral laws. The greater half of citizens representatives to be elected by all citizens while the other half is elected by the highest taxed citizens.
  • 1851
  • Octroi abolished and the city walls removed.
  • 11,009 inhabitants.
  • 1854 - Frichs company is established.
  • 1856 - The Ceres Brewery is established.
  • 1862 - Jutland's first railway established between Aarhus and Randers.
  • 1864 - Aarhus is occupied by Prussian troops during the Second Schleswig War.
  • 1869 - Citizen Representation reformed to a city council with 19 members elected for 6 years. 10 members elected by all citizens, 9 by the highest taxed.
  • 1871
  • Aarhus Oliefabrik A/S is established.
  • Jyllands-Posten publishes its first paper.
  • 1873 - Cholera kills 213.
  • 1874 - Frederiksbjerg annexed.
  • 1875 - Aarhus Botanical Gardens is constructed.
  • 1876 - The Grenaa Line opens; connecting Aarhus to Grenå by rail.
  • 1880 - 24,831 inhabitants.
  • 1882 - Aarhus County Hospital founded.
  • 1883
  • Aarhus Butterine Company is established.
  • First public transportation in the form of horse drawn carriages.
  • 1884 - The rail line Odderbanen opens, connecting Aarhus to Odder.
  • 1893 - Aarhus Municipal Hospital is founded.
  • 1896
  • Korn- og Foderstof Kompagniet is established.
  • Marselisborg estate purchased.
  • Construction on Trøjborg begins.
  • 1900 - Aarhus Theatre is completed.

    • 20th century

  • 1901 - 51,814 inhabitants.
  • 1902
  • The State Library is finished. The historicist building was later repurposed as Erhvervsarkivet (The Corporate Archives) in 1948.
  • Marselisborg Palace is established.
  • 1906 - Frederik Ferdinand Salling opens the store that will eventually grow into Salling.
  • 1909
  • Aarhus hosts the National Exhibition of 1909.
  • Electoral periods for the city council changed to 4 years, privileged electoral system abolished and women given voting rights.
  • 1911 - 64,607 inhabitants.
  • 1912 - Den Gamle By is established.
  • 1913 - Marselisborg Hospital opens.
  • 1919 - First publicly elected mayor.
  • 1921 - 86,197 inhabitants.
  • 1925 - Mindeparken is established.
  • 1928
  • Aarhus University is opened.
  • Aarhus Sporveje is established.
  • 1929 - The Central Station is completed.
  • 1930 - 101,423 inhabitants.
  • 1931 - Spanien Public Baths opens.
  • 1932
  • Marselisborg Deer Park is established.
  • University Park is established.
  • 1933 - Den Permanente is established.
  • 1937 - The ring road of Ring 1 is finished.
  • 1940 - 126,459 inhabitants.

    • World War II

  • 10 April 1940 - Aarhus occupied by invading German troops.
  • 1941
  • The Aarhus City Hall by architect Hack Kampmann is completed.
  • The Royal Air Force bombs a viaduct in Viby.
  • 24 September 1942 - The Aarhus oil mill is bombed by the Royal Air Force.
  • 3 July 1943 - The resistance bombs and destroys the viaduct at Spanien.
  • 4 July 1944 - German barge loaded with ammunition explodes in the harbor killing 38.
  • 22 August 1944 – Aarhus Sporveje tram depot on Dalgas Avenue is blown up in an act of schalburgtage.
  • 10 October 1944 - German steamer Scharnhörn bombed by the resistance movement.
  • 30 September 1944 – Aarhus-Hallen is bombed killing 5 people.
  • 9 oktober 1944 – The Peter group destroys the building of the newspaper Demokraten.
  • 31 October 1944 - The Gestapo headquarters in Aarhus University is bombed by the Royal Air Force.
  • 11 November 1944 – Five buildings on Ryesgade are destroyed by the Peter group.
  • 12 November 1944 – Buildings in Søndergade 10-14, 23- 27, 29 and 58-60 are bombed.
  • 2 December 1944 – Aarhus Håndværkerforening is bombed killing 1 person.
  • 21 januar 1945 – Vennelyst Teateret (Vennelyst Theatre) in Vennelystparken is bombed.
  • 22 februar 1945 – The Peter group bombs Guldsmedgade, Nørregade, Ryesgade and Aarhus Theatre killing 8 people.
  • 13. marts 1945 – Risskovtoget (Risskov Train) is bombed killing two people.
  • 29 marts 1945 - Editor of Århus Stiftstidende Børge Schmidt is shot and killed in a clearing murder.
  • 5 May 1945 - Fighting between resistance fighters and German forces refusing surrender claims 15 lives.
  • 8 May 1945 - British troops enter and officially liberate Aarhus from German occupation.

    • Post-World War II

  • 1945 - Aarhus Flydedok is established.
  • 1948 - Erhvervsarkivet (The Corporate Archives) opens in the building formerly housing the State Library.
  • 1950
  • 153,546 inhabitants.
  • City management of Aarhus is changed to a Magistrate.
  • 1960
  • 177,234 inhabitants.
  • First direct elections of county council.
  • 1963 - The landmark State and University Library tower and building in yellow brick at the university campus is finished.
  • 1965 - The first Aarhus Festuge festival is held.
  • 1968 - Construction of the Gellerup Plan, a large modernist suburban satellite city, begins.
  • 1970
  • Aarhus Municipality is merged with a number of surrounding municipalities during the 1970 Danish Municipal Reform
  • 199,427 inhabitants.
  • 1975 - The anti-nuclear Smiling Sun logo is designed by the local group of Organisationen til Oplysning om Atomkraft.
  • 1977 - The first Moesgård Vikingetræf event is held.
  • 1979 - Machine manufacturing company Frichs, a large local employer, is declared bankrupt. Production in Aarhus was finally halted, after more than 125 years, in the 1980s.
  • 1983 - Gaffa is published for the first time.
  • 1987 - The ring road of Ring 2 opens.
  • 1988
  • University hospital Skejby Sygehus opens.
  • The afforestation of the New Forests of Aarhus is initiated.
  • 1989 - The first Aarhus International Jazz Festival.
  • 1990 - 200,188 inhabitants.
  • 1991
  • KaosPilots is founded by Uffe Elbæk.
  • Marselisborg Yacht Harbour opens
  • 1994 - The first SpoT Festival is held.
  • 2000 - 217,260 inhabitants.

    • 21st century

  • 2002
  • Louise Gade becomes the first woman and non-Social Democratic mayor of Aarhus.
  • The re-establishment of Årslev Engsø begins.
  • 2003 - The dockyard of Aarhus Flydedok closes after 58 years, following a bankruptcy.
  • 2005 - The nature sites of Hasle Hills and Skjoldhøjkilen are inaugurated.
  • 2006
  • The lake of Egå Engsø is created.
  • 228,674 inhabitants.
  • 2007
  • Construction begins on Aarhus Ø.
  • Aarhus County is dissolved and Aarhus becomes part of Central Denmark Region.
  • 2008 - The Ceres Brewery closed production in Aarhus after 152 years.
  • 2009
  • Sculpture by the Sea is held for the first time.
  • The first Northside Festival is held.
  • 2011
  • City council elects to change spelling from "Århus" to "Aarhus".
  • Aarhus University Hospital is created.
  • 2012
  • Aarhus Pride is held for the first time.
  • Construction begins on CeresByen.
  • 2013
  • 256,018 inhabitants.
  • Construction begins on Aarhus Letbane (Aarhus light rail)
  • 2014
  • The new Moesgård Museum (MOMU) opens.
  • New University Hospital (DNU) partly opens to become fully oprational in 2020.
  • 2015
  • Dokk1 opens.
  • Redevelopment of Frederiks Plads begins.

    • References

    Timeline of Aarhus Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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