Neha Patil (Editor)

Timeline of Cartagena, Colombia

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.

Contents

Prior to 19th century - Colonial era

  • 1500 - Rodrigo de Bastidas approaches to Cartagena's bay, naming it Barú bay.
  • 1503 - The catholic queen Isabel issue a royal decree, naming the Barú bay as the Cartagena's bay, due to its similarity with Cartagena (España)
  • 1523 - Gonzalo Fernandez de Oviedo obtains permission to commerce in Cartagena's bay and near regions.
  • 1525 - Fernandez de Oviedo obtains the capitulation to conquer the actual terrains of Cartagena.
  • 1533 - Cartagena founded by Spaniard Pedro de Heredia. It becomes one of the "major naval and merchant marine bases of the Spanish empire."
  • 1534 - Catholic Diocese of Cartagena established.
  • 1536
  • Castillo San Felipe de Barajas (fort) construction begins.
  • Cartagena obtains the dominance of the Morrosquillo Gulf and the terrains of the Sinú indigenous people.
  • 1538 - The Spanish crown authorizes taxes to the Indigenous people.
  • 1539 - Indigenous population: 500 approx. Population has decreased due to diseases and confrontations with colonizers.
  • 1550 - Heredia becomes governor of Cartagena.
  • 1552 - A big fire occurs.
  • 1559 - French Martin Cote assaults Cartagena.
  • 1561 - The Nuevo Muelle dock is built, made up of wood.
  • 1563 - Jean-François Roberval plunders the city.
  • 1565 - 1.000 inhabitants.
  • 1568 - John Hawkins invades and assaults Cartagena for 8 days.
  • 1574
  • Francis Drake assaults Cartagena and destroys 1/4 of the city.
  • Rey Felipe II gives Cartagena the title of city.
  • 1575 - Cartagena is recognized with the "Noble and Loyal" city title, as Cartageneros were Pro-Spanish Crown.
  • 1578 - Convento de Santo Domingo (Cartagena) construction begins.
  • 1579
  • Cartagena attains Spanish colonial city status.
  • San Juan de Dios Hospital builds its second floor.
  • 1580 - The Saint Augustine convent is founded.
  • 1582 - Canal del Dique built.
  • 1586 - Battle of Cartagena de Indias (1586).
  • 1595 - By the visit of the military engineer Bautista Antonelli, Cartagena's cobbled streets are traced.
  • 1603 - The Espiritú Santo hospital is founded in Getsemaní.
  • 1610 - Rey Felipe III establishes the Tribunal de Penas del Santo Oficio de la Inquisición.
  • 1612 - Cartagena Cathedral built.
  • 1614
  • The Tribunal de Penas del Santo Oficio de la Inquisición proceeds with the first "act of faith".
  • Stonework starts at Baluarte de Santo Domingo for the construction of the wall.
  • 1620 - Getsemaní is completely edificated. Its cabidity under the construction of Cartagena's wall is debated.
  • 1625 - The Aduana building is concluded.
  • 1630 - Population: 6.000
  • 1635 - The famous Cartagena Wall is completed, making Cartagena a military hub.
  • 1636 - A group of Portuguese immigrants are submitted to an "act of faith", accused of practicing judaism.
  • 1646 - Castillo de San Luis de Bocachica (fort) construction begins.
  • 1651 - Yellow fever epidemic in Cartagena.
  • 1654 - Church of San Pedro Claver built.
  • 1657 - El fuerte de San Felipe (fort) is built over the San Lázaro hill.
  • 1683 - Raid on Cartagena (1683).
  • 1684 - Population: 7.341
  • 1697 - May 6: Raid on Cartagena (1697).
  • 1708 - Wager's Action, a naval confrontation on 8 June 1708, between a British squadron under Charles Wager and the Spanish treasure fleet off the coast near Cartagena
  • 1709 - Population: 4.556
  • 1710 - The city is fully recovered from what the last raid destroyed.
  • 1717 - Cartagena becomes part of the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Granada.
  • 1730 - The San Carlos Hospital and the Poors Hospital open.
  • 1732 - El templo Santo Toribio (temple) built.
  • 1735 - Franciscan Church of the Third Order built.
  • 1741 - Battle of Cartagena de Indias.
  • 1757 - Governor of Cartagena dictates the closing of Bocagrande's channel, making a peninsula, now called Bocagrande.
  • 1767 - After the expulsion of the jesuits the San Juan de Dios hospital is relocated.
  • 1769 - El fuerte de San Felipe is reinforced and enlarged by Antonio de Árevalo, becoming the biggest fort in Cartagena.
  • 1770 - Palace of Inquisition built (approximate date).
  • 1777 - 13.700 inhabitants.
  • 1780 - El espigón de La Tenaza (shore end) built.
  • 1785 - Antonio de Árevalo builds nine installations for ill people in Caño del Oro, Tierrabomba island.
  • 1795 - Consulado (merchant guild) established.
  • 1796 - Military barracks (known as Bóvedas) aside of the wall, are finished.

    • 19th century

  • 1809 - 17.600 inhabitants.
  • 1810 - May 22: Cartagena declares independence from Spanish colonial rule.
  • 1811 - Cartagena becomes part of the newly formed United Provinces of New Granada.
  • 1815
  • March: Simón Bolívar blocks Cartagena for two months and takes military weapons in order to recuperate sister city Santa Marta.
  • August: Asedio de Cartagena occurs during the independence war of Colombia, losing 1/3 of the population.
  • Population: 18.708
  • 1816
  • Pablo Morillo returns to Cartagena, in the so-called "reconquest".
  • The nine martyrs are written off by the court-martial, accusing them of betrayal to the Spanish crown.
  • 1821
  • Royalists surrender Cartagena to Simón Bolivar's forces after a 21-month siege.
  • Cartagena becomes capital of the Magdalena department.
  • 1824 - War of independence finishes.
  • 1827 - University of Cartagena established.
  • 1835 - 11.929 inhabitants, population decreased significantly since the independence.
  • 1843 - Bartolomé Calvo Library founded.
  • 1849
  • Cholera plague hits Cartagena, 1/3 of the population decease.
  • El Porvenir newspaper begins publication.
  • 1850 - La Republica newspaper begins publication.
  • 1857 - The province of Cartagena is designated the name of Bolívar department, in honor to Simón Bolívar.
  • 1870 - El camellón de los Mártires (median strip) built, making a social place for the Cartagenero.
  • 1885 - The ermitage of El cabrero is built by the 4 times president Rafael Nuñez for his wife.
  • 1888 - A republican-style clock tower, Torre del reloj (Cartagena) is built over the entrance of the wall.
  • 1889 - Public Library José Fernandez de Madrid opens.
  • 1891 - El Espinal, El Cabrero, Manga and Pie de La Popa, become townships.
  • 1892 - Dispute on the terrains of La Boquilla.
  • 1894
  • Cartagena's railway inaugurated, connecting the capital of the Bolivar department to the Magdalena river.
  • Muelle de la Machina (dock) inaugurated.
  • 1896 - Bolivar statue erected in Bolívar Park (Cartagena, Colombia).
  • 1898 - After a big depression, economy recuperates. Volume of exportation: 34.653 tons.

    • 20th century - Republican era

  • 1904 - Mercado de Getsemaní (public market building) inaugurated.
  • 1905
  • The wall gate "Paz y progreso" is opened while the controversial "murallicidio".
  • Urbanization in the Manga island starts, it is held by Henrique Luis Román who also built the H.L Román bridge. Connecting Getsemaní and Manga.
  • Population: 9.861
  • 1907 - Bolivar bank building inaugurated.
  • 1909 - Industrial park "El limbo" operates.
  • 1911 - Teatro Heredia and Centenary Park (Cartagena) opens.
  • 1912 - Demographic rate peaks to 3.2% until 1951. Important immigration to the city takes place.
  • 1915 - Chamber of Commerce of Cartagena founded, 150 companies registered.
  • 1918 - Population: 50.000
  • 1920
  • "Compañia Colombiana de Navegación Aerea" (airline) builds an airport in the terrains of Bocagrande.
  • Club Cartagena opens.
  • 1923 - An oil pipeline is built between "Las Infantas" camp in Santander and Cartagena's bay.
  • 1928
  • Banco de la Republica [national bank) building inaugurated, designed by the recognized Belgian architect, Joseph Martens.
  • The Spirit of Saint Louis lands in Cartagena's airport.
  • 1930
  • SCADTA (airline) builds an airfield in the Manzanillo island.
  • The Andean corporation urbanizes Bocagrande's peninsula giving shelter and entertainment to its workers.
  • 1931
  • Fire in "La Machina" port.
  • US president Franklin D. Roosevelt visits Cartagena.
  • 1934
  • Port of Cartagena inaugurated.
  • September: Naval base "ARC Bolívar" is inaugurated in Bocagrande.
  • Miss Colombia beauty pageant begins.
  • 1938
  • Population: 73,190.
  • Water bombing from canal del Dique, and water purification in Piedra de Bolívar starts.
  • 1939 - Club de Pesca of Cartagena (fishing club of Cartagena) founded in the Fuerte de San Sebastian del Pastelillo.
  • 1941 - the Caribe Hotel in business.
  • 1947
  • LANSA (Colombia) (airline) builds two runways in the Crespo suburb. Called "Airport of Crespo".
  • Estadio Once de Noviembre (stadium) opens.
  • 1948 - El Universal newspaper begins publication.
  • 1951 - Service of Cartagena's railroad is suspended due to navigability through Canal del Dique.
  • 1956 - Cartagena Refinery of oil commissioned.
  • 1958 - Estadio Jaime Morón León (stadium) opens.
  • 1959 - Cartagena's historic center is declared a national monument.
  • 1960 - Cartagena Film Festival begins.
  • 1961
  • Comfenalco (Compensation fund of Cartagena) established.
  • Navy cadet school Almirante Padilla moved to the Manzanillo island.
  • 1965 - Fire destroys the Mercado de Getsemaní (public market).
  • 1967 - Mamonal industrial complex consolidated.
  • 1968 - Santander Avenue inaugurated, an important avenue which rounds the Cartagena wall.
  • 1970 - Universidad Tecnologica de Bolivar first private university in the city, founded.
  • 1974
  • Private-state enterprise Ecopetrol takes the administration of the Cartagena oil refinery.
  • Statue of India Catalina erected in La Matuna.
  • 1977 - New public market Bazurto is built. The building is recognized as architectural heritage of Colombia.
  • 1978 - The semi destroyed Mercado de Getsemaní is finally demolished.
  • 1979 - Centro de conveciones Julio Cesar Turbay Ayala (convention center) starts its construction.
  • 1980
  • Hilton Cartagena inaugurated, becoming the first Hilton Hotel in Colombia.
  • La Vitrola restaurant in business.
  • 1982
  • Caribbean Music Festival begins.
  • Museo del Oro (Cartagena) (gold museum) inaugurated.
  • 1984
  • Cartagena's colonial walled city and fortress designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  • Archivo Historico de Cartagena (historical registry of Cartagena) established.
  • Romancing The Stone filmed in Cartagena's historic center.
  • 1985
  • García Márquez's fictional Love in the Time of Cholera published.
  • Population: 513,986.
  • 1986 - The airport of Crespo is renamed as Rafael Nuñez in tribute to the centenary of the constitution.
  • 1991 - Cartagena is declared touristic and cultural district of Colombia.
  • 1993 - Sociedad Portuaria de Cartagena acquires the administration of Cartagena's port.
  • 1996 - SACSA (airline) acquires the administration of the Rafael Núñez International Airport.
  • 1997 - Jorge Artel Library is opened, it serves to the southwestern districts, the poorest ones.
  • 1999 - The American Hispanic Culture Library opens.

    • 21st century

  • 2003 - Transcaribe transit system construction begins.
  • 2005
  • 875.730 inhabitants according to national census.
  • Torre de la Escollera construction begins.
  • 2006
  • July: XX Central American and Caribbean games celebrated in Cartagena.
  • Ecopetrol and Glencore establish the Sociedad Refinería de Cartagena SA (Cartagena's refinery society).
  • 2008
  • Judith Pinedo Flórez becomes mayor.
  • Caribe Plaza opens.
  • 2012
  • April: Summit of the Americas held in Cartagena.
  • Campo Elías Terán becomes mayor, succeeded by Carlos Otero Gerdts.
  • Mall Plaza El Castillo opens.
  • 2013
  • Marine outfall inaugurated.
  • Dionisio Vélez becomes mayor.
  • 2014
  • Cartagena's population reaches 1 million inhabitants.
  • Bocagrande Plaza opens.
  • 2015
  • October: Modernization and ampliation of the Cartagena's refinery finishes.
  • November: Transcaribe BRT starts operating.
  • December: Sunken 18th century Spanish galleon San José rediscovered offshore.
  • 2016
  • February: The planified city, Serena Del Mar, starts its construction in the north of Cartagena.
  • September: Peace accords between the Colombian Government and the FARC are signed in the Turbay Ayala convention center, assembling presidents from different countries, and big personalities such as Ban Ki Moon.
  • 2017 - Children's Baseball stadium, Mono Judas Araújo, rebuilt.

    • References

    Timeline of Cartagena, Colombia Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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