Color of berry skin Blanc Notable wines Picpoul de Pinet Scientific name Vitis vinifera 'Picpoul' Rank Cultivar Species Common Grape Vine | Notable regions Languedoc Hazards Fungal diseases Origin France Notable region Languedoc-Roussillon wine | |
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Also called Picpoul, Picpoul blanc, Picpoul de Pinet Similar Common Grape Vine, Clairette blanche, Grenache blanc, Roussanne, Bourboulenc | ||
Piquepoul, Picpoul, or Picapoll is a variety of wine grape grown primarily in the Rhone Valley and Languedoc regions of France as well as Catalonia, Spain. It exists both in dark-skinned (Piquepoul noir) and light-skinned (Piquepoul blanc) versions, as well as a very little grown Piquepoul gris. Piquepoul blanc is the most common of the Piquepouls, with 1,000 hectares (2,500 acres) cultivated in France in 2000, and an increasing trend.
Contents
Piquepoul tends to bud late and has some sensitivity to powdery mildew.
History
Piquepoul has a long history in the Languedoc region, and along with Cinsault and Clairette blanche is one of the oldest domestic grape varieties of that region. It was blended with Clairette blanche to produce the wine Picardan in the 17th & 18th centuries.
After the Great French Wine Blight, when large shifts in varieties planted took place, Piquepoul lost popularity due to its susceptibility to fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and its low yield.
Piquepoul wines
In Languedoc, Piquepoul blanc is used both for blending and for varietal wines. Red wines produced from Picpoul noir are high in alcohol, are richly scented, but have a very pale colour, which has made the variety more popular as a blending ingredient than as a producer of varietal wines.
Both the blanc and noir versions of Piquepoul are permitted blending grapes for the production of Châteauneuf-du-Pape. However, in 2004 only 0.15% of the appellation's surface was planted with the Piquepoul varieties.
In the New World, Piquepoul is being successfully grown in the foothills of the Chiricahua Mountains (5000 feet above sea level) in southern Arizona.
Piquepoul blanc is being grown in Sonoma, California.
Piquepoul blanc is also grown successfully in the Texas High Plains AVA.
Picpoul de Pinet
Picpoul de Pinet is a designation or cru which may be used within the Languedoc appellation for white wines made exclusively from Piquepoul blanc in the communes Pinet, Mèze, Florenzac, Castelnau-de-Guers, Montagnac and Pomérols. Picpoul de Pinet and Clairette blanche are the primary varietals used in the manufacture of Noilly Prat, the well-known Languedoc vermouth.
The wines are green-gold in color, full-bodied, and show lemon flavours. Modernization of the winemaking has led to increased interest in these wines.
Synonyms
Synonyms for Piquepoul blanc include Avello, Avillo, Extra, Feher Piquepoul, Languedocien, Picapoll, Picapolla, Picapulla, Picpoul, Picpoul de Pinet.
Synonyms for Piquepoul gris include Avillo, Languedocien, Picapulla, Picpoul, Pikepul Seryi, Piquepoul rose, Szürke Piquepoul.
Synonyms for Piquepoul noir include Avillo, Kek Piquepoul, Languedocien, Pical, Pical negro, Pical Polho, Picalpolho, Picapoll, Picapoll Negro, Picapouia, Picapouya, Picapulla, Picpouille, Picpoul, Picpoule, Picquepoul, Pikepul Chernyi, Pique Poule, Piquerette noire.
Picpoul is also a synonym for the variety Folle blanche, which has no known relationship to Piquepoul.