TICAD Delegations are those attending the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), which is a conference held every five years in Japan with the objective "to promote high-level policy dialogue between African leaders and development partners." The first four of these conferences were held in Tokyo; and the fifth one was held in nearby Yokohama.
TICAD has been an evolving element in Japan's long-term commitment to fostering peace and stability in Africa through collaborative partnerships. The exchange of views amongst the conference delegates serves to underscore the case for more, not less assistance from the major world economies.
The TICAD conferences were intended to help to promote high-level policy dialogue amongst African leaders and their development partners.
TICAD-I discussed strategies for taking steps toward greater African stability and prosperity. This conference produced the "Tokyo Declaration on African Development."
Delegations from 48 African nations participated in the conference, including four heads of state:
Democratic and People's Republic of Algeria, Slim Tahar Debagha
People's Republic of Angola, Armando Mateus Cadete
Republic of Benin, Nicéphore Soglo, President -- Benin Head of State
Republic of Botswana, G.K.T. Chiepe
Burkina-Faso, Blaise Compaore, President -- Burkina Faso Head of State
Republic of Burundi, Bernard Ciza
Republic of Cameroon, Augustin Frederic Kodock
Republic of Cape Verde, José Tomás Wahnon de Carvalho Veiga
Central African Republic, Thierry Bingaba
Republic of Chad, Ibni Oumar Mahamat Saleh
Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros, Caabi El Yachrouti Mohamed
Republic of Congo, Benjamin Bounkoulou
Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, Daniel Kablan Duncan
Republic of Djibouti, Abdou Bolok Abdou
Arab Republic of Egypt, Said Rifaat
Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Faustino Nguema Esono
State of Eritrea, Haile Woldense
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Duri Mohammed
Gabonese Republic, Jean Mindoumbi
Republic of the Gambia, Bakary Bunja Dabo
Republic of Ghana, Jerry John Rawlings, President -- Ghana Head of State
Republic of Guinea, Ibrahima Sylla
Republic of Guinea-Bissau, Nelson Gomez Dias
Republic of Kenya, George Saitoti
Kingdom of Lesotho, Selometsi Baholo
Republic of Madagascar, Ramarozaka Maurice
Republic of Malawi, L.J. Chimango
Republic of Mali, Mahamar Oumar Maiga
Islamic Republic of Mauritania, Taki Ould Sidi
Republic of Mauritius, Nababsing Paramhamsa
Kingdom of Morocco, Rachidi El Rhezouani
Republic of Mozambique, Pascoal Manuel Mocumbi
Republic of Namibia, Hidipo L. Hamutenya
Republic of Niger, Abdoulkarimou Seyni
Federal Republic of Nigeria, Isaac Aluko-Olokun
Republic of Rwanda, Rucogoza Faustin
Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, Mateus Meira Rita
Republic of Senegal, Papa Ousmane Sakho
Republic of Seychelles, Danielle de St. Jorre
Republic of Sierra Leone, Karefa A.F. Kargbo
Kingdom of Swaziland, A.P. Mkhonza
United Republic of Tanzania, John Samuel Malecela
Republic of Togo, Yanja Yenchabre
Republic of Tunisia, Hannichi Salah
Republic of Uganda, Yoweri Museveni, President -- Uganda Head of State
Republic of Zaire, Gbiamango Yewawa
Republic of Zambia, Ronald Penza
Republic of Zimbabwe, Nathan M. Shamuyarira
Representatives from twelve developed countries participated in the conference. A delegation from what was then known as the Commission of the European Communities was also attended.
Kingdom of Belgium, Eric Drtyce
Canada, Huguette Labelle
Kingdom of Denmark, Helle Degn
French Republic, Antoine Pouilleute
Federal Republic of Germany, Harald Ganns
Republic of Italy, Carmelo Azzará
Kingdom of the Netherlands, Roland van den Berg
Kingdom of Norway, Randi Krumsvik Bendiksen
Portuguese Republic, Jose Briosa e Gala
Kingdom of Sweden, Alf T. Samuelsson
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Lynda Chalker, Baroness Chalker of Wallasey
United States of America, George Moose
European Commission (formerly known as the Commission of the European Communities), Peter Pooley
Observers from 17 nations were accredited at the conference; and these included:
Commonwealth of Australia, Geoffrey Miller
Republic of Austria, Johannes Skriwan
Republic of Brazil, Paulo Pires do Rio
People's Republic of China, Sun Guangxiang
Republic of Finland, Gien Lindolm
Hellenic Republic, Vassilios Tolois
Republic of Hungary, István Rácz
Republic of Indonesia, Poedji Koentarso
Republic of Ireland, James Anthony Sharkey
Republic of Korea, Park Jay Son
Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, François Bremer
Malaysia, Datuk H.M. Khatib
Romania, Tatiana Isticioaia
Russian Federation, Sergei Krilov
Republic of South Africa, D.W. Auret
Kingdom of Spain, Francisco Javier Jimenez de Gregorio
Swiss Confederation, Peter Reinhardt
Observers (NGOs and Others)
Observers from eleven non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and others were amongst the participants at this conference, including:
African American Institute, Vivian Lowery Derryck
NGO Forum "Africa Now", Yoko Ozeki
African National Congress (South Africa), Jerry Matsila
Africa Watch, William Carmichael
CARE (relief) (Japan), Kiyohisa Mikanagi
Carter Center, Richard Joseph
Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations, Mark Hughes
Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA), Nick Christodoulou
South-North Development Institute, Roberto Mizrahi
Synergos Institute, Peggy Dulany
Trust for Peace and Prosperity in South and Southern Africa (TPPSSA), Robert Tusenius
Observers from five Japanese organizations were participants in the conference, including:
Japan Export-Import Bank (JEXIM), Kenji Hashimoto
Institute Developing Economies (IDE), Takehiko Haraguchi
Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), Koichi Kobayashi
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Takeshi Kagami
Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund (OECF), Shunro Kageyama
TICAD-II discussed poverty reduction in Africa and Africa's fuller integration into the global economy. in 1998. This conference produced the "Tokyo Agenda for Action" (TAA), which was intended to become a commonly understood strategic- and action-oriented set of guidelines. Ideas proposed at TICAD-II were also taken up by the G8 in the creation of the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.
Delegations from 51 African nations participated in the conference, including eight heads of state:
Democratic and People's Republic of Algeria, Boudjemaa Delmi
Repùblica de Angola, António Domingos Pitra Costa Neto
République du Bénin, Mathieu Kérékou, Président -- Benin Head of State
Republic of Botswana, Festus Mogae, President -- Botswana Head of State
Burkina-Faso, Blaise Compaore, Président -- Burkina Faso Head of State
République du Burundi, Célestin Niyongabo
Republique du Cameroun, Justin Nidoro
Repùblica de Cabo Verde, Jose Luis Jesus
République Centrafricaine, Jean Mete-Yapende
République du Tchad, Mahamat Saleh Annaadif
République Fédérale Islamique des Comoros, Salim H. Himidi
République du Congo, Rodolphe Adada
République Démocratique du Congo, Badimanyi Mulumba
République de Côte d'Ivoire, Kablan Duncan Daniel
République de Djibouti, Hassan Gouled Aptidon, Président -- Djibouti Head of State
Arab Republic of Egypt, Ibrahim Ali Hassan
República de Guinea Ecuatorial, Teresa Efua Asangono
State of Eritrea, Berhane Abreche
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Meles Zenawi
République Gabonaise, Vincent Boulé
Republic of The Gambia, Famara Jatta
Republic of Ghana, Jerry John Rawlings, President -- Ghana Head of State
République de Guinée, Mamadou Cellou Diallo
República da Guinée-Bissau, Issufo Sanha
Republic of Kenya, A. Godana
Kingdom of Lesotho, L. V. Ketso
Republic of Liberia, Monie R. Captan
Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Saad M. Mujber
République de Madagascar, Lila Ratsifandrihamanana
Republic of Malaŵi, Cassim Chilumpha
République du Mali, Alpha Oumar Konaré, Président -- Mali Head of State
République Islamique de Mauritanie, Sid'El Moctar Ould Naji
République de Maurice, Rundheersing Bheenick
Royaume du Maroc, Sâad Eddine Taib
República da Moçambique, Joaquim Chissano, President -- Mozambique Head of State
République du Niger, Ibrahim Assane Mayaki
Federal Republic of Nigeria, T. A. O. Odegbile
République Rwandaise, Pierre Celestin Rwigema
República Democrática de São Tomé and Príncipe, Francisco Carlos Afonso Fernandes
République du Sénégal, Mouhamadou El Moustapha Diagne
Republic of Seychelles, Jeremie Bonnelame
Republic of Sierra Leone, James Jonah
Republic of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki
Republic of the Sudan, Abdalla Hassan Ahmed
Kingdom of Swaziland, King Mswati III -- Swaziland Head of State
United Republic of Tanzania, Fredrick T. Sumaye
République Togolaise, Barry Moussa Barque
République Tunisienne, Fathi Merdassi
Republic of Uganda, Sam Kuteesa
Republic of Zambia, Edith Nawiki
Republic of Zimbabwe, Richard C. Hove
Delegations from 10 Asian nations participated in the conference, including:
Brunei Darussalam, Dato Malai Haji Ahmad Murad.
People's Republic of China, Zhang Cixin.
Republic of India, Siddharth Singh
Republic of Indonesia, Ir. Zuhal
Republic of Korea, Shin Kee-bock
Malaysia, Mahathir bin Mohamad, Prime Minister
Republic of the Philippines, Jesus I. Yabes
Republic of Singapore, Zainul Abidin Rasheed
Kingdom of Thailand, Sukhumbhand Paribatra
Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, Nguyen Quoc Dung
TICAD III reviewed the achievements of the ten-year TICAD process and discussed the future direction TICAD should take. TICAD-III brought together over 1000 delegates, including 23 heads of state and the Chairperson of the African Union.
Ministers and others
A number of government ministers and others were amongst the participants in the conference, including:
TICAD-IV focused on strategies for better mobilizing the knowledge and resources of the international community in the core areas of: (a) economic growth; (b) human security, including achieving the UN's Millennium Development Goals; and (c) environment/climate change issues. In addition, TICAD-IV tried to identify possible inter-linkages within the context of the G8 Hokkaidō Tōyako Summit in July 2008. The event brought together 2,500 participants, including representatives of 51 African countries, among whom were 40 African heads of state and government. Attendees came from over 70 international organizations.
Invitations were extended to 52 African countries and many heads of state decided to attend, including:
Ministers and others
A number of government officials and non-government organization delegates were amongst the participants in the conference, including:
Observers and others
The UN Development Programme (UNDP), in partnership with the NEPAD Business Group, the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) made plans in advance to organize on the sidelines of TICAD-IV. They worked together to create an event which they hoped would attract the attention of the national delegations in Yokohama for TICAD—a meeting which they called Innovative Approaches to Private Sector Development for achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Africa. The event organizers provided a unique venue for presentations included actual case studies developed by the UN organizations and first-hand testimonials from various local private sector actors who have been beneficiaries or advocates of TICAD-inspired private sector development initiatives in Africa. Selected new and innovative approaches by global partners were showcased to demonstrate how market-based business activities and private sector investments can help achieve the MDGs.
World Bank President Zoellick participated in a meeting on the global food crisis jointly-organized with the African Union, the World Food Program, the Food and Agriculture Organization and the International Fund for Agricultural Development. This meeting was designed to focus attention on the immediate and medium-to-long term actions needed to tackle the global food crisis.
Some representatives from international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) complained their participation in the ongoing policy dialog between Japan and various African governments was thwarted at TICAD-IV. A group of 55 African, Japanese and international NGOs came uninvited to Yokohama; this was the first time that a 'civil society forum' was incorporated into the compressed agenda. Six observers were allowed in as observers; and the NGOs construe such limited participation as reflective of a view of NGOs as unimportant.
The shared perspectives of the TICAD-IV's official participants and unofficial observers served to underscore the case for immediate assistance to help Africa’s vulnerable economies to weather the current global food and fuel crisis. Questions remain about how best to achieve such salutary goals.