Mino Province (美濃国, Mino no kuni), one of the old provinces of Japan, encompassed the southern part of modern-day Gifu Prefecture. It was sometimes called Nōshū (濃州). Mino Province bordered Echizen, Hida, Ise, Mikawa, Ōmi, Owari, and Shinano Provinces.
Although the ancient provincial capital was near Tarui, the main castle town was at Gifu, the home of Inabayama Castle.
In 713, the road crossing through Mino and Shinano provinces was widened to accommodate increasing numbers of travelers.
Mino Province served an important military and political role as the path to Kyoto as well as to Tokaido.
During the Kamakura and Muromachi Period, Mino Province was governed by the Toki clan and later in Azuchi period controlled by Oda Nobunaga. His heirs continued to control it after Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi took power.
The Battle of Sekigahara took place at the western edge of Mino, near the mountains between the Chūbu Region and the Kinki Region.
Gifu Prefecture
Anpachi District (安八郡) - absorbed parts of Taki District; but lost parts to Kaisai and Shimoishizu Districts to become Kaizu District (海津郡) on April 1, 1896
Atsumi District (厚見郡) - merged with Kakami and parts of Katagata Districts to become Inaba District (稲葉郡) on April 1, 1896
Ena District (恵那郡) - dissolved
Fuwa District (不破郡)
Gujō District (郡上郡) - dissolved
Haguri District (羽栗郡) - merged with Nakashima District to become Hashima District (羽島郡) on April 1, 1896
Ikeda District (池田郡) - merged with parts of Ōno (Mino) Districts to become Ibi District (揖斐郡) on April 1, 1896
Ishizu District (石津郡)
Kamiishizu District (上石津郡) - merged with parts of Taki District to become Yōrō District (養老郡) on April 1, 1896
Shimoishizu District (下石津郡) - merged with Kaisai and parts of Anpachi Districts to become Kaizu District on April 1, 1896
Kaisai District (海西郡) - merged with Shimoishizu and parts of Anpachi Districts to become Kaizu District on April 1, 1896
Kakami District (各務郡) - merged with Atsumi and parts of Katagata Districts to become Inaba District on April 1, 1896
Kamo District (加茂郡)
Kani District (可児郡)
Katagata District (石津郡) - dissolved to split and merged into parts of Inaba, Motosu and Yamagata Districts on April 1, 1896
Mugi District (武儀郡) - dissolved
Mushiroda District (席田郡) - merged with former Motosu, parts of Katagata and parts of Ōno (Mino) Districts to become Motosu District (本巣郡) on April 1, 1896
Nakashima District (中島郡) - merged with Haguri District to become Hashima District on April 1, 1896
Ōno District (Mino) (大野郡) - dissolved to split and merged into parts of Motosu and Ibi Districts on April 1, 1896
Taki District (石津郡) - dissolved to split and merged into parts of Yōrō and Anpachi Districts on April 1, 1896
Toki District (土岐郡) - dissolved
Yamagata District (山県郡) - absorbed parts of Katagata District on April 1, 1896; now dissolved
Below is an incomplete list of the shugo who controlled Mino Province and the years of their control:
Ōuchi Koreyoshi (大内惟義), 1187–1211
Ōuchi Korenobu (大内惟信), until 1221
Utunomiya Yasutsuna (宇都宮泰綱), from 1252
Hōjō clan, from 1285
Hōjō Tokimura (北条時村), 1296–1300
Hōjō Masataka (北条政高), until 1333
Toki Yorisada (土岐頼貞), 1336–1339
Toki Yoritō (土岐頼遠), 1339–1342
Toki Yoriyasu (土岐頼康), 1342–1387
Toki Yasuyuki (土岐康行), 1387–1389
Toki Yoritada (土岐頼忠), 1390–1394
Toki Yorimasu (土岐頼益), 1395–1414
Toki Mochimasu (土岐持益), 1422–1465
Toki Shigeyori (土岐成頼), 1468–1495
Toki Masafusa (土岐政房), 1495–1519
Toki Yorinari (土岐頼芸), 1519–1542
Mino and Owari provinces were separated by the Sakai River, which means "border river."
Media related to Mino Province at Wikimedia Commons
Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903