Kader Bahini (Force of Kader) was a guerrilla independence militia during the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971. It was named after its leader, Kader Siddique.
Contents
- Background
- Formation
- Area of operations
- Jahazmara battle
- Liberation of Tangail
- Dissolution
- Former members
- References
The militia operated against the Pakistan Army in Tangail zone. It comprise an estimated 50,000 civilians. Siddique was wounded at the Makrar battle near Balla village. Kader Bahini is notable for the capture of a Pakistani ship with large quantities of arms and ammunition at Bhuapur. They also captured several armored cars along with bulletproof carriers.
Background
A planned military pacification carried out by the Pakistan Army – codenamed Operation Searchlight – started on 25 March to curb the Bengali nationalist movement by taking control of the major cities on 26 March, and then eliminating all opposition, political or military, within one month. Before the beginning of the operation, all foreign journalists were systematically deported from East Pakistan.
During the war there were widespread killings and other atrocities – including the displacement of civilians in Bangladesh (East Pakistan at the time) and widespread violations of human rights began with the start of Operation Searchlight on 25 March 1971. Members of the Pakistani military and supporting militias killed estimated between 300,000 to 3,000,000 people and raped between 200,000–400,000 Bangladeshi women in a systematic campaign of genocidal rape.
Formation
On 1 March 1971 the Tangail district unit of Swadhin Bangla Gono Mukti Parishad was formed. They organised the local youths and provided them with military training. After the launch of operation searchlight, local Mukti Bahinis in Tangail set up blockades on the road to Tangail at Goran-Satiachara in Mirzapur. The Pakistan army entered Tangail on April 3 breaking through the blockade. Abdul Kader Siddique who was then a leader of Chhatra League from the Kader Bahini composed Mukti Bahini from Tangail soon after.
Area of operations
The kader Bahini operated inside Tangail area. Throughout the Bangladesh Liberation war the force stayed inside Bangladeshi territory and did not move to India like many other units of the Mukti Bahini. Kader Siddiqui the founder and leader of Kader Bahini was himself a native of Tangail.
Jahazmara battle
On August 10, 1971, Kader Bahini in Tangail attacked two ships of the Pakistan army containing arms, ammunition and fuel. The two ships were named ST Razan and SU Engineers LC-3. They were attacked on the convergence point of Jamuna and Dhaleswari rivers at Sirajkandi. After a brief battle, Kader Bahini emerged as the winning side. They destroyed the supplies harming the logistics of Pakistan army in the region. The Battle came to be known as Jahazmare(Ship Killing) The Public Works Department built a monument near the site of the battle.
Liberation of Tangail
On 10 December 1971, 2 thousand Indian paratroops landed in Tangail. They joined up with Kader Bahini. Together they liberated Tangail from Pakistan army. Captain Peter, a Bengali Indian army officer had arrived on 3 December to plan the landing of the Indian troops. New Tangail town was the last stronghold of Pakistan to fall in Tangail. Tangail was freed on 11 December 1971.
Dissolution
After the surrender of Pakistan army on 16 December 1971, Sheikh Mujib was still in Pakistan. He was sentenced to death by a military tribunal. Kader Siddique declared that he and his 50 thousand men would not surrender until Mujib returned. In 1972 after Mujib had returned from Pakistan Kader and his men surrendered his arms to Mujib on Bindubasini Boys High School in Tangail town.