Entrez 6352 | Ensembl n/a | |
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External IDs OMIM: 187011 MGI: 98262 HomoloGene: 2244 GeneCards: CCL5 | ||
Gene music using protein sequence of ccl5 chemokine c c motif ligand 5
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (also CCL5) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL5 gene. It is also known as RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted).
Contents
- Gene music using protein sequence of ccl5 chemokine c c motif ligand 5
- Function
- Interactions
- References
Function
CCL5 is an 8kDa protein classified as a chemotactic cytokine or chemokine. CCL5 is chemotactic for T cells, eosinophils, and basophils, and plays an active role in recruiting leukocytes into inflammatory sites. With the help of particular cytokines (i.e., IL-2 and IFN-γ) that are released by T cells, CCL5 also induces the proliferation and activation of certain natural-killer (NK) cells to form CHAK (CC-Chemokine-activated killer) cells. It is also an HIV-suppressive factor released from CD8+ T cells. This chemokine has been localized to chromosome 17 in humans.
RANTES was first identified in a search for genes expressed "late" (3–5 days) after T cell activation. It was subsequently determined to be a CC chemokine and expressed in more than 100 human diseases. RANTES expression is regulated in T lymphocytes by Kruppel like factor 13 (KLF13). RANTES, along with the related chemokines MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta, has been identified as a natural HIV-suppressive factor secreted by activated CD8+ T cells and other immune cells. Recently, the RANTES protein has been engineered for in vivo production by Lactobacillus bacteria, and this solution is being developed into a possible HIV entry-inhibiting topical microbicide.
Interactions
CCL5 has been shown to interact with CCR3, CCR5 and CCR1.
CCL5 also activates the G-protein coupled receptor GPR75.