Died 1607 | ||
William Provost (Guilliame Provoost) (fl. 1556–1607) was a Protestant and a merchant who lived in Antwerp, then a city in the Netherlands. William's descendants settled in New Amsterdam (now known as New York (city)) in the early 1600s; he had famous descendants and relatives in North American history; and many North Americans can trace their lineage to William. William and his family appear to have survived the murderous rampage of the Spanish Fury in 1576. A romanticized version of William's life tells (incorrectly) that he was a Huguenot that fled Paris on the day before the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre of 1572.
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Name variants
William Provost is his anglicized name and in records, William is variously referred to as Guilliame, Ghiliam, Gulliaem, Giljaem, Gutielmus, or Willem. Provost is also spelt Provoost, Provoest, or the French form of Prévost.
The life of William Provost
William Provost "... was a merchant, and resided in the business quarter of [Antwerp]. He and his wife belonged to the then secret Protestant movement, and it seems that they attended the underground Reformed Church named "De Brabantsche Olijfbergh" [The Brabant's Mount of Olives], but to avoid the Inquisition, they, as was the custom with most Protestants in this region and time period, had their children baptized in the Roman Catholic Church of St Walburgis in their neighbourhood." (Confirmation, with minor additions and corrections, is presented in.)
The St Walburgis' Catholic Church (known as Sint Walburgis Kerk in Antwerp) no longer exists.
William Provost and his second wife, Maeijken Stevens, may have fled Antwerp in 1576 at the time of the Spanish Fury. However, this has not been confirmed. Indeed there are records for William Provost’s family in Antwerp up to 1584 (although no supporting evidence is given in that reference). Perhaps they fled and then returned. At some time William Provost and his family seem to have moved to nearby Middelburg in the Province of Zeeland. Unfortunately Middelburg's archives were destroyed during World War II.
William Provost moved to Amsterdam around 1605 and he was still alive in 1607 when his daughter Katherina married. William's will, written in 1606, lists three of his children: Elijsabeth (deceased but whose child was alive), Katherina, and Wilhelmus.
The romanticized version of William Provost's life
There is a romanticized version of historical events that have been attributed to William. Although some aspects of this version are incorrect it is important to document this version as these events have been oft quoted by his descendants.
There are two major historical references that document the romanticized version of William's life:
These references tell the story that William lived in Paris and was warned by a Colonel in the King's army about the impending St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. It is then reported that William fled to Holland with his fiancee, escaping the massacre. William was also described as "... a person of distinction and eminence ..." and "noble blood".
This version of William's life lists his children as Johannes, David, Wilhelmes, Elias, and Benjamin. Johannes was actually Wilhelmus, the father of David who emigrated to New Amsterdam (now known as New York (city)) in 1624 (see below).
There seems to have been some confusion regarding William Provost's story that was handed down to the following generations. Perhaps the story that William Provost was warned by a Colonel in the army and fled is correct ... only that it occurred in Antwerp prior to the Spanish Fury. Some of the descendants of William Provost may have incorrectly linked this event with the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in Paris.
The accurate version of William's life was determined by genealogist Hendrik O Slok, as he felt that the early history of William Provost "... has remained shrouded and vague ...".
The immediate family of William Provost
The family of William Provost [Ghiliam Provoost]:
William married Maria Karreman in 1556, William and Maria had:
1. Maijcken Provoost (ca. 1557–1584); married Hans Mertens 2. Elijsabeth Provoost (ca. 1559–); married Andries Jansz van der MuellenWilliam married Maeijken Stevens in 1564, William and Maeijken had (all baptised at St Walburgis' Catholic Church, Antwerp):
1. Anna Provoost (1566–) 2. Margareta Provoost (1567–before 1569) 3. Margareta Provoost (1569–) 4. Katherina Provoost (1570–); married Engbert Jobsz in 1607 5. Wilhelmus Provoost (1572–) 6. Sara Provoost (1573–) 7. Esther Provoost (1574–before 1605); married David Damman 8. Adam Provoost (1575–)The genealogy of some of William's descendants, that lived mainly in the New York area, is documented to at least 1895.
Famous descendants of William Provost
Famous relatives of William Provost
It has been suggested that two of William's brother fled to Switzerland. However, that William was a brother of the two has not been confirmed. Descendants of this side of the family are: