Motto Audere Sapiens Type Public Administrative staff 9,000 Undergraduate tuition and fees 890 EUR (2015) Founded 1817 Colors White, Blue | Motto in English Dare to Think Established 1817 Total enrollment 42,642 (2014) Phone +32 9 331 01 01 Rector Anne De Paepe | |
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Former names State University of Ghent Address St. Pietersnieuwstraat 33, 9000 Gent, Belgium Notable alumni Marc Van Montagu, Peter Piot, Walter Fiers, Leo Baekeland, Robert Cailliau Similar Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, University of Antwerp, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Université libre de Bruxelles, Université catholique de Louvain Profiles | ||
Ghent university yesterday today and tomorrow
Ghent University (Dutch: Universiteit Gent, abbreviated as UGent) is a public research university located in Ghent, Belgium. It was established in 1817 by King William I of the Netherlands. After the Belgian revolution of 1830, the newly formed Belgian state began to administer the university. In 1930, it became the first Dutch-speaking university in Belgium—French having been the academic language up to that point. In 1991, the university was granted major autonomy and changed its name from State University of Ghent (Dutch: Rijksuniversiteit Gent, abbreviated as RUG) to its current designation. It is one of the largest Flemish universities, consisting of 41,000 students and 9,000 staff members. The current rector is Anne De Paepe.
Contents
- Ghent university yesterday today and tomorrow
- History
- Faculties
- Characteristics
- Rankings
- International relations
- Notable faculty
- References
Ghent consistently rates among the top universities not only in Belgium but also throughout the world. The 2016 Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) ranked Ghent at 62nd. As of 2015, Ghent University ranks 118th globally according to Times Higher Education, 124th according to QS World University Rankings, and 71st according to the Academic Ranking of World Universities. While U.S. News & World Report Ranked Ghent 98 globally in the 2017 rankings.
History
The university in Ghent was opened on 9 October 1817, with JC van Rotterdam serving as the first rector. In the first year, it had 190 students and 16 professors. The original four faculties consisted of Humanities (Letters), Law, Medicine and Science, and the language of instruction was Latin. The university was founded by King William I as part of a policy to stem the intellectual and academic lag in the southern part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, later to become Belgium.
After peaking at a student population of 414, the number of students declined quickly following the Belgian Revolution. At this time, the Faculties of Humanities and Science were broken from the university, but they were restored five years later, in 1835. Ghent University played a big role in the foundation of modern organic chemistry. Friedrich August Kekulé (7 September 1829 – 13 July 1896) unraveled the structure of benzene at Ghent and Adolf von Baeyer (Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer), a student of August Kekulé, made seminal contributions to organic chemistry.
In 1882, Sidonie Verhelst became the first female student at the university.
French became the language of instruction, taking the place of Latin, after the 1830 Revolution. In 1903, the Flemish politician Lodewijk De Raet led a successful campaign to begin instruction in Dutch, and the first courses were begun in 1906.
During World War I, the occupying German administration conducted Flamenpolitik and turned Ghent University into the first Dutch-speaking university in Belgium. A Flemish Institute (Vlaemsche Hoogeschool), commonly known as Von Bissing University, was founded in 1916 but was disestablished after the war and French language was fully reinstated. In 1923, Cabinet Minister Pierre Nolf put forward a motion to definitively establish the university as a Dutch-speaking university, and this was realized in 1930. August Vermeylen served as the first rector of a Dutch-language university in Belgium.
In the Second World War, the German administration of the university attempted to create a German orientation, removing faculty members and installing loyal activists. However, the university became the focal point for many resistance members as the war progressed.
After the war, the university became a much larger institution, following government policy of democratizing higher education in Flanders during the 1950s and 1960s. By 1953, there were more than 3,000 students, and by 1969 more than 11,500. The number of faculties increased to eleven, starting with Applied Sciences in 1957. It was followed by Economics and Veterinary Medicine in 1968, Psychology and Pedagogy, as well as Bioengineering, in 1969, and Pharmaceutical Sciences. The faculty of Politics and Social Sciences is the most recent addition, in 1992.
In the 1960s to 1980s, there were several student demonstrations at Ghent University, notably around the Blandijn site, which houses the Faculty of Arts & Philosophy. The severest demonstrations took place in 1969 in the wake of May 1968.
The university officially changed its name from Rijksuniversiteit Gent (RUG) to Universiteit Gent (UGent) in 1991 following an increased grant of autonomy by the government of the Flemish Community.
On 1 October 2013, Anne De Paepe succeeded Paul Van Cauwenberge as rector.
Faculties
Ghent University consists of eleven Faculties, composed of more than 130 departments.
Characteristics
In contrast to the Catholic University of Leuven, or the Free University of Brussels, Ghent University considers itself a pluralist university in a special sense (i.e. not connected to any particular religion or ideology, hence its motto Inter Utrumque or 'In Between Both Extremes').
Rankings
Ghent University is consistently ranked among the best universities in Belgium and worldwide (top 100). Ghent University rises from place 85 to 62 (2016) in the recently published Shanghai ranking. Again Ghent University has the highest score of all Belgian universities in this world ranking of universities. In the 2009 THE–QS World University Rankings (From 2010 two separate rankings will be produced by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings and the QS World University Rankings) list of the top 100 universities in the world, Ghent University was ranked in 136th place. In the Times Top 50 Life Sciences Universities 2011-2012, Ghent ranked 36th. In the 2010 QS World University Rankings it was ranked 192nd, whereas the 2011 rankings placed it at 165th. In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings of 2010, it was ranked 124nd. An overview of the last years:
Ghent University was ranked 89th among world universities by the Academic Ranking of World Universities in 2012. The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), commonly known as the Shanghai ranking, is a publication that was founded and compiled by the Shanghai Jiaotong University. The rankings have been conducted since 2003 and then updated annually. An overview of the last years:
Ghent was also placed among top 95 universities in the world according to the Russian-based Global University Ranking.
International relations
The university has several partner universities in the frame of Erasmus or Erasmus Mundus. Outside Europe UGhent has exchange programs on all six continents.