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Visa requirements for Indian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of India. As of 1 January 2017, Indian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 49 countries and territories, ranking the Indian passport 87th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Guinea-Bissauan and Turkmen passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index. Visitors engaging in activities other than tourism, including unpaid work, require a visa or work permit except for Nepal and Bhutan. Indian citizens who are not natives of the following states also require an Inner Line Permit or ILP if they are travelling to Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, or Mizoram, which are the states in the North East India. ILPs can be obtained online or at the airports of these states on arrival.
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Recent changes
Requirements for Indian citizens to have visas were recently lifted by Indonesia, Mozambique, Mauritania, and Ukraine (effective 16 April 2017).
Dependent, Disputed, or Restricted territories
Visa requirements for Indian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognised countries and restricted zones:
Reciprocity
Indian Government has not drafted any laws to mandate reciprocity in visa agreements with other countries. While a very small number bilateral agreements have ended in reciprocity in visa arrangements, a large number of visa relationships continue to be highly skewed on one side or the other.
In 2015, Iran revoked visa-on-arrival for Indian citizens after it was included as one of the eight countries in India's Prior Reference Category, which would be excluded from India's visa liberalisation plans for foreign tourists. The other countries on the list at the time were Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, Nigeria and Sudan.
Full reciprocity
India has by default achieved full reciprocity in Visa free/e-Visa Privileges with following countries:
Partial reciprocity
India has achieved partial reciprocity with following countries, where Indian Immigration rules affords the citizens of the following countries a bit lesser visa privileges than what the following countries provide for Indian Citizens:
Complete disparity (at the expense of foreign citizens)
Visa privileges provided by Indian immigration for citizens of these countries are considerably far less than Visa Privileges provided by these countries to the Indian Citizens:
Vaccination
Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zambia require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination. Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area.
Passport validity
Many countries require passport validity of no less than 6 months and one or two blank pages.
Limitations on passport use
Visitors Holding Israeli passport or any passports showing evidence of travelling to Israel are not allowed to Enter the Arab League countries due to Arab League boycott of Israel, many Arab League countries refuse entry to travelers whose passport shows evidence of entry into Israel or hold an unused Israeli visa.
Fingerprinting
Several countries including Argentina, Cambodia, Japan, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea and the United States demand all passengers to be fingerprinted on arrival.
Foreign travel statistics
According to the statistics these are the numbers of Indian visitors to various countries per annum in 2015 (unless otherwise noted):