Izumi Province (和泉国, Izumi no kuni) was a province of Japan. It is also referred to as Senshū (泉州?). It lay in Kinai, and its area today composes the south-western part of Osaka Prefecture (south of the Yamato River; not including the city of Osaka itself). The Ōshōji in Sakai was the border with Settsu Province, until the beginning of the Meiji period, when the boundary was changed to be at the Yamato River. Izumi was classified as a lower province in the Engishiki.
The northern part was called Senboku (泉北?, "Izumi North"), and the southern part Sennan (泉南?, "Izumi South"). Izumi included the southern portion of the large seaport of Sakai, and was usually held by whomever ruled Osaka Castle and Settsu Province.
The name "Izumi" means "fountain" or "spring" (泉), but is written with two characters, the character for "peace" (和) being prepended due to an imperial edict in 713. This character does not play into the reading.
Because the provincial capital was in modern Fuchū town, Izumi city, Osaka Prefecture, the city adopted the name of the province as its name.
According to the Shoku Nihongi, the Izumi and Hine districts were separated from Kawachi Province on 23 April 716; moreover, on 8 May that same year, the Ōtori District was also separated from Kawachi, and the three districts constructed Izumi-gen (和泉監?). The imperial villa of Chinu Palace (茅渟宮, Chinu no Miya, also known as Izumi Palace) was in Izumi, and it seems that this has something to do with the unusual classification of gen (監?): Yoshino-gen was the only other province with this designation. Afterwards, on 15 September 740, it was abolished and merged back into Kawachi province. On 30 May 757, it was re-established with a normal province designation kuni (国).
According to the Nihongi Ryaku, on 21 April 825, the four Settsu Province districts of Higashinari, Nishinari, Kudara, and Sumiyoshi were incorporated into Izumi Province, but the residents were opposed to it, so they were restored to Settsu on 8 August the same year.
In the Edo period, Kishiwada Domain (Koide tozama, Matsudaira/Matsui fudai, Okabe fudai; 30000–60000 koku) and Hakata Domain (Watanabe fudai; 13500 koku) were established.
Sometime in 1870 or 1871 (the beginning of the Meiji era), the boundary with Settsu Province was changed to the Yamato River (it was formerly the roads of Ōshōji and Nagao Kaidō).
The provincial capital was in the Izumi District, which is now around Fuchū, Izumi. The ruins of its buildings are being excavated.
The shugo's residence was right by the capital, but it was transferred to Sakai in the Muromachi period.
Shrines and temples
The only grand shrine was Ōtori Shrine in Ōtori District (Ōtorikita, Sakai), ranking among the Myōjin Taisha; it also became Izumi Province’s primary shrine. The secondary shrine was Izumi-Anashi Shrine (Toyonaka, Izumiōtsu); the tertiary shrine was Hijiri Shrine (Ōji, Izumi), the quaternary Tsugawa Shrine (Tsugawa, Kishiwada), and the quinary Hine Shrine (Hineno, Izumisano). However, Hine Shrine was listed as the quaternary shrine in a 1501 document. The sōja was the Five Shrine Sōja complex at Izumi-Inoue Shrine in the capital, where the kami of the above five shrines were also enshrined.
The provincial temple was Fukutoku-ji (Kokubu, Izumi). It was only for monks, there was no temple available for nuns.
1196–1203 – Sahara Yoshitsura
1207–1221 – Emperor Go-Toba’s share
1221–1248 – The Henmi clan
1249–1261 – Hōjō Shigetoki
1279–1300 – Hōjō Tokimura
1313–1315 – Hōjō Hiroaki
1315–1333 – Hōjō Shigetoki
1336–1337 – Hatakeyama Kunikiyo
1337–1347 – Hosokawa Akiuji
1347–1349 – Kō no Moroyasu
1349–1351 – Hatakeyama Kunikiyo
1351–1352 – Hosokawa Akiuji
1352–1359 – Hosokawa Nariuji
1359–1360 – Hatakeyama Kunikiyo
1360–1361 – Hosokawa Nariuji
1369–1378 – Kusunoki Masanori
1378–1391 – Yamana Ujikiyo
1392–1399 – Ōuchi Yoshihiro
1400–1403 – Nishiki Yoshikazu
1407–1408 – The Oku clan
1408–1411 – Hosokawa Yorinaga
1408–1448 – Hosokawa Motoyuki
1411–1438 – Hosokawa Mochiari
1438–1450 – Hosokawa Kiyoharu
1448–1483 – Hosokawa Mochihisa
1450–1480 – Hosokawa Tsuneari
1480–1500 – Hosokawa Motoari
1487–1495 – Hosokawa Katsunobu
1500–1508 – Hosokawa Mototsune / Hosokawa Masahisa
1513–1523 – The Hosokawa clan
1523–1531 – Hosokawa Kurō
1523–? – Hosokawa Gorō
1536–1554 – Hosokawa Mototsune
Tachibana no Michisada
Kakizaki Kageie
Tōdō Takatora – First generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takatsugu – Second generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takahisa – Third generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takachika – Fourth generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takatoshi – Fifth generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takahora – Seventh generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takanaga – Eighth generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takasato – Ninth generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takasawa – Tenth generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Tōdō Takayuki – Eleventh generation feudal lord of Tsu Domain in Ise Province.
Matsudaira Ienori – Lord of Iwamura Domain in Mino Province.
Matsudaira Norinaga – Lord of Iwamura Domain in Mino Province, Hamamatsu Domain in Tōtōmi Province, and Tatebayashi Domain in Kōzuke Province; Rōjū.
Matsudaira Norihisa – Lord of Tatebayashi Domain in Kōzuke Province and first generation Ōgyū Matsudaira feudal lord of Karatsu Domain in Hizen Province.
Matsudaira Noriharu – Second generation Ōgyū Matsudaira feudal lord of Karatsu Domain in Hizen Province.
Matsudaira Norisato – Third generation Ōgyū Matsudaira feudal lord of Karatsu Domain in Hizen Province. Lord of Toba Domain in Shima Province, Kameyama Domain in Ise Province, Yodo Domain in Yamashiro Province, and Sakura Domain in Shimōsa Province. Rōjū。
Matsudaira Norisuke – Lord of Sakura Domain in Shimōsa Province, Yamagata Domain in Dewa Province, and first generation Ōgyū Matsudaira feudal lord of Nishio Domain in Mikawa Province.
Matsudaira Norisada – Second generation Ōgyū Matsudaira feudal lord of Nishio Domain in Mikawa Province.
Matsudaira Norihiro – Third generation Ōgyū Matsudaira feudal lord of Nishio Domain in Mikawa Province.
Matsudaira Noriyasu – Fourth generation Ōgyū Matsudaira feudal lord of Nishio Domain in Mikawa Province and Rōjū.
Matsudaira Noritsune – Fifth generation Ōgyū Matsudaira feudal lord of Nishio Domain in Mikawa Province.
Tōyama Tomomasa – Fourth generation feudal lord of Naeki Domain in Mino Province.
Tōyama Tomonaka – Seventh generation feudal lord of Naeki Domain in Mino Province.
Tōyama Tomokiyo – Ninth generation feudal lord of Naeki Domain in Mino Province.
Enomoto Takeaki
Osaka Prefecture
Hine District (日根郡)
Izumi District (和泉郡)
Minami District (南郡)
Ōtori District (大鳥郡)
Part of the area of Sumiyoshi District of Settsu Province (from the South Yamato River) was added into Ōtori District.
Senboku District (泉北郡) – merger of Ōtori and Izumi Districts; creating a district that covered the former northern part of Izumi Province on April 1, 1896
Sennan District (泉南郡) – merger of Minami and Hine Districts; creating a district that covered the former southern part of Izumi Province on April 1, 1896
