Below is list of Finnish language exonyms for towns and cities in non-Finnish-speaking areas:
Contents
- Albania
- Azerbaijan Azerbaidan
- Belgium Belgia
- Bulgaria
- China Kiina
- Cuba Kuuba
- Cyprus Kypros
- Denmark Tanska
- Egypt Egypti
- Estonia Viro
- land Ahvenanmaa
- Elsewhere in Finland
- France Ranska
- Germany Saksa
- Greece Kreikka
- Holy See Vatikaanivaltio
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Israel
- Italy Italia
- Latvia
- Lithuania Liettua
- Luxembourg Luxemburg
- Norway Norja
- Poland Puola
- Portugal Portugali
- Romania
- Russia Venj
- Russia lakes in Karelia
- Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia
- Serbia
- South Africa Etel Afrikka
- Spain Espanja
- Sweden Ruotsi
- Switzerland Sveitsi
- Syria Syyria
- Ukraine Ukraina
- United Kingdom Iso Britannia
- United States Yhdysvallat
- In general
- References
Albania
Azerbaijan (Azerbaidžan)
Belgium (Belgia)
Bulgaria
China (Kiina)
Cuba (Kuuba)
Cyprus (Kypros)
Denmark (Tanska)
Egypt (Egypti)
Estonia (Viro)
Estonian and Finnish are quite closely related and share many words that differ only slightly, such as saar (Estonian) and saari (Finnish) for island. Many Estonian toponyms and even people's names are simply treated in Finnish as though they were Finnish words, creating an unlimited number of potentially existing exonyms, an exhaustive list of which would be impossible as well as pointless to compile. Below are some frequently encountered examples of these, as well as those where the difference is significant.
Åland (Ahvenanmaa)
Åland, while a part of Finland, is monolingually Swedish as per the Autonomy Act of Åland. Finnish names for places in Åland may therefore be considered exonyms.
The following is a list of old Finnish exonyms for Åland place-names. Some of them, though not all, appear in the Finnish encyclopaedia Pieni Tietosanakirja from the late 1920s.
Elsewhere in Finland
The Swedish names for the above are commonly (if not exclusively) used in modern-day Finnish. Korsnäs in Ostrobothnia should not be confused with other locations in Finland with the same name (see Korsnäs (disambiguation)).
Areas with both Finnish-, and Swedish-speaking inhabitants have endonymic place names in both languages. Due to changing demographics, some monolingually Swedish areas have historical Finnish names inherited from earlier Finnish-speaking inhabitants. For example, Molpe, a village of Korsnäs is Moikipää in Finnish.
France (Ranska)
Germany (Saksa)
Greece (Kreikka)
Ancient transcriptions that do not reflect modern pronunciation are used in some cases, e.g. Herakleion ("Iraklion").
Holy See (Vatikaanivaltio)
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Italy (Italia)
Latvia
Lithuania (Liettua)
Luxembourg (Luxemburg)
Norway (Norja)
For further names, see : Finnish exonyms for places in Norway
The river Teno, Tana in Norwegian, defines a stretch of border between the states.
Poland (Puola)
Portugal (Portugali)
Romania
Russia (Venäjä)
Note that Finnish was formerly an official language in the Republic of Karelia and is still widely used there, and some places in what was Finnish territory until World War II have been given totally new Russian names; thus, Finnish names of Karelian places are not all strictly exonyms.
Russia (lakes in Karelia)
Saudi Arabia (Saudi-Arabia)
Serbia
South Africa (Etelä-Afrikka)
Spain (Espanja)
Sweden (Ruotsi)
Northern Sweden has a Finnish/meänkieli-speaking minority and indeed some names are derived from Finnish, thus they are not exonyms. For Finnish place names in Northern Sweden, see Finnish exonyms (Sweden)
Switzerland (Sveitsi)
Syria (Syyria)
Ukraine (Ukraina)
United Kingdom (Iso-Britannia)
United States (Yhdysvallat)
In general
Foreign place names containing a direction such as South or Upper are often translated, e.g.: