National conservatism is a variant of conservatism that concentrates more on national interests and upholding cultural and ethnic identity than most other conservatives. In Europe, national conservatives are usually eurosceptics. National conservatism is also related to traditionalist conservatism.
Most conservative parties in postcommunist Central and Southeastern Europe since 1989 have been national conservative.
National conservative parties are "socially traditional" and support the traditional family and social stability. According to the Austrian political scientist Sieglinde Rosenberger, "national conservatism praises the family as a home and a centre of identity, solidarity and emotion." Many national conservatives are thus social conservatives, as well as in favour of limiting immigration and enacting law-and-order policies.
National conservative parties in different countries do not necessarily share a common position on economic policy: their views may range from support of a planned economy to a centrist mixed economy to a laissez-faire approach. In the first, more common, case, national conservatives can be distinguished from fiscal conservatives, for whom free market economic policies, deregulation and tight spending are the main priorities. Some commentators have indeed identified a growing gap between national and economic conservatism: "most parties of the Right [today] are run by economic conservatives who, in varying degrees, have marginalized social, cultural, and national conservatives."
The following political parties have been characterised as national conservative, at least as one of their ideological influences.
Åland — Future of Åland
Algeria — Algerian National Front
Albania — Democratic Party of Albania, Republican Party of Albania, Albanian Alternative
Armenia — Republican Party of Armenia
Australia — One Nation, Australian Liberty Alliance, Christian Democratic Party, Family First Party
Azerbaijan — Motherland Party, Civic Solidarity Party
Bolivia — Nationalist Democratic Action
Bosnia and Herzegovina — Party of Democratic Action, Croatian Democratic Union BiH, Party of Democratic Progress
Bulgaria — IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement, Union of Democratic Forces, Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria, Democratic Party
Chile — Independent Democratic Union
Croatia — Croatian Democratic Union, Croatian Party of Rights dr. Ante Starčević, Croatian Party of Rights
Cyprus — Solidarity Movement
Czech Republic — Civic Democratic Party, Coalition for Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia, Realists, Dawn - National Coalition, National Democracy, Order of Nation, Party of Civic Rights
Denmark — Danish People's Party, Danish Unity
Estonia — Pro Patria and Res Publica Union, Conservative People's Party of Estonia, Estonian Free Party
Finland — Finns Party
France — Movement for France, National Front, France Arise
Germany — Alternative for Germany, Christian Social Union in Bavaria (partially), The Republicans, Pro Germany Citizens' Movement
Greece — Independent Greeks, Democratic Revival, Popular Orthodox Rally
Hungary — Fidesz
India — Bharatiya Janata Party
Israel — Yisrael Beiteinu, Likud
Italy — Brothers of Italy, The Right, Northern League (factions)
Japan – Liberal Democratic Party, Party for Japanese Kokoro
Latvia — National Alliance
Lebanon — Kataeb Party, Lebanese Forces
Liechtenstein — Progressive Citizens' Party
Lithuania — Homeland Union, Order and Justice
Luxembourg — Alternative Democratic Reform Party
Macedonia — Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity, United for Macedonia
Montenegro — New Serb Democracy, Democratic People's Party, Democratic Party of Unity
Morocco — Istiqlal Party
Nepal — Rastriya Prajatantra Party
Norway — Progress Party
Philippines — Nacionalista Party
Poland — Law and Justice, Solidary Poland, Congress of the New Right
Portugal — CDS – People's Party
Romania — United Romania Party
Russia — United Russia
Serbia — Serbian Progressive Party, Democratic Party of Serbia, Democratic Serb Party, New Serb Democracy
Slovakia - Slovak National Party
Slovenia — Slovenian Democratic Party,
South Africa - National Conservative Party of South Africa
South Korea — Saenuri Party
Spain — Vox, Spanish Alternative
Sweden — Sweden Democrats
Switzerland — Swiss People's Party, Federal Democratic Union, Swiss Democrats, Geneva Citizens' Movement, Ticino League
Taiwan – Kuomintang
Turkey — Justice and Development Party, Nationalist Movement Party, Homeland Party
Ukraine — Ukrainian Republican Party
United Kingdom — United Kingdom Independence Party, Democratic Unionist Party, Traditional Unionist Voice,
United States — Constitution Party, Republican Party (factions)
Italy — National Alliance
Czech Republic — National Party, National Unity
Romania — Conservative Party
San Marino — Sammarinese People
Slovakia — People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia
Mandal, U.C. (2007). Dictionary Of Public Administration. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-8-1762-5784-8.
