Aves in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae

Updated on Oct 26, 2023

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In the 10th edition of Systema Naturae published in 1758, the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus listed 554 bird species from around the world. He divided the species into 6 orders and 63 genera.

In the 12th edition of his Systema Naturae published in 1766, Linnaeus described many addition birds that had not been included in the 10th edition. The 12th edition included 931 bird species divided into 6 orders and 78 genera. There are now believed to be around 10,000 extant species.

In 2016 the world list maintained by Frank Gill and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithologists' Union included 448 bird species for which Linnaeus's description in the 10th edition is cited as the authority. Of these modern species 101 have been retained in their original genus and 347 have been moved to a different genus. In addition, there are five species on Linnaeus's 1758 list that are now considered as subspecies. For comparison, Linnaeus's entries in the 12th edition of Systema Naturae are cited as the authority for 257 modern species of which only 25 have been retained in their original genus.

Linnaeus described the class Aves as:

A beautiful and cheerful portion of created nature consisting of animals having a body covered with feathers and down; protracted and naked jaws (the beak), two wings formed for flight, and two feet. They are areal, vocal, swift and light, and destitute of external ears, lips, teeth, scrotum, womb, bladder, epiglottis, corpus callosum and its arch, and diaphragm.

Linnaean Characteristics

Heart: 2 auricles, 2 ventricles. Warm, dark red blood

Lungs: respires alternately

Jaw: incombent, naked, extended, without teeth

Eggs: covered with a calcareous shell

Organs of Sense: tongue, nostrils, eyes, and ears without auricles

Covering: incumbent, imbricate feathers

Supports: 2 feet, 2 wings; and a heart-shaped rump. Flies in the Air & Sings

Linnaeus divided the birds based upon the characters of the bill and feet. In the list below, the binomial name is that used by Linnaeus.

Accipitres

Vultur (vultures & condors)

Vultur gryphus – Andean condor

Vultur harpyja – harpy eagle

Vultur papa – king vulture

Vultur aura – turkey vulture

Vultur barbatus – bearded vulture

Vultur perinopterus – Egyptian vulture

Falco (falcons, eagles, & kin)

Falco melanaetus – eastern imperial eagle (now Aquila heliaca Savigny, 1809)

Falco chrysaetos – golden eagle)

Falco fulvus – synonym of golden eagle

Falco canadensis – golden eagle (North American subspecies)

Falco rusticolus – gyrfalcon)

Falco barbarus – [nomen dubium]

Falco caerulescens – collared falconet

Falco albicilla – white-tailed eagle

Falco pygargus – Montagu's harrier

Falco milvus – red kite

Falco forficatus – swallow-tailed kite

Falco gentilis & Falco palumbarius – northern goshawk

Falco subbuteo – Eurasian hobby

Falco buteo – common buzzard

Falco tinnunculus – common kestrel

Falco cachinnans & Falco sufflator – laughing falcon

Falco sparverius – American kestrel

Falco columbarius – merlin

Falco lanarius – lanner falcon (now Falco biarmicus Temminck, 1825)

Falco haliaetus – osprey

Falco gyrfalco – gyrfalcon

Falco apivorus – European honey buzzard

Falco aeruginosus – western marsh harrier

Falco nisus – Eurasian sparrowhawk

Strix (owls)

Strix bubo – Eurasian eagle-owl

Strix scandiaca & Strix nyctea – snowy owl

Strix asio – eastern screech owl

Strix otus – long-eared owl

Strix scops – Eurasian scops-owl

Strix aluco & Strix stridula – tawny owl

Strix funerea – Tengmalm's owl

Strix ulula – northern hawk-owl

Strix passerina – Eurasian pygmy owl

Lanius (shrikes)

Lanius cristatus – brown shrike

Lanius excubitor – great grey shrike

Lanius collurio – red-backed shrike

Lanius tyrannus – eastern kingbird

Lanius carnifex – Guianan red-cotinga

Lanius schach – long-tailed shrike

Lanius senator – woodchat shrike

Lanius caerulescens – white-bellied drongo

Lanius jocosus – red-whiskered bulbul

Lanius garrulus – Bohemian waxwing

Picae

Psittacus (parrots)

Psittacus macao – scarlet macaw

Psittacus ararauna – blue-and-yellow macaw

Psittacus obscurus

Psittacus nobilis – red-shouldered macaw

Psittacus severus – chestnut-fronted macaw

Psittacus borneus – red lory

Psittacus solstitialis – sun parakeet

Psittacus carolinensis – Carolina parakeet

Psittacus alexandri – red-breasted parakeet

Psittacus pertinax – brown-throated parakeet

Psittacus canicularis – orange-fronted parakeet

Psittacus aeruginosus – subspecies of brown-throated parakeet

Psittacus rufirostris

Psittacus ornatus – ornate lorikeet

Psittacus agilis – black-billed amazon

Psittacus cristatus

Psittacus niger – lesser vasa parrot

Psittacus sordidus – red-billed parrot

Psittacus erythroleucus

Psittacus erithaeus – African gray parrot

Psittacus garrulus – chattering lory

Psittacus aurorae

Psittacus domicella – purple-naped lory

Psittacus lory – black-capped lory

Psittacus caerulocephalus

Psittacus leucocephalus – Cuban amazon

Psittacus aestivus – turquoise-fronted amazon

Psittacus paradisi

Psittacus festivus – festive amazon

Psittacus brasiliensis – red-tailed amazon

Psittacus autumnalis – red-lored amazon

Psittacus accipitrinus – red-fan parrot

Psittacus melanocephalus – black-headed parrot

Psittacus collarius – yellow-billed amazon

Psittacus pullarius – red-headed lovebird

Psittacus galgulus – blue-crowned hanging parrot

Psittacus passerinus – green-rumped parrotlet

Ramphastos (toucans)

Ramphastos piperivorus – [nomen dubium]

Ramphastos tucanus – white-throated toucan

Ramphastos picatus – [nomen dubium]

Ramphastos aracari – black-necked aracari

Buceros (hornbills)

Buceros bicornis – great hornbill

Buceros rhinoceros – rhinoceros hornbill

Crotophaga (anis)

Crotophaga ani – smooth-billed ani

Corvus (crows & ravens)

Corvus corax – common raven

Corvus corone – carrion crow

Corvus frugilegus – rook

Corvus cornix – hooded crow

Corvus benghalensis – Indian roller

Corvus monedula – jackdaw

Corvus glandarius – Eurasian jay

Corvus cristatus – blue jay

Corvus caryocatactes – spotted nutcracker

Corvus pica – European magpie

Corvus paradisi – Asian paradise-flycatcher

Corvus infaustus – Siberian jay

Coracias (rollers & orioles)

Coracias garrulus – European roller

Coracias caffra

Coracias oriolus – golden oriole

Coracias galbula – Baltimore oriole

Coracias aurea – flame bowerbird

Coracias xanthornus – black-hooded oriole

Gracula (mynas)

Gracula religiosa – common hill myna

Gracula foetida – bare-necked fruitcrow

Gracula barita – [nomen dubium], possibly Carib grackle

Gracula cristatella – crested myna

Gracula saularis – Oriental magpie robin

Gracula quiscula – common grackle

Gracula atthis – common kingfisher

Paradisea (birds-of-paradise)

Paradisea apoda – greater bird-of-paradise

Paradisea regia – king bird-of-paradise

Cuculus (cuckoos)

Cuculus canorus – common cuckoo

Cuculus persa – Guinea turaco

Cuculus vetula – Jamaican lizard cuckoo

Cuculus glandarius – great spotted cuckoo

Cuculus scolopaceus – Asian koel

Cuculus niger

Cuculus americanus – yellow-billed cuckoo

Cuculus auratus – northern flicker

Jynx (wrynecks)

Jynx torquilla – Eurasian wryneck

Picus (woodpeckers)

Picus martius – black woodpecker

Picus principalis – ivory-billed woodpecker

Picus pileatus – pileated woodpecker

Picus hirundinaceus

Picus erythrocephalus – red-headed woodpecker

Picus carolinus – red-bellied woodpecker

Picus viridis – European green woodpecker

Picus benghalensis – black-rumped flameback

Picus semirostris – a "monstrosity"

Picus major – great spotted woodpecker

Picus medius – middle spotted woodpecker

Picus minor – lesser spotted woodpecker

Picus tridactylus – Eurasian three-toed woodpecker

Sitta (nuthatches)

Sitta europaea – Eurasian nuthatch

Alcedo (kingfishers)

Alcedo ispida – subspecies of common kingfisher

Alcedo erithaca – Oriental dwarf kingfisher

Alcedo alcyon – belted kingfisher

Alcedo todus – Jamaican tody

Alcedo smyrnensis – white-throated kingfisher

Alcedo rudis – pied kingfisher

Alcedo dea – paradise jacamar

Merops (bee-eaters)

Merops apiaster – European bee-eater

Merops viridis – blue-throated bee-eater

Merops cinereus

Merops cafer – Cape sugarbird

Upupa (hoopoes)

Upupa epops – Eurasian hoopoe

Upupa paradisea

Upupa eremita – northern bald ibis

Upupa pyrrhocorax – red-billed chough

Certhia (treecreepers)

Certhia familiaris – Eurasian treecreeper

Certhia pusilla

Certhia caerulea – purple honeycreeper

Certhia cruentata – scarlet-backed flowerpecker

Certhia flaveola – bananaquit

Trochilus (hummingbirds)

Trochilus paradiseus

Trochilus afer

Trochilus pella – crimson topaz

Trochilus polytmus – red-billed streamertail

Trochilus forficatus

Trochilus colubris – ruby-throated hummingbird

Trochilus ourissia

Trochilus mosquitus – ruby-topaz hummingbird

Trochilus holosericeus – green-throated carib

Trochilus mellisugus – blue-tailed emerald

Trochilus tomineo

Trochilus surinamensis

Trochilus niger – sooty barbthroat

Trochilus mellivorus – white-necked jacobin

Trochilus ruber – reddish hermit

Trochilus mango – Jamaican mango

Trochilus cristatus – Antillean crested hummingbird

Trochilus minimus – vervain hummingbird

Anseres

Anas (ducks, geese, & swans)

Anas cygnus – whooper swan

Anas cygnoides – swan goose

Anas tadorna – common shelduck

Anas spectabilis – king eider

Anas fusca – velvet scoter

Anas nigra – common scoter

Anas anser – greylag goose

Anas erythropus – lesser white-fronted goose

Anas canadensis – Canada goose

Anas caerulescens – snow goose

Anas bernicla – brant goose

Anas mollissima – common eider

Anas moschata – Muscovy duck

Anas bahamensis – white-cheeked pintail

Anas albeola – bufflehead

Anas clypeata – northern shoveler

Anas platyrhynchos – mallard & domestic duck

Anas strepera – gadwall

Anas bucephala – synonym of common goldeneye

Anas clangula – common goldeneye

Anas rustica – synonym of bufflehead

Anas perspicillata – surf scoter

Anas glaucion – synonym common goldeneye

Anas penelope – Eurasian wigeon

Anas acuta – northern pintail

Anas hyemalis – long-tailed duck

Anas ferina – common pochard

Anas querquedula – garganey

Anas crecca – common teal

Anas histrionica – harlequin duck

Anas minuta – synonym of harlequin duck

Anas circia – synonym of garganey

Anas autumnalis – black-bellied whistling duck

Anas boschas – synonym of mallard & domestic duck

Anas adunca – synonym of mallard & domestic duck

Anas galericulata – Mandarin duck

Anas sponsa – wood duck

Anas arborea – West Indian whistling duck

Anas fuligula – tufted duck

Mergus (mergansers)

Mergus cucullatus – hooded merganser

Mergus merganser – common merganser

Mergus serrator – red-breasted merganser

Mergus albellus & Mergus minutus – smew

Alca (auks)

Alca torda – razorbill

Alca impennis – great auk

Alca arctica – Atlantic puffin

Alca lomvia – thick-billed murre

Alca grylle – black guillemot

Alca alle – little auk

Procellaria (petrels)

Procellaria pelagica – European storm petrel

Procellaria aequinoctialis – white-chinned petrel

Procellaria capensis – Cape petrel

Diomedea (albatrosses & penguins)

Diomedea exulans – wandering albatross

Diomedea demersa – African penguin

Pelecanus (pelicans & kin)

Pelecanus onocrotalus – great white pelican

Pelecanus aquilus – Ascension frigatebird

Pelecanus carbo – great cormorant

Pelecanus bassanus – northern gannet

Pelecanus piscator

Phaethon (tropicbirds)

Phaethon aethereus – red-billed tropicbird

Phaethon demersus

Colymbus (grebes & loons)

Colymbus arcticus – black-throated loon

Colymbus cristatus – great crested grebe

Colymbus auritus – horned grebe

Colymbus podiceps – pied-billed grebe

Larus (gulls)

Larus tridactylus – black-legged kittiwake

Larus canus – common gull

Larus marinus – great black-backed gull

Larus fuscus – lesser black-backed gull

Larus atricilla – laughing gull

Larus parasiticus – parasitic jaeger

Sterna (terns)

Sterna stolida – brown noddy

Sterna hirundo – common tern

Sterna nigra – black tern

Rhyncops (skimmers)

Rhyncops nigra – black skimmer

Rhyncops fulva – synonym of black skimmer

Grallae

Phoenicopterus (flamingoes)

Phoenicopterus ruber – American flamingo

Platalea (spoonbills)

Platalea leucorodia – Eurasian spoonbill

Platalea ajaja – roseate spoonbill

Platalea pygmea – spoon-billed sandpiper

Mycteria (storks)

Mycteria americana – wood stork

Tantalus

Tantalus loculator – the "wood ibis", a synonym for the wood stork

Ardea (herons, cranes & kin)

Ardea pavonina – black crowned crane

Ardea virgo – demoiselle crane

Ardea canadensis – sandhill crane

Ardea grus – common crane

Ardea americana – whooping crane

Ardea antigone – sarus crane

Ardea ciconia – white stork

Ardea nigra – black stork

Ardea nycticorax – black-crowned night heron

Ardea cinerea – grey heron

Ardea herodias – great blue heron

Ardea violacea – yellow-crowned night heron

Ardea caerulea – little blue heron

Ardea striata – striated heron

Ardea virescens – green heron

Ardea stellaris – Eurasian bittern

Ardea alba – great egret

Ardea ibis – cattle egret

Ardea aequinoctialis

Scolopax (godwits, ibises & kin)

Scolopax rubra – scarlet ibis

Scolopax alba – American white ibis

Scolopax fusca – synonym of American white ibis

Scolopax totanus – common redshank

Scolopax arquata – Eurasian curlew

Scolopax phaeopus – whimbrel

Scolopax rusticola – Eurasian woodcock

Scolopax fedoa – marbled godwit

Scolopax glottis – common greenshank (now Tringa nebularia)

Scolopax limosa – black-tailed godwit

Scolopax gallinago – common snipe

Scolopax lapponica – bar-tailed godwit

Scolopax aegocephala – synonym of bar-tailed godwit

Scolopax haemastica – Hudsonian godwit

Tringa (phalaropes and sandpipers)

Tringa pugnax – ruff

Tringa vanellus – northern lapwing

Tringa gambetta – common redshank

Tringa interpres – ruddy turnstone

Tringa lobata – red-necked phalarope

Tringa fulicaria – red phalarope

Tringa alpina – dunlin

Tringa ocrophus – green sandpiper

Tringa hypoleucos – common sandpiper

Tringa canutus – red knot

Tringa glareola – wood sandpiper

Tringa littorea – common greenshank (now Tringa nebularia)

Tringa squatarola – grey plover

Charadrius (plovers)

Charadrius cristatus

Charadrius hiaticula – ringed plover

Charadrius alexandrinus – Kentish plover

Charadrius vociferus – killdeer

Charadrius aegyptius – Egyptian plover

Charadrius morinellus – Eurasian dotterel

Charadrius apricarius – European golden plover

Charadrius pluvialis – synonym European golden plover

Charadrius oedicnemus – Eurasian stone-curlew

Charadrius himantopus – black-winged stilt

Charadrius spinosus – spur-winged lapwing

Recurvirostra (avocets)

Recurvirostra avosetta – pied avocet

Haematopus (oystercatchers)

Haematopus ostralegus – Eurasian oystercatcher

Fulica (coots & kin)

Fulica atra – Eurasian coot

Fulica chloropus – common moorhen

Fulica porphyrio – Western swamphen

Fulica spinosa – northern jacana

Rallus (rails)

Rallus crex – corn crake

Rallus aquaticus – water rail

Rallus lariformis

Rallus benghalensis – greater painted snipe

Rallus carolinus – sora

Psophia (trumpeters)

Psophia crepitans – grey-winged trumpeter

Otis (bustards)

Otis tarda – great bustard

Otis arabs – Arabian bustard

Otis tetrax – little bustard

Otis afra – black bustard

Struthio (ratites)

Struthio camelus – ostrich

Struthio casuarius – southern cassowary

Struthio americanus – greater rhea

Struthio cucullatus – dodo

Gallinae

Pavo (peafowl)

Pavo cristatus – Indian peafowl

Pavo bicalcaratus – grey peacock-pheasant

Meleagris (turkeys)

Meleagris gallopavo & Meleagris cristata? – wild turkey

Meleagris satyra – satyr tragopan

Crax (curassows)

Crax nigra

Crax rubra – great curassow

Phasianus (pheasants & chickens)

Phasianus gallus – red junglefowl & domesticated chicken

Phasianus meleagris – helmeted guineafowl

Phasianus colchicus – common pheasant

Phasianus pictus – golden pheasant

Phasianus nycthemerus – silver pheasant

Tetrao (grouse & kin)

Tetrao urogallus – western capercaillie

Tetrao tetrix – black grouse

Tetrao canadensis – spruce grouse

Tetrao lagopus – willow ptarmigan

Tetrao phasianellus – sharp-tailed grouse

Tetrao cupido – greater prairie chicken

Tetrao bonasia – hazel grouse

Tetrao rufus – red-legged partridge

Tetrao perdix – grey partridge

Tetrao virginianus – northern bobwhite

Tetrao marilandicus – synonym of northern bobwhite

Tetrao orientalis – black-bellied sandgrouse

Tetrao coturnix – common quail

Passeres

Columba (pigeons & doves)

Columba oenas – stock dove

Columba gutturosa

Columba cucullata

Columba turbita

Columba tremula

Columba tabellaria

Columba montana – ruddy quail-dove

Columba asiatica – white-winged dove

Columba guinea – speckled pigeon

Columba hispanica

Columba palumbus – common wood pigeon

Columba cyanocephala – blue-headed quail-dove

Columba leucocephala – white-crowned pigeon

Columba leucoptera

Columba nicobarica – Nicobar pigeon

Columba macroura – mourning dove

Columba sinica

Columba indica – emerald dove

Columba hispida

Columba turtur – European turtle dove

Columba risoria – Barbary dove

Columba passerina – common ground dove

Alauda (larks & pipits)

Alauda arvensis – Eurasian skylark

Alauda pratensis – meadow pipit

Alauda arborea – woodlark

Alauda campestris – tawny pipit

Alauda trivialis – tree pipit

Alauda cristata – crested lark

Alauda spinoletta – water pipit

Alauda alpestris – shore lark

Alauda magna – eastern meadowlark

Sturnus (starlings)

Sturnus vulgaris – European starling

Sturnus luteolus

Sturnus contra – Asian pied starling

Sturnus cinclus – white-throated dipper

Turdus (thrushes & kin)

Turdus viscivorus – mistle thrush

Turdus pilaris – fieldfare

Turdus iliacus – redwing

Turdus musicus – a suppressed name for the song thrush (now Turdus philomelos Brehm, 1831)

Turdus canorus – Chinese hwamei

Turdus rufus – brown thrasher

Turdus polyglottos – northern mockingbird

Turdus orpheus – subspecies of northern mockingbird

Turdus plumbeus – red-legged thrush

Turdus crinitus – great crested flycatcher

Turdus roseus – rosy starling

Turdus merula – common blackbird

Turdus torquatus – ring ouzel

Turdus solitarius – blue rock thrush

Turdus arundinaceus – great reed warbler

Turdus virens – yellow-breasted chat

Loxia (cardinals, bullfinches & kin)

Loxia curvirostra – common crossbill

Loxia coccothraustes – hawfinch

Loxia enucleator – pine grosbeak

Loxia pyrrhula – Eurasian bullfinch

Loxia cardinalis – northern cardinal

Loxia dominicana – red-cowled cardinal

Loxia cristata

Loxia mexicana

Loxia eryocephala – red-headed finch

Loxia flavicans

Loxia oryzivora – Java sparrow

Loxia panicivora

Loxia punctulata – scaly-breasted munia

Loxia hordeacea – black-winged red bishop

Loxia sanguinirostris

Loxia astrild – common waxbill

Loxia cyanea

Loxia lineola – lined seedeater

Loxia mexicana

Loxia chloris – European greenfinch

Loxia butyracea

Loxia collaria

Loxia benghalensis – black-breasted weaver

Loxia malabarica – Indian silverbill

Loxia fusca

Loxia melanocephala – black-headed weaver

Loxia cana

Loxia nigra – Cuban bullfinch

Loxia caerulea – blue grosbeak

Loxia violacea – Greater Antillean bullfinch

Loxia minuta – ruddy-breasted seedeater

Loxia bicolor

Emberiza (buntings)

Emberiza nivalis – snow bunting

Emberiza calandra – corn bunting

Emberiza hortulana – ortolan bunting

Emberiza citrinella – yellowhammer

Emberiza orix – southern red bishop

Emberiza quelea – red-billed quelea

Emberiza militaris – red-breasted blackbird

Emberiza atrata

Emberiza familiaris

Emberiza flaveola

Emberiza psittacea

Emberiza paradisaea – long-tailed paradise whydah

Emberiza ciris – painted bunting

Emberiza alario – black-headed canary

Fringilla (finches & kin)

Fringilla oryzivora – bobolink

Fringilla coelebs – common chaffinch

Fringilla montifringilla- brambling

Fringilla lulensis

Fringilla lapponica – Lapland longspur

Fringilla sylvatica

Fringilla melancholica

Fringilla erythrophthalma – eastern towhee

Fringilla carduelis – European goldfinch

Fringilla melba – green-winged pytilia

Fringilla amandava – red munia

Fringilla gyrola – bay-headed tanager

Fringilla rubra – summer tanager

Fringilla tristis – American goldfinch

Fringilla zena – western spindalis

Fringilla brasiliana

Fringilla butyracea

Fringilla canaria – canary

Fringilla spinus – Eurasian siskin

Fringilla flammea – common redpoll

Fringilla flavirostris – twite

Fringilla cannabina – linnet

Fringilla linaria

Fringilla angolensis – blue-breasted cordon-bleu

Fringilla violacea – violaceous euphonia

Fringilla schoeniclus – reed bunting

Fringilla domestica – house sparrow

Fringilla montana – Eurasian tree sparrow

Fringilla chinensis

Fringilla hyemalis – dark-eyed junco

Fringilla zena

Motacilla (wagtails)

Motacilla luscinia – thrush nightingale

Motacilla calidris – [nomen dubium]

Motacilla modularis – dunnock

Motacilla schoenobaenus – sedge warbler

Motacilla campestris – orangequit

Motacilla curruca – lesser whitethroat

Motacilla hippolais

Motacilla salicaria

Motacilla sylvia

Motacilla philomela

Motacilla ficedula

Motacilla alba – white wagtail

Motacilla flava – yellow wagtail

Motacilla tiphia – common iora

Motacilla ruticilla – American redstart

Motacilla hispanica – black-eared wheatear

Motacilla oenanthe – northern wheatear

Motacilla rubetra – whinchat

Motacilla atricapilla – blackcap

Motacilla emeria – subspecies of red-whiskered bulbul

Motacilla phoenicurus – common redstart

Motacilla erithacus

Motacilla titys – female of the common redstart

Motacilla svecica – bluethroat

Motacilla sialis – eastern bluebird

Motacilla velia – opal-rumped tanager

Motacilla spiza – green honeycreeper

Motacilla rubecula – European robin

Motacilla troglodytes – Eurasian wren

Motacilla regulus – goldcrest

Motacilla trochilus – willow warbler

Motacilla acredula – subspecies of willow warbler

Motacilla pendulinus – European penduline tit

Motacilla minuta

Parus (tits & manakins)

Parus cristatus – crested tit

Parus major – great tit

Parus americanus – northern parula

Parus caeruleus – blue tit

Parus ater – coal tit

Parus palustris – marsh tit

Parus caudatus – long-tailed tit

Parus biarmicus – bearded reedling

Parus pipra – white-crowned manakin

Parus erythrocephalus – golden-headed manakin

Parus aureola – crimson-hooded manakin

Parus cela – yellow-rumped cacique

Hirundo (swallows & swifts)

Hirundo rustica – barn swallow

Hirundo esculenta – glossy swiftlet

Hirundo urbica – common house martin

Hirundo riparia – sand martin

Hirundo apus – common swift

Hirundo subis – purple martin

Hirundo pelagica – chimney swift

Hirundo melba – alpine swift

Caprimulgus (nightjars)

Caprimulgus europaeus – European nightjar

Caprimulgus americanus – Jamaican pauraque

References

Aves in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae Wikipedia

(Text) CC BY-SA

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