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The European route E 45 goes between Sweden and Italy, through Denmark, Germany and Austria. With a length of about 4,920 kilometres (3,057 mi), it is the longest north-south European route.
Contents
Map of E45, Italy
The route passes through Karesuando (Sweden) – Gällivare – Porjus – Jokkmokk - Arvidsjaur – Östersund – Mora – Säffle – Åmål – Gothenburg … Frederikshavn (Denmark) – Aalborg – Randers - Århus – Vejle – Kolding – Frøslev – Flensburg (Germany) – Hamburg – Hanover – Göttingen – Kassel – Fulda – Würzburg – Nuremberg – Munich – Rosenheim – Wörgl (Austria) – Innsbruck – Brenner – Fortezza (Italy) – Bolzano – Trento – Verona – Modena – Bologna – Cesena – Perugia – Fiano Romano – Naples – Salerno – Sicignano – Cosenza – Villa San Giovanni … Messina – Catania – Siracusa – Gela
Finland
The E45 is not signposted in Finland , since the official document uses the Swedish version ("Karesuando") of the name of the village at the Finnish–Swedish border, hinting that it would start on the Swedish side. The Swedish government proposed the extension in 2005 and did not include the Finnish road in the proposal, which was accepted as it was. The gap between the end of E45 and the European route E8 is about 1 km along the existing Finnish regional road 959 Karesuvanto (FIN) - Karesuando (SWE)
In August 2016, after a political proposal in 2007, the governments of Norway and Finland applied for an extension of E45 Karesuando-Kaaresuvanto-Palojoensuu-Hetta-Kautokeino-Alta.
Sweden
In November 2006, the E 45 was extended with the then existing Swedish national road 45, which makes it start from Karesuando at the Swedish–Finnish border (near the E 8), over Östersund–Mora–Grums, to Gothenburg and on. This extended the length of the route by about 1,690 km (1,050 mi). The signs of road 45 was changed to E 45 during the summer of 2007. The E 45 has now no other national number. In Sweden the road is called Inlandsvägen.
The E45 in Sweden is mostly an ordinary road. Between Karesuando and Torsby (1370 km) the road is usually 6–8 meters wide, and goes mostly through sparsely populated forests, with occasional villages and only two cities above 10.000 people, Östersund and Mora. The E45 is a motorway for 6 km together with the E18 south of Grums. Between Säffle and Trollhättan several parts of it is 2+1 road with a middle barrier, totally around 40 km. Between Trollhättan and Surte there is a 52 km long motorway, finished in 2012. Between Surte and Gothenburg there is a 17 km road designed equivalently to a motorway. The exception is that there are two gaps in the Trollhättan–Surte motorway and there are two traffic lights along the Surte–Gothenburg road. The speed limit is usually 100 km/h north of Mora and usually 90 km/h south thereof. There are 27 road crossings or intersections where the Swedish E45 does not follow the straight direction. There are 26 level crossings with railways.
The ferry Gothenburg–Frederikshavn has about 7 daily departures and takes 2–3½ hours.
Denmark
In Denmark the E 45 is a motorway (speed limit 110 km/h - 130 km/h) from the south of Frederikshavn to the Denmark–Germany border. The E 45 has no other national number. It connects to the E 39 and E 20 motorways.
In 1992 it was renamed from E 3 (which actually before 1985 ended in Lisbon, Portugal) and until 2006, with the extension in Sweden, the northern endpoint was Frederikshavn.
The total length in Denmark is 357 km.
Germany
The road E 45 follows:
Between Nuremberg and Verona, Italy the E45 corresponds with the route of the old imperial road, the Via Imperii, though the Autobahns are newer roads.
Austria
The road E 45 follows:
Italy
The road E 45 follows: