A vulva disease is a particular abnormal, pathological condition that affects part or all of the vulva. Several pathologies are defined. Some can be prevented by vulvovaginal health maintenance.
Vulvar cancer accounts for about 5% of all gynecological cancers and typically affects women in later life. Five year survival rates in the United States are around 70%.
Symptoms of vulvar cancer include itching, a lump or sore on the vulva which does not heal and/or grows larger, and sometimes discomfort/pain/swelling in the vulval area. Treatments include vulvectomy – removal of all or part of the vulva.
Systemic disorders may be localized in the vulvo-perineal region.
In Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lesions initially are erythematous, purpuric papules and they then become scaly, crusted and sometimes confluent.
In Kawasaki disease, an erythematous, desquamating perineal rash may occur in the second week of symptom onset, almost at the same time as palmoplantar desquamation.
Acrodermatitis enteropathica is a biochemical disorder of zinc metabolism.
Diaper dermatitis in infancy
Blemishes and cysts
Epidermal cysts
Angiomas
Moles
Freckles
Lentigos
Scars
Scarification
Vitiligo
Tattoos
Hypertrophy
Sinus pudoris
Bartholin's cyst
Skene's duct cyst, a paraurethral cyst
Candidiasis (thrush)
Bacterial vaginosis (BV)
Genital warts, due to human papilloma virus (HPV)
Molluscum contagiosum
Herpes simplex (genital herpes)
Herpes zoster (shingles)
Tinea (fungus)
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Infestations with pinworms (rare), scabies and lice.
Eczema/Dermatitis
Lichen simplex (chronic eczema)
Psoriasis
Lichen sclerosus
Lichen planus
zoon's vulvitis (zoon's balanitis in men)
Pemphigus vulgaris
Pemphigoid (mucous membrane pemphigoid, cicratricial pemphigoid, bullous pemphigoid)
Vulvodynia and vulvular vestibulitis
Vaginismus
Aphthous ulcer
Behcet's Disease
Septate vagina
Vaginal opening extremely close to the urethra or anus
An imperforate hymen
Various stages of genital masculinization including fused labia, an absent or partially formed vagina, urethra located on the clitoris.
Hermaphroditism
Tumoral and hamartomatous diseases
Hemangiomas and vascular dysplasia may involve the perineal region
Infantile perianal pyramidal protrusion
Vulvar Lymphangioma
Extramammary Paget's disease
Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)
Bowen's disease
Bowenoid papulosis
Vulvar varicose veins
Labial adhesions
Perineodynia (perineal pain)
Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis (DIV)
Childbirth tears and Episiotomy related changes
Vestibulodynia
