List of Brazilian scientists

This is a list of Brazilian scientists, those born in Brazil or who have established citizenship or residency there.

Carolina Martuscelli Bori, psychologist and president of Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência entre 1986 e 1989

Manuel de Abreu, physician, inventor of abreugraphy (mass radiography of the lungs for screening tuberculosis)

Aziz Ab'Saber, geographer; geologist; ecologist recognized for the Theory of Refuges and Amazon studies; former president of the SBPC

Fernando Flávio Marques de Almeida, geologist

Carlos Paz de Araújo, scientist and inventor, holds nearly 600 patents in the area of nanotechnology

José Márcio Ayres, biologist, zoologist, primatologist

Marcia Barbosa, physicist

Wilson Teixeira Beraldo, co-discoverer of bradykinin

Thaisa Storchi Bergmann, astrophysicist at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Carlos Augusto Bertulani, physicist

Vital Brazil, physician and scientist, discoverer of the antivenom for snakes and other venomous animals

Ennio Candotti, physicist and scientific leader

Fernando Henrique Cardoso, sociologist and former President

José Cândido de Melo Carvalho, biologist, zoologist, entomologist

Carlos Chagas, biologist, zoologist, public health worker

Evandro Chagas, physician and biomedical scientist specialized in tropical medicine; son of Carlos Chagas

Gauss Moutinho Cordeiro, mathematician and statistician

Vera Cordeiro, social entrepreneur and physician

Newton da Costa (1929), mathematician and logician, recognised for his works in paraconsistent logic

Oswaldo Cruz, physician and public health champion, eliminated yellow fever, bubonic plague and smallpox in Rio de Janeiro at the turn of the 20th century

Emmanuel Dias-Neto, biologist and geneticist; described the sequencing methodology ORESTES

Johanna Döbereiner (1924–2000), biologist, discoverer of the nitrogen fixing role of soil bacteria

Adolpho Ducke, Croatian-Brazilian biologist; zoologist; entomologist; botanist

Florestan Fernandes (1920–1995), father of Brazilian sociology

Sérgio Henrique Ferreira, physician and pharmacologist, discovered the active principle of a drug for hypertension

Carlos Chagas Filho, physician and physiologist, former president of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, former president of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences; son of Carlos Chagas

Hércules Florence, pioneer of photography

Santiago Americano Freire (1908–1997), physician and professor of pharmacology, psychiatrist, writer, painter

Gilberto Freyre (1900–1987), historiographer and sociologist

Celso Furtado, noted economist and ideologue of economy of developing nations

Wagner Farid Gattaz, physician and scientist, member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences

Marcelo Gleiser, physicist, writer and professor of physics and astronomy at the Dartmouth College since 1991

José Goldemberg, physicist, former Minister of Science & Technology and Dean of the University of São Paulo

Émil Göldi, Swiss-Brazilian biologist; zoologist; naturalist

Bartolomeu de Gusmão, Brazilian Catholic priest, pioneer of aviation, the inventor of the balloon, became known as the "flying priest"

Jacques Hüber, Swiss-Brazilian biologist; botanist

Ivan Izquierdo, physician and neuroscientist; discovered neural mechanisms of memory

Jean Paul Jacob, electronic engineer, researcher and professor, research manager at the Almaden IBM Research Center, California

Adib Jatene, heart surgeon

Alexander Kellner, Liechtensteinian/Brazilian paleontologist

Warwick Estevam Kerr, geneticist, researcher on the biology and genetics of bees

Eduardo Krieger, physician and physiologist, former president of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences

César Lattes, experimental physicist, co-discoverer of the pion, a type of subatomic particle, first president of the Brazilian National Research Council

Aristides Leão, physician and physiologist, discovered Leão's depression, a phenomenon of nervous tissue

Ângelo Moreira da Costa Lima (1887–1964), doctor, entomologist

Henrique da Rocha Lima, physician, pathologist and infectologist, discovered Rickettsia prowazekii, the pathogen of epidemic typhus

José Leite Lopes, theoretical physicist

Adolfo Lutz, physician and pioneer of public health

José Lutzenberger (1926–2002), ecologist and zoologist

Daniel Martins-de-Souza, biologist; biochemist

Roberto Landell de Moura, pioneer of telephony

Fritz Müller, German-Brazilian biologist; zoologist; botanist; naturalist; entomologist

Miguel Nicolelis, neuroscientist, one of Scientific American's best scientists of 2004

Jacob Palis, mathematician of international fame, current president of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences

Maurício Peixoto, engineer, mathematician, pioneered the studies on structural stability, author of Peixoto's theorem

Domingos Soares Ferreira Penna, biologist, zoologist, naturalist

José Aristodemo Pinotti, physician and gynecologist, former president of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Marcos Pontes, first Brazilian astronaut, Expedition 13

André Rebouças (1838–1898), pioneer engineer, brother of Antônio Rebouças Filho

José Reis, biologist, greatest Brazilian science writer

Gilberto Righi, biologist, zoologist, specialist on earthworms

Milton Santos (1926–2001), geographer, won the Vautrin Lud International Geography Prize, the highest award that can be gained in the field of geography

Alberto Santos-Dumont, aviator and inventor

Mário Schenberg, theoretical physicist

Helmut Sick, German-Brazilian biologist; zoologist; ornithologist

Lotar Siewerdt, agronomist; forage production

Manuel Augusto Pirajá da Silva, responsible for the identification and complete description of the pathogenic agent and the pathophysiological cycle of schistosomiasis disease

Maurício Rocha e Silva, physician and pharmacologist, discovered bradykinin, an active cardiovascular peptide

Nise da Silveira (1905–1999), psychiatrist and mental health reformer

Jorge Stolfi, computer scientist, professor at UNICAMP

Jayme Tiomno, experimental and theoretical nuclear physicist

Paulo Emílio Vanzolini, biologist, zoologist, herpetologist

Glaci Zancan, biochemist

Mayana Zatz, biologist and geneticist

Euryclides Zerbini, heart surgeon, pioneer of first heart transplant in Brazil