Occupation Scientist Spouse(s) Esther Sciammarella | Website General Stress Optics Name Cesar Sciammarella | |
Born August 22, 1924 ( 1924-08-22 ) Buenos Aires, Argentina Known for Experimental Mechanics
Holographic interferometry
Moire deflectometry Title Emeritus Professor, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Children Eduardo Sciammarella
Federico Sciammarella Books Modern Experimental Mechanics of Solids, Experimental Mechanics of Solids Alma mater University of Buenos Aires, Illinois Institute of Technology | ||
Cesar Augusto Sciammarella (born August 22, 1924) has made significant contributions to the field of experimental mechanics. In the last decade he has extended his pioneering developments in moiré, holography, and speckle interferometry methodologies down to the nanometric level. These efforts have resulted in the field of optics to go beyond the classical Rayleigh limit reaching the nanometer range and in the electron microscopy to resolutions of the order of atomic distances.
Contents
- Education
- Biography professional life and work
- Research teaching positions
- Visiting positions
- Honors and awards
- References
His fundamental research is widely used for 3D reconstruction, and stress and strain analysis. In his Doctoral Thesis on the Moiré method he extended the Continuum Mechanics model originally developed by Dantu to large deformations. He developed fundamental equations on the properties of moiré fringes, signs conventions. Furthermore, he applied the moiré method to the solution of a plasticity problem, this was the first complete analysis of a non elastic problem with the moiré method. Dr. Sciammarella generalized the concept of fringe order in methods that measure displacements using Fourier analysis in the process of formation of the fringe images. He proved formally that the orders could be represented by real numbers instead of integers as it was usual at the time of his publication. In 1966, he presented a full model of the moiré fringes as phase modulated signals and provided a method to obtain displacements and strains for moiré and photo-elastic fringes. He introduced for the first time in the literature the Fourier method as a tool for fringe pattern analysis. His model stands today as a standard model used in the fringe analysis methodology.
Education
Cesar Sciammarella received his diploma in Civil Engineering from the University of Buenos Aires in July 1950. After graduation he worked as a professional engineer in different industries and in different capacities including the Director of the Materials Testing Laboratories in the Metallurgy and Materials Division of the Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina. Later he was invited by Dr. A.J. Durelli to come to the USA to get a PhD degree under Dr, Durelli’s direction. He received his Ph.D., from the Illinois Institute of Technology in June 1960. Upon graduation he returned to the Argentine Atomic Energy Commission.
Biography, professional life and work
From 1952-57 Cesar was Professor of Physics at Argentine Army Engineering School. This was a period in Argentina under the dictatorship of Juan Domingo Perón. The 1955 coup that brought down Perón's regime was aided by officers from Argentine Army Engineering School. Although Cesar was not involved in the coup he was detained and tortured by the regime at the age of 25. Peron's regime fell two weeks after his detention and he was able to escape during the confusion. He spent several months fighting pneumonia caused by his detention.
In 1962 he was invited to be Associate professor at the University of Florida, Gainesville. This is where he did some of his pioneering work on using the Moiré method and the Fourier method to analyze the contours and deformations of bodies. In 1967 he became professor at the Department of Aerospace and Applied Mechanics, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. It was during this period Cesar Sciammarella pioneered digital analysis of moiré fringes with the use of computers. In 1985, he further developed this methodology by putting together an optical and a computer system for fringe pattern analysis. Later he published a series papers answering the fundamental question of how far is it possible to recover fringe order information utilizing computer analysis. This work culminated in the paper Heisenberg Principle Applied to the Analysis of Speckle Interferometry Fringes.
Since 2005 Dr. Sciammarella has worked in cutting edge optical technology to go beyond the Rayleigh limit that traditionally has been considered as the maximum resolution that could be obtained in optics in far field observations. With the support of his co-workers he has succeeded in overcoming the Rayleigh limit. In recent work measurements in the far field have been carried out in nano crystals and nano spheres with accuracies on the order of ±3.3 nm.
In 2012 Cesar Sciammarella and his son Dr. Federico Sciammarella co-authored Experimental Mechanics of Solids, a comprehensive textbook of the techniques used in experimental mechanics.