Standard J

Updated on Oct 11, 2024

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Wingspan 13 m

Manufacturer Standard Aircraft Corporation

American standard jazz bass demo fender

The Standard J was a two-seat basic trainer two-bay biplane produced in the United States from 1916 to 1918, powered by a four-cylinder inline Hall-Scott A-7a engine. It was constructed from wood with wire bracing and fabric covering. The J-1 was built as a stopgap to supplement the Curtiss JN-4 in production.

Standard J Standard J Series Specifications Technical Data Description

Dumas standard j 1 full flight

Development

Charles Healy Day had designed the preceding Sloan H series of aircraft, and continued the line under the Standard Aero Corporation (later Standard Aircraft Corporation). Four companies, Standard, Dayton-Wright, Fisher Body, and Wright-Martin, delivered 1,601 J-1s between June 1917 and June 1918. The Standard J-1 can be differentiated from the Curtiss JN series by its slightly swept-back wing planform, triangular king posts above the upper wings, and the front legs of the landing gear which were mounted behind the lower wing's leading edge, just about where the forward wing spar of the lower wing panel attaches to the fuselage.

Operational history

Standard J Collections 1918 STANDARD J1 Owls Head Transportation Museum

Although produced in large numbers, its four-cylinder Hall-Scott A-7a engine was unreliable and vibrated badly. While JN-4 production outnumbered J-1s by about two to one to June 1918, fatalities in JN-4s versus J-1s was about seven to one as a result of the limited use of the J-1s. Few later production J-1s left their delivery crates.

Standard J EAA39s Standard J1 Returns HistoryNet

In June 1918, all Standard J-1s were grounded, although training remained intensive. Sufficient JN-4s were available to meet training needs, and at $2,000 per aircraft it was not cost-effective to convert them to use Curtiss OX-5 engines. Contracts for 2,600+ JS-1s were canceled, and those not used for ground instruction by the US Army were sold as surplus or scrapped. Curtiss, which produced its competitor (the Curtiss JN) bought surplus J-1s which they modified with different powerplants, for resale.

Standard J 1917 Standard J1 Fantasy of Flight

Many J-1s were flown by civilian flying schools, and for joy-riding and barnstorming operations, until they were worn out, or were forced into retirement by new air transport legislation in 1927 which banned passenger aircraft with wood structures due to a number of high-profile accidents.

Variants

Sloan H series: trainers and reconnaissance aircraft from 1913

Standard H series: production by Standard of Sloan H-series

Standard J: first Standard-designed variant

Standard J-1: trainer for U.S. Army

Standard SJ-1: J-1 with additional pair of forward wheels to prevent noseovers

Standard JR-1: advanced trainer for US Army

Standard JR-1B: mail carrier for US Post Office, modification of JR-1

Standard E-4: redesignated JR-1B mailcarrier

War-surplus conversions

Standard J Standard J1 gt National Museum of the US Air Force gt Display

Curtiss Night Mail: 1922 mailplane conversion of J-1 by Curtiss with new wings (about 6 converted)

Lincoln Standard L.S.5: J-1 modified with an open cockpit for four passengers

Nicholas-Beazley-Standard: J-1 aircraft modified by Nicholas-Beazley

Ryan Standard: J-1 with a 180 hp Hispano Suiza engine and an enclosed cabin for four passengers fitted by the Ryan Flying Company (9 converted)

Sikorsky Standard: civil trainer with Sikorsky-Gluhareff Parasol wing (also known as Standard SJ)

Operators

United States

US Army Air Service

US Navy

US Post Office

The San Diego – Los Angeles Airlines

Survivors

Over a dozen J-1s are on display or being restored. Others projects are incomplete and awaiting restoration.

Two J-1s are on display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio.

One has a 100 hp Hall-Scott A-4A engine is displayed uncovered.

The second displayed J-1 (s/n 1141) has the rarer 100 hp Curtiss OXX-6 engine.

A Hispano-Suiza J-1 (s/n 1956) is displayed at EAA AirVenture Museum.

A OXX-6-powered J-1 (s/n 2434 registered and flown as N9477) is part of the collection of the Cass County, North Dakota's Bonanzaville, U.S.A. Museum but is currently on loan to the Fargo Air Museum.

Hispano-Suiza 8-powered Standard J-1 s/n 581 is displayed and flown, at the Owls Head Transportation Museum, Owls Head, Maine

s/n 823H on loan to Glenn H. Curtiss Museum, Hammondsport, New York from the Henry Ford Museum,

s/n 1000 James Hammond, Yellow Springs, Ohio

s/n 1582 Kermit Weeks, is displayed at Fantasy of Flight in Polk City, Florida (composite of two aircraft)

"N62505" Historic Aircraft Museum, Creve Coeur Airport, Missouri.

s/n 1598 reported existent, location unknown

s/n 2969 Michael Cilurso, Schnecksville, Pennsylvania (assembled from original components – period kit)

s/n 4598 is displayed at the Pioneer Flight Museum, Kingsbury, Texas.

s/n 5083 is displayed at the San Diego Aerospace Museum with a Wright-Hispano E-2 with E-3 heads. It was previously part of Cole Palen's Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome Collection, in Rhinebeck, New York.

One, s/n unknown, was being restored by John Barker, Contoocook, New Hampshire.

One, s/n unknown, was being restored for the Golden Age Air Museum, Bethel, Pennsylvania.

Specifications (SJ)

Data from The Standard Aero Corporation Model J Training Tractor

General characteristics

Crew: 2

Length: 26 ft 7 in (8.10 m)

Upper wingspan: 43 ft 11 in (13.39 m)

Lower wingspan: 32 ft (9.8 m)

Height: 10 ft 10 in (3.30 m)

Wing area: 429 sq ft (39.9 m²)

Airfoil: R.A.F No 3

Empty weight: 1,350 lb (612 kg)

Gross weight: 1,950 lb (885 kg)

Fuel capacity: 31 US gal (26 imp gal; 120 L)

Powerplant: 1 × Hall-Scott A-7 air-cooled straight-4 engine, 100 hp (75 kW)

Performance

Maximum speed: 68 mph (109 km/h; 59 kn)

Stall speed: 37 mph (60 km/h; 32 kn)

Range: 350 mi (304 nmi; 563 km)

Time to altitude: 10 minutes to 2,600 ft (790 m)

References

Standard J Wikipedia

(Text) CC BY-SA