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P9.1, M168, M294, V9, V41, V54, V189, and V226 |
In human genetics, Haplogroup CT is a Y chromosome haplogroup, defining one of the major lines of patrilineal common ancestry of humanity.
Men within this haplogroup have Y chromosomes with the SNP mutation M168, along with P9.1 and M294. These mutations are present in all modern human male lines except A and B-M60, which are both found almost exclusively in Africa.
The most recent common male line ancestor (MRCA) of all CT men today probably predated the recent African origin of modern humans, a migration in which some of his descendants participated. He is therefore thought to have lived in Africa before this proposed migration. In keeping with the jocular title of "Y-chromosomal Adam" given to the patrilineal ancestor of all living humans, CT-M168 has therefore also been referred to in popularized accounts as being the lineage of "Eurasian Adam" or "Out of Africa Adam".
No male in paragroup CT* has yet been discovered, which means in other words that all men in this haplogroup are also defined as being in one of the several major branch clades. All known surviving descendant lineages of CT are in one of two major sub-clades, CF and DE. Both of these appear to have arisen only a few thousand years after the original common ancestor of CT. In turn, DE is divided into an Asian Haplogroup D-M174 and a predominantly Africa-distributed haplogroup E-M96, while CF is divided into an East Asian, American, and Oceanian haplogroup C-M130 and haplogroup F-M89, which dominates most non-African populations.
Haplogroup CT is therefore the common ancestral male lineage of all men alive today except the ones that belong to A or B haplogroups, including most Africans, among whom haplogroup E is predominant, and most non-Africans, among whom haplogroup F is predominant.
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