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Louis Néel

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Institutions
  
CNRS, Grenoble

Name
  
Louis Neel


Role
  
Physicist

Fields
  
Solid-state physics

Louis Neel Lumires sur RhneAlpes Rception en l39honneur du

Born
  
Louis Eugene Felix Neel 22 November 1904 Lyon, France (
1904-11-22
)

Alma mater
  
Ecole Normale Superieure and University of Strasbourg

Known for
  
Neel effect Neel relaxation theory

Died
  
November 17, 2000, Brive-la-Gaillarde, France

Education
  
University of Strasbourg, Lycee du Parc, Ecole Normale Superieure

Awards
  
Nobel Prize in Physics, Holweck Prize

Notable awards
  
Nobel Prize in Physics (1970), Royal Society (1966), Legion of Honour (1966)

Louis Néel | Wikipedia audio article


Louis Eugène Félix Néel ForMemRS (22 November 1904 – 17 November 2000) was a French physicist born in Lyon.

Contents

Biography

Louis Néel httpsuploadwikimediaorgwikipediacommonsthu

Néel studied at the Lycée du Parc in Lyon and was accepted at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. He obtained the degree of Doctor of Science at the University of Strasbourg. He was corecipient (with the Swedish astrophysicist Hannes Alfvén) of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1970 for his pioneering studies of the magnetic properties of solids. His contributions to solid state physics have found numerous useful applications, particularly in the development of improved computer memory units. About 1930 he suggested that a new form of magnetic behavior might exist; called antiferromagnetism, as opposed to ferromagnetism. Above a certain temperature (the Néel temperature) this behaviour stops. Néel pointed out (1948) that materials could also exist showing ferrimagnetism. Néel has also given an explanation of the weak magnetism of certain rocks, making possible the study of the history of Earth's magnetic field.

He is the instigator of the Polygone Scientifique in Grenoble.

Awards and honours

Néel received numerous awards and honours for his work including:

Awards

Louis Néel CNRS The National Center for Scientific Research CNRS Gold medalists

  • Hughes Prize of the Académie des sciences (1935)
  • Félix Robin Prize of the Société française de physique (1938)
  • André Blondel Medal (1948)
  • Grand prix du conseil de l’association « Au service de la pensée française » (1949)
  • Holweck Prize (1952)
  • Three Physicists Prize (1963)
  • Gold Medal of CNRS (1965)
  • Elected Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1966
  • Nobel Prize in Physics (1970)
  • Great Gold Medal of l’Électronique (1971)
  • Great Gold Medal of the Société d’encouragement pour la recherche et l’invention (1973)
  • Founding member of the World Cultural Council (1981).

    • Owing to his involvement in national defense, particularly through research in the protection of warships by demagnetization against magnetic mines, he received numerous distinctions:

  • Légion d'honneur:
  • Knight (for exceptional military services) (1940)
  • Officer (1951)
  • Commander(1958)
  • Grand Officier de la Légion d'honneur (1966)
  • Grand Cross (1974)
  • Croix de Guerre with Palms (1940)
  • Commander of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques (1957)
  • Knight of the Social Order of Merit (1963)
  • Grand Cross of the National Order of Merit (1972)

    • The Louis Néel Medal - awarded annually by the European Geophysical Society is named in Néels honour.

    References

    Louis Néel Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA