The House of Thani (Arabic: اَل ثاني Al Thani) is the ruling family of Qatar, whose origins can be traced back to the Ma'adid clan of the Banu Tamim tribal confederation.
Contents
History and structure
The Al Thanis, an Arabic Family part which belongs to the Ma'adid sect of the Banu Tamim tribe, can be traced back to Mudar bin Nizar who settled at Gebrin oasis in southern Najd (present-day Saudi Arabia) before he moved to Qatar. Around the 17th century, the tribe lived in Ushayqir, a settlement north-east of Riyadh. They settled in Qatar around the 1740s. Their first settlement in Qatar was in the southern town of Sikak, and from there they moved north-west to Zubarah and Al Ruwais. They settled in Doha in the 19th century under their leader Mohammed bin Thani. The group was named after the father of Mohammad, Thani bin Mohammad.
The family is made of four main factions: Bani Qassim, Bani Ahmed, Bani Jaber, and Bani Thamer. As of the early 1990s, the number of the family members was estimated to be about 6,000.
The leadership transitions in 1913, 1949, 1960, and 1995 were all forced abdications. These abdications were forced by a nephew in one incident and sons in the others. However, none of the forced abdications toppled the Al Thani dynasty, which remains in place.
Rulers
List of Hakims and Emirs:
Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani Branch
Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani (ca. 1825–1913) Founder of modern Qatar
1. Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani I (18??–18?? Died young) 2. Sheikh Khalifa bin Jassim Al Thani (1851–1931) 3. Sheikh Thani bin Jassim Al Thani (1856–1943), Sheikh of Al Gharafa 4. Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani (1871–1930), Sheikh of Al Wakra 5. Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani (1880–1957), Former Sheikh of Al Rayyan, Ruler of Qatar (1914–1940, 1948–1949) 6. Sheikh Ali bin Jassim Al Thani (18??–18?? Died when he was young) 7. Sheikh Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani (1881–1971), Sheikh of Umm Salal Mohammed 7.1. Sheikh Jassim bin Muhammed bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.1. Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani (18??–1977) 7.1.1.1. Sheikh Faisal bin Fahad Al Thani 7.1.1.2. Sheikh Hamad bin Fahad Al Thani 7.1.1.3. Sheikh Abdullah bin Fahad Al Thani 7.1.2. Sheikh Nasir bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.2.1. Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani 7.1.2.2. Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani 7.1.2.3. Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani 7.1.2.4. Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani 7.1.2.5. Sheikh ??? bin Nasir Al Thani 7.1.3. Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Jassim Al Thani (18??–1970) 7.1.4. Sheikh Khalid bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.4.1. Sheikh ??? bin Khalid Al Thani 7.1.4.2. Sheikh ??? bin Khalid Al Thani 7.1.5. Sheikh Hamad Bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.5.1. Sheikh ??? bin Hamad Al Thani 7.1.5.2. Sheikh ??? bin Hamad Al Thani 7.1.6. Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.6.1. Sheikh ??? bin Abdulrahman Al Thani 7.1.6.2. Sheikh ??? bin Abdulrahman Al Thani 7.1.6.3. Sheikh ??? bin Abdulrahman Al Thani 7.1.6.4. Sheikh ??? bin Abdulrahman Al Thani 7.1.7. Sheikh Ali bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.8. Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.8.1. Sheikh ??? bin Abdullah Al Thani 7.1.8.2. Sheikh ??? bin Abdullah Al Thani 7.1.8.3. Sheikh ??? bin Abdullah Al Thani 7.1.8.4. Sheikh ??? bin Abdullah Al Thani 7.1.9. Sheikh Khalifa bin Jassim Al Thani (1959) 7.1.9.1. Sheikh Jassim bin Khalifa Al Thani 7.1.9.2. Sheikh Mohammed bin Khalifa Al Thani 7.1.9.3. Sheikh Sultan bin Khalifa Al Thani 7.1.9.4. Sheikh Ahmed bin Khalifa Al Thani 7.1.9.5. Sheikha Najla bint Khalifa Al Thani 7.1.9.6. Sheikha Reem bint Khalifa Al Thani 7.1.10. Sheikh Salman Bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.10.1. Sheikh ??? bin Salman Al Thani 7.1.10.2. Sheikh ??? bin Salman Al Thani 7.1.10.3. Sheikh ??? bin Salman Al Thani 7.1.11. Sheikh Saud Bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.11.1. Sheikh ??? bin Saud Al Thani 7.1.11.2. Sheikh ??? bin Saud Al Thani 7.1.11.3. Sheikh ??? bin Saud Al Thani 7.1.11.4. Sheikh ??? bin Saud Al Thani 7.1.12. Sheikh Sultan bin Jassim Al Thani, Married 7.1.13. Sheikh Faysal bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.13.1. Sheikh ??? bin Faysal Al Thani 7.1.14. Sheikh Hasan bin Jassim Al Thani 7.1.14.1. Sheikh ??? Hamid Mohammed 7.1.15. Sheikha Noor bint Jassim Al Thani, Married 7.1.16. Sheikha Rowdha bint Jassim Al Thani, Married to Abdullah bin Ahmad Bin Abdullah 7.1.17. Sheikha Amna bint Jassim Al Thani, Married to Khalid bin Hamad bin Abdullah 7.1.18. Sheikha Al-Anoud bint Jassim Al Thani, Married, with 2 sons and 2 daughters 7.1.19. Sheikha Tamather bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.20. Sheikha Fatma bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.21. Sheikha Muna bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.22. Sheikha Jawaher bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.23. Sheikha Sheikha bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.24. Sheikha Maha bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.25. Sheikha Moneera bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.26. Sheikha Khowla bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.27. Sheikha Leena bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.28. Sheikha Loolwa bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.29. Sheikha Mariam bint Jassim Al Thani 7.1.30. Sheikha Noora bint Jassim Al Thani 8. Sheikh Ghanim bin Jassim Al Thani (188?–1???) 9. Sheikh Ali bin Jassim Al Thani II (1893–1972), Sheikh of Umm Salal Ali 10. Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani II (18??–18?? Died young) 11. Sheikh Fahad bin Jassim Al Thani III (1895-ca.1980), Sheikh of Al Khiesa, Lusail, Rumeilah and Adba 12. Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Jassim Al Thani (1896–1985), Sheikh of Al Markhiya 13. Sheikh Salman bin Jassim Al Thani (18??–18?? Died during/soon after his birth) 14. Sheikh Idris bin Jassim Al Thani (18??–18?? Died during/soon after his birth) 15. Sheikh Mubarak bin Jassim Al Thani (18??–18?? Died during/soon after his birth) 16. Sheikh Salman bin Jassim Al Thani II (1899–1984), Sheikh of Dukhan 17. Sheikh Nasser bin Jassim Al Thani (190?–1978), Sheikh of Nasiriya 18. Sheikh Sultan bin Jassim Al Thani (190?–1976), Sheikh of Umm Al Amad 19. Sheikh Ahmed bin Jassim Al Thani (190?–1995), Sheikh of Al Khor 19.1. Sheikh Khawar bin Ahmed Al Thani Emir of Al Khor since 1996 19.1.1 Sheikh Fahad bin Khawar Al Thani 19.1.2 Sheikha ??? bint Khawar Al Thani 19.1.3 Sheikha ??? bint Khawar Al Thani