Crosses Yangtze River Material Stone Total length 2,070 m Location Quanzhou Body of water Yangtze | Design Beam bridge No. of spans 331 Province Fujian Bridge type Beam bridge Construction end 1151 | |
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Locale Quanzhou, Fujian, China Width 3 to 3.8 metres (9.8 to 12.5 ft) Address Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China Similar Luoyang Bridge, Kaiyuan Temple, Qingjing Mosque, Cao'an, Thean Hou Temple | ||
Anping Bridge (simplified Chinese: 安平桥; traditional Chinese: 安平橋; pinyin: Ānpíng Qiáo; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: An-pêng Kiô) is a Song dynasty stone beam bridge in China's Fujian province. It is 2,070 metres (1.29 mi) long. The bridge is also known as the Wuli Bridge (simplified Chinese: 五里桥; traditional Chinese: 五里橋; pinyin: Wǔ Lǐ Qiáo, literally Five Li Bridge) because its length is about 5 li, where a li is about 500 meters or 0.3 miles. It is a nationally protected historic site registered with the State Administration of Cultural Heritage.
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The bridge lies in the prefecture-level city of Quanzhou, crossing what originally was a tidal estuary of the Shijing River (石井江) that separates the town of Anhai (in the county-level city of Jinjiang) east of the river, from the town of Shuitou (in the county-level city of Nan'an) west of the river. The bridge is named after Anhai, which was formerly known as Anping.
Anping Bridge consists of 331 spans of granite beams resting on top of stone piers, the largest beam weighing 25 tons. The width of the bridge varies from 3 to 3.8 metres (9.8 to 12.5 ft). It originally had five pavilions where travelers could rest; however, only one pavilion (Shuixin Pavilion) still exists.
History
Construction of the bridge started in 1138 during the Southern Song dynasty and lasted until 1151. It was originally 811 zhang [2,223 metres (1.381 mi)] long and 1.6 zhang [4.4 metres (14 ft)] wide, with 362 spans. Upon completion, it was the longest bridge in China until 1905, inspiring the local description, "No bridge in the world is as long as this one" (simplified Chinese: 天下无桥长此桥; traditional Chinese: 天下無橋長此橋). There have been six major repairs since its opening, and the bridge is now shorter due to silting of the estuary.
Current conditions
The estuary of the Shijing River has mostly silted up in this area, and the remaining river channel under the bridge is fairly narrow. Consequently, the bridge now mostly crosses what amounts to a sequence of lakes or ponds, separated by wetlands. A modern public highway crosses the Shijing River a few hundred meters south (downstream) of the historical Anping Bridge over a fairly short bridge. The areas around the bridge are being developed into parks.