Timeline of Peshawar

Prior to 19th century

127 CE - Purushapura becomes eastern capital of Buddhist kingdom Gandhara (approximate date).

978 CE - Sabaktagin defeats Jayapala.

1001 - 27 November: Battle of Peshawar; Mahmud of Ghazni in power.

1006 - Mahmud of Ghazni defeats Anandapala.

1180 - Mu'izz-Ud-Din Muhammad Ibn Sam in power.

1630 - Mohabbat Khan Mosque built.

1758 - 8 May: Battle of Peshawar; Marathas in power.

19th century

1810 - Wazir Bagh (garden) laid out.

1825 - Sikh Ranjit Singh in power.

1834

Hari Singh Nalwa in power.

Bala Hissar (fort) rebuilt.

1838 - Italian Paolo Avitabile in power.

1849

British in power.

Gorak Nath Temple built.

1850s - Grand Trunk Road Lahore-Peshawar extension constructed (approximate date).

1851 - Peshawar cemetery established.

1860 - Flood.

1867 - Municipality constituted.

1868

British Peshawar Cantonment laid out near city.

Population: 56,589 (city); 58,555 (municipality).

1881 - Population: 79,982.

1882 - Sethi Mohallah residence built.

1883 - All Saints Church opens in cantonment.

1891 - Population: 54,191.

20th century

1900

Cunningham clock tower built.

Edwardes College established.

1901

City becomes capital of the North-West Frontier Province.

Population: 95,147.

1906 - Victoria Hall built.

1907 - Peshawar Museum founded.

1909 - Ancient Buddhist Kanishka casket discovered by archaeologists in Shah-ji-Dheri near city.

1913 - Islamia College established.

1922 - Kapoor Haveli (residence) built.

1925 - Khaiber railway built.

1930

23 April: Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre.

Novelty cinema opens.

1932 - Khyber Mail newspaper begins publication.

1934 - Landsdowne cinema opens.

1936 - Radio station begins broadcasting.

1939 - Al Falah newspaper begins publication.

1941

Al-Jamiat-e-Sarhad newspaper begins publication.

Population: 130,967.

Independence

1947 - City becomes part of the Dominion of Pakistan.

1948 - City becomes capital of the Peshawar province.

1949 - Frontier Corps military reserve headquartered in Bala Hissar (fort).

1950

University of Peshawar established.

Shahab-e-saqib and Qallandar Urdu-language newspapers begin publication.

1951 - Population: 114,000.

1954 - Khyber Medical College established.

1955

City becomes part of West Pakistan.

The Statesman English-language newspaper begins publication.

Abasin Arts Society established.

1956 - City becomes part of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

1958 - Amal newspaper begins publication.

1964 - Peshawar Press Club founded.

1965 - Bacha Khan International Airport in operation.

1975

Qayyum Stadium opens.

Hayatabad suburb established.

1976 - Wahdat Pashto-language newspaper begins publication.

1977 - Shahādat newspaper begins publication.

1980 - May: Explosion at Jamiat Islami Afghanistan headquarters.

1981

Population: 555,000.

Kacha Garhi refugee camp established near city.

1982

Jalozai Afghan refugee camp in operation.

Afghan Islamic Press news agency established.

1984 - Mujāhid Wulas newspaper begins publication.

1985

Karkhano Market and Nishtar Hall established.

The Frontier Post (English-language) newspaper begins publication.

1987 - Frontier Times in publication (approximate date).

1988 - Al-Qaeda Islamist group organized.

1996 - Qalb-e-Asia Cultural Centre established.

1998 - Population: 982,816.

21st century

2004 - Peshawar Panthers (cricket team) formed.

2008 - 5 December: Bombing.

2009

8 March: Bombing at Rahman Baba shrine.

9 June: Pearl Continental hotel bombing.

August: Bombing.

9 October: Bombing in Khyber Bazaar.

Amn Tehrik (peace effort) launched.

2010

19 April: Bombing in Qissa Khawani Bazaar.

July: Flood.

Air pollution in Peshawar reaches annual mean of 111 PM2.5 and 540 PM10, much higher than recommended.

2011

PIA Planetarium inaugurated.

Saeed Book Bank closes.

10 May: Car bomb kills journalist.

12 June: Bombings in Khyber market area.

2012 - 15 December: 2012 Peshawar airport attack.

2013 - 21 June: Bombing at Shiite mosque in Gulshan Colony.