Formed 1949 | ||
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Preceding agency National Intelligence and Security Authority Motto Kaalaman ay Kaligtasan(Intelligence is Security) Agency executive Hermogenes Esperon, Director-General | ||
The National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (NICA) (Filipino: Pambansang Sangay para sa Pagsasamang Kaalaman) (PSPK) is the primary intelligence gathering and analysis arm of the Philippine government, in charge of carrying out overt, covert, and clandestine intelligence programs. Its motto is: Kaalaman ay Kaligtasan (translated: "Intelligence is Security").
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Presently, NICA is in close coordination with the CIA, Mossad, Secret Intelligence Service and intelligence services of ASEAN countries to counter the threat of terrorism.
The agency is led by a director-general and is assisted by a deputy director general. The former reports directly to the president. Its headquarters are located in Quezon City.
The NICA has a National Intelligence Board that serves as an advisory board to the director-general before he would submit his findings to the president relating to national security matters affecting the Philippines.
History
Founded in 1949, it was created by President Elpidio Quirino under the authority of Executive Order 235 with further powers relating to intelligence work added by a Government Survey and Reorganization Commission in 1954. It was abolished on September 16, 1972, by President Ferdinand Marcos under Presidential Decree 51 and replaced by the National Intelligence and Security Authority (NISA) headed by General Fabian Ver. The agency was primarily used to track down and eliminate anti-Marcos opponents before President Marcos was forced into exile. During his reign, it was one of the main government organizations accused of human rights abuses. After the first EDSA Revolution, it was renamed the National Intelligence Coordinating Agency in 1987, replacing the NISA, and was merged with the Civil Intelligence and Security Agency when the Philippine Constitution was revamped, where it refocused its priorities in tackling the communist movement. Their work has resulted in their weakening in the late 1990s.
In 1990, the Philippines' national security advisor was given responsibility to oversee management and control of the agency to be responsive to the needs of the president and the National Security Council.
In 2016, it was accused of falsifying intelligence reports acquired by Senator Gordon.
Current tasks
Executive Order Number 492, issued on February 1, 2006, orders the NICA to activate the National Maritime Aerial Reconnaissance and Surveillance Center or NMARSC, which shall serve as the primary IMINT provider for the Philippine intelligence community. Under the supervision and oversight of the National Security Adviser, the NICA-directed NMARSC will operate unmanned aerial vehicles or UAVs to cater to the imagery intelligence demands of various government agencies.
NICA agents were responsible for the arrest of several Abu Sayyaf members, including Al Qaeda-linked bomber Abdulmukim Edris.
The NICA is also active in the Philippines' Anti-Terrorism Council, in order to set guidelines in passing a proposed the Anti-Terrorism Law, known as the Human Security Act signed by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on February 8, 2007.
In 2005, it started activation of two directorates involving economic intelligence and counterintelligence.