Preceded by Carl Schurz Political party Democratic Succeeded by William Warner | Name Francis Cockrell Siblings Jeremiah V. Cockrell Party Democratic Party | |
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Full Name Francis Marion Cockrell Born October 1, 1834
Warrensburg, Missouri ( 1834-10-01 ) Role Former United States Senator Died December 13, 1915, Washington, D.C., United States Books The Senator from Missouri: The Life and Times of Francis Marion Cockrell | ||
Previous office Senator (MO) 1875–1905 | ||
Francis Marion Cockrell (October 1, 1834 – December 13, 1915) was a Confederate military commander and American politician from the state of Missouri. He served as a United States Senator from Missouri for five terms. He was a prominent member of the famed South–Cockrell–Hargis family of Southern politicians.
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Early life and family
Cockrell was born in Warrensburg, Missouri, the son of Nancy (Ellis) and Joseph Cockrell, the sheriff of Johnson County. His older brother was Jeremiah Vardaman Cockrell, who was a congressman from Texas in the 1890s. Francis Cockrell attended local schools and Chapel Hill College in Lafayette County, Missouri, graduating in July 1853; He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1855, practicing law in Warrensburg until the outbreak of the Civil War.
Cockrell was married three times. His first wife, Arthusa D. Stapp, with whom he had three sons, died in 1859. His second wife, Anna E. Mann of Kentucky, died of consumption in 1871. In July 1873, he married Anna Ewing, the eldest daughter of Judge Ephraim Brevard Ewing from Missouri.
Civil War
At the beginning of the American Civil War in 1861, the militia officer joined the Missouri State Guard as a Captain. After being mustered into the Confederate States Army he briefly served in the 1st Missouri Infantry Regiment before transferring to the 2nd Missouri Regiment in early 1862; being promoted to colonel. Cockrell commanded a brigade in the Vicksburg Campaign. He distinguished himself at the Battle of Champion Hill, launching a counterattack that temporarily ousted troops of XVII Corps off the hill. He also took part in the Battle of Big Black River Bridge. His brigade was able to escape just before federal troops seized the bridge. He was wounded in the hand by an exploding shell during the Siege of Vicksburg.
Cockrell was promoted to brigadier general on July 18, 1863. He went on to fight in many of the battles of the Atlanta Campaign, and participated in Hood's Tennessee Campaign later that year (where he was wounded). In 1865 Cockrell commanded a division in defence of Fort Blakely, Alabama. On April 9, 1865, shortly before the war ended, Cockrell was captured there but was paroled on May 14. Cockrell's Missouri Brigade was considered one of the finest on either side, and Cockrell himself is widely recognized as one of the best combat brigadiers of the entire war. He returned to his law practice in Missouri.
Postbellum career
In 1874, Cockrell, who became a member of the United States Democratic Party, was elected to the U.S. Senate from Missouri by the state legislature. His first and only elected office, he served in the Senate from 1875 to 1905, when he retired. He held several committee chairmanships, including the chairmanships of the Claims Committee, Engrossed Bills Committee and Appropriations Committee during his senate career. He received 42 votes for President of the United States at the 1904 Democratic National Convention, but was defeated by Alton B. Parker.
He was appointed to the Interstate Commerce Commission by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1905, serving in that capacity until 1910. In 1911, he was appointed commissioner to negotiate the boundaries between the state of Texas and the New Mexico Territory, which was about to become a state. In 1913, Woodrow Wilson appointed him as the civilian member on the Board of Ordnance and Fortifications for the War Department, where he served until his death in Washington, D.C.