Kingdom Animalia Class Actinopterygii Family Salmonidae Rank Species | Phylum Chordata Order Salmoniformes Genus Salvelinus | |
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Similar Salvelinus inframundus, Salvelinus killinensis, Kirikuchi char, Salmo fibreni | ||
Salvelinus umbla
Salvelinus umbla, also known as lake char, is a species of char found in certain lakes of the region of the Alps in Europe.
Contents
This char species usually inhabits the deeper waters of the lakes, feeding on crustaceans, insects and benthic fauna. Larger specimens can be piscivores. They look for areas with pebbly or stony bottom on steep slopes, at depths between 30 and 120 m during the spawning season.
Distribution
This char species lives in alpine and subalpine glacial valley lakes of central Europe, between France and Austria and between Germany and Northern Italy. It has been introduced in high altitude lakes as well.
Although it is assessed as a least concern species by IUCN, the eutrophication of the lakes in the Subalpine region, which began in the 1950s and peaked in 1979, badly affected Salvelinus umbla populations, which crashed during that period. The lake char became locally extinct in lakes such as Mondsee and other char species, such as Salvelinus profundus, were driven to extinction in the same period. Currently, however, most lake char populations are gradually recovering.
The name Salvelinus umbla has also been used in Sweden of char populations of central parts of the country, referred to as storröding (large char) in distinction of the northern fjällröding ( = Salvelinus alpinus). These populations are not thought to be related to the Central European populations, however.