StGiNU (acronym for Stop the Genocide in Northern Uganda) is an advocacy group formed in the beginning of 2005 by Ugandans living in the United Kingdom. At that time, the situation in the concentration camps in Northern Uganda was claiming lives more than cross fire casualties. In the same year 2005, the Ugandan World Health Organization reported that there were 5000 excess deaths per week due to camp conditions alone. Jan Egeland UN's Undersecretary General for Humanitarian Affairs stated that the Northern Uganda situation was worse than Iraq. Another UN representative Olara Otunnu said the situation in Northern Uganda was a secret genocide.
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StGiNU group carried out their main public demonstration on the 16 April 2005 in Downing Street, and handed a petition to UK PM Tony Blair. Copies of the petition documents were later on sent to several governments including the United Nations office. The documents can be accessed here.
History
Concentration camps in Northern Uganda started on a small scale when Yoweri Museveni took over power from the Ugandan president Tito Okello Lutwa in 1986. All civilians in the Acoli areas of Anaka, Agung, Purongo, Olwiyo etc. were rounded up by Museveni's soldiers then known as National Resistance Army, many civilians were murdered, the survivors were forcefully removed from their lands, put in army trucks and dumped in Karuma region. By that time there were no any rebel movements in the North, but the Ugandan army kept on uprooting people starting from March 1986. They looted livestock, burned food crops, carried rapes and shot to death anyone found living in the village.
In 1996 the Museveni's government ordered all civilians in Acoli sub-region to relocate into concentration camps. Their homes or properties were burned through helicopter gunships. The people were told that this was to 'protect' them against the LRA rebels Lord's Resistance Army.
In 2002 some areas of Lira in Lango sub-region relocated into concentration camps. In 2003 some parts of Teso sub-region relocated into camps. By this time there were already various international NGOs Non-governmental organization working in Uganda. Museveni had refused to declare the North a disaster area but allowed NGOs to work on strict conditions that they must write against the LRA rebels, this helped to propagate the government's side of the story rather than the actual facts on the ground. It also explains why the Ugandan army now known as UPDF Uganda People's Defence Force caused prolonged brutality on the civilian population, including recruitment of children, forceful displacements under the disguise of fighting LRA. The LRA were also to blame for causing brutality on civilians but they were few and could not out-number the UPDF. The LRA Lord's Resistance Army carried out attacks in the North once in a while, and were based in neighbouring country South Sudan, they were not based in Uganda.
It took much campaigning and international pressure asking Museveni to close the concentration camps and to reach agreements with the LRA rebels. On the 26 October 2006 the Museveni's government granted permission that civilians in the North of the country should return to their former villages after years of staying in concentration camps. This marked the beginning of reconstruction of homes, roads, schools and so on. As a result, most civilians in the North have now returned to their former villages. However, too many people had died during the forceful encampments. And many civilians contracted diseases such as nodding disease, HIV etc.
The Lord's Resistance Army
The world knew Joseph Kony and the The Lord's Resistance Army as the main war culprits in Uganda, Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic or South Sudan. Kony is also well known for abduction and recruitment of child soldiers.
However, according to the general views of Ugandans, Yoweri Museveni is the first leader to have used child soldiers in Uganda, and he continued to do so unabated. In 2006, a UN's representative Radhika Coomaraswamy found over 5000 children in the army.
Joseph Kony and The Lord's Resistance Army are direct products of prolonged genocide, murder, etc. waged by Yoweri Museveni on the civilians of Northern Uganda.
Everything that the LRA or Kony is known for, emanated from the government's army. It is true that the LRA are a confused group and they also killed civilians, but by no means can the LRA's acts outweigh what Museveni and his army did against the civilians in Northern Uganda. From 1986 to 2006 the Museveni's National Resistance Army or UPDF Uganda People's Defence Force, carried out rapes and murders on the parents while forcing little children to watch the acts. There were daily bombardments against the civilian population using helicopter gunships. These acts of terror produced psychological problems within the Acoli (Acholi) ethnic group. People with mental disorders such as Alice Auma or the Holy Spirit Movement, Joseph Kony or The Lord's Resistance Army, and now the high suicide rates in Acoli (Acholi) did not exist prior to Yoweri Museveni's war.