Trisha Shetty (Editor)

Arno

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River mouth
  
Ligurian Sea

Length
  
241 km

Source
  
Monte Falterona

Country
  
Italy

Basin size
  
8,228 km (3,177 sq mi)

Discharge
  
110 m³/s

Mouth
  
Ligurian Sea

Arno httpsuploadwikimediaorgwikipediacommonsthu

Main source
  
Mount Falterona1,385 m (4,544 ft)

Bridges
  
Ponte Vecchio, Ponte Santa Trinita, Ponte alle Grazie

Similar
  
Ponte Vecchio, Palazzo Vecchio, Uffizi Gallery, Florence Cathedral, Palazzo Pitti

Visit italy florence firenze things to do in italy holidays the ponte vecchio arno river


The Arno is a river in the Tuscany region of Italy. It is the most important river of central Italy after the Tiber.

Contents

Map of Arno, Italy

Source and route

The river originates on Mount Falterona in the Casentino area of the Apennines, and initially takes a southward curve. The river turns to the west near Arezzo passing through Florence, Empoli and Pisa, flowing into the Tyrrhenian Sea at Marina di Pisa.

With a length of 241 kilometres (150 mi), it is the largest river in the region. It has many tributaries: Sieve at 60 kilometres (37 mi) long, Bisenzio at 49 kilometres (30 mi), and the Era, Elsa, Pesa, and Pescia. The drainage basin amounts to more than 8,200 square kilometres (3,200 sq mi) and drains the waters of the following subbasins:

  • The Casentino, in the province of Arezzo, formed by the upper course of the river until its confluence with the Maestro della Chiana channel.
  • The Val di Chiana, a plain drained in the 18th century, which until then had been a marshy area tributary of the Tiber.
  • The upper Valdarno, a long valley bordered on the east by the Pratomagno massif and on the west by the hills around Siena.
  • The Sieve's basin, which flows into the Arno immediately before Florence.
  • The middle Valdarno, with the plain including Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Prato, and Pistoia.
  • The lower Valdarno, with the valley of important tributaries such as the Pesa, Elsa, and Era and in which, after Pontedera, the Arno flows into the Ligurian Sea. The river has a very variable discharge, ranging from about 6 cubic metres per second (210 cu ft/s) to more than 2,000 cubic metres per second (71,000 cu ft/s). The mouth of the river was once near Pisa but is now several kilometres westwards.

    • It crosses Florence, where it passes below the Ponte Vecchio and the Santa Trìnita bridge (built by Bartolomeo Ammanati but inspired by Michelangelo). The river flooded this city regularly in historical times, most recently in 1966, with 4,500 cubic metres per second (160,000 cu ft/s) after rainfall of 437.2 millimetres (17.21 in) in Badia Agnano and 190 millimetres (7.5 in) in Florence, in only 24 hours.

    The flow rate of the Arno is irregular. It is sometimes described as having a torrentlike behaviour, because it can easily go from almost dry to near flood in a few days. At the point where the Arno leaves the Apennines, flow measurements can vary between 0.56 and 3,540 cubic metres per second (20 and 125,014 cu ft/s). New dams built upstream of Florence have greatly alleviated the problem in recent years.

    The flood on November 4, 1966 collapsed the embankment in Florence, killing at least 40 people and damaging or destroying millions of works of art and rare books. New conservation techniques were inspired by the disaster, but even decades later hundreds of works still await restoration.

    Etymology

    From Latin Arnus (Pliny, Natural History 3.50). The philologist Hans Krahe related this toponym on a paleo-European basis *Ar-n-, derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *er-, "flow, move".

    References

    Arno Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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