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The clearing of woods and forests is the process by which vegetation, such as trees and bushes, together with their roots are permanently removed. The main aim of this process is to clear areas of forest, woodland or scrub in order to use the soil for another purpose, such as pasture land, arable farming, human settlement or the construction of roads or railways.
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Description
One definition of forest clearing is given in the Austrian federal law which governs the forestry industry which defines it as "the use of forest land for purposes other than forestry".
Sometimes a distinction is made between forest clearing or tree clearing, whereby the trees, including the stumps are cleared, and stump or root clearing where the trees are first felled and the stumps removed subsequently.
Forest clearings may result in small, isolated, treeless areas or cleared corridors, for example along rivers or other linear features. Isolated clearings frequently occur in advance of more general deforestation.
May towns and villages in Central Europe emerged during historical "clearance periods" resulting in "clearing or clearance landscapes as a form of internal colonisation. An example of this is the settlement of people in the Central Uplands in so-called Waldhufendorf villages. The names of many towns and villages in Europe derives from their origin as clearance settlements, for example, names ending in -rode (Gernrode, Wernigerode) or -reuth (Bayreuth).