Timeline of operating systems

1950s

1951

LEO I 'Lyons Electronic Office' was the commercial development of EDSAC computing platform, supported by British firm J. Lyons and Co.

1953

DYSEAC – an early machine capable of distributing computing

1954

MIT's Tape Director operating system made for UNIVAC 1103

1955

General Motors Operating System made for IBM 701

1956

GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on General Motors Operating System

1957

Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer project start)

BESYS (Bell Labs), for IBM 7090 and IBM 7094

1958

University of Michigan Executive System (UMES), for IBM 704, 709, and 7090

1959

SHARE Operating System (SOS), based on GM-NAA I/O

1960s

1960

IBSYS (IBM for its 7090 and 7094)

1961

CTSS (MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System for the IBM 7094)

MCP (Burroughs Master Control Program)

1962

Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer commissioned)

GCOS (GE's General Comprehensive Operating System, originally GECOS, General Electric Comprehensive Operating Supervisor)

1963

AN/FSQ-32, another early time-sharing system begun

Titan Supervisor, early time-sharing system begun

1964

KDF9 Timesharing Director (English Electric) – an early, fully hardware secured, fully pre-emptive process switching, multi-programming operating system for KDF9 (originally announced in 1960)

Berkeley Timesharing System (for Scientific Data Systems' SDS 940)

Dartmouth Time Sharing System (Dartmouth College's DTSS for GE computers)

OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) (announced)

SCOPE (CDC 3000 series)

TOPS-10 (DEC, the name TOPS-10 wasn't adopted until 1970)

EXEC 8 (UNIVAC)

1965

THE multiprogramming system (Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven)

Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645) (announced)

BOS/360 (IBM's Basic Operating System)

TOS/360 (IBM's Tape Operating System)

TSOS (later VMOS) (RCA)

Pick operating system

1966

OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) PCP and MFT (shipped)

DOS/360 (IBM's Disk Operating System)

MS/8 (Richard F. Lary's DEC PDP-8 system)

GEORGE 1 & 2 For ICT 1900 series

1967

CP-40, predecessor to CP-67 on modified IBM System/360 Model 40

CP-67 (IBM, also known as CP/CMS)

Michigan Terminal System (MTS) (time-sharing system for the IBM S/360-67 and successors)

ITS (MIT's Incompatible Timesharing System for the DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10)

ORVYL (Stanford University's time-sharing system for the IBM S/360)

TSS/360 (IBM's Time-sharing System for the S/360-67, never officially released, canceled in 1969 and again in 1971)

OS/360 MVT

WAITS (SAIL, Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, time-sharing system for DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10, later TOPS-10)

1968

Airline Control Program (ACP) (IBM)

THE multiprogramming system (Eindhoven University of Technology)

TSS-8 (DEC for the PDP-8)

1969

TENEX (Bolt, Beranek and Newman for DEC systems, later TOPS-20)

Unics (later Unix) (AT&T, initially on DEC computers)

RC 4000 Multiprogramming System (RC)

Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645 and later the Honeywell 6180) (opened for paying customers in October)

GEORGE 3 For ICL 1900 series

1970s

1970

DOS-11 (PDP-11)

1971

RSTS-11 2A-19 (First released version; PDP-11)

OS/8

1972

Data General RDOS

Operating System/Virtual Storage 1 (OS/VS1)

Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 R1 (OS/VS2 SVS)

Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370), sometimes known as VM/CMS

Virtual Machine/Basic Extended Product (BSEPP)

Virtual Machine/Extended Product (SEPP)

MUSIC/SP

PRIMOS (written in FORTRAN IV, that didn't have pointers, while later versions, around version 18, written in a version of PL/1, called PL/P)

1973

Эльбрус-1 (Elbrus-1) – Soviet computer – created using high-level language uЭль-76 (AL-76/ALGOL 68)

VME – implementation language S3 (ALGOL 68)

RSX-11D

RT-11

Alto OS

1974

DOS-11 V09-20C (Last stable release, June 1974)

Sintran III

MONECS

Multi-Programming Executive (MPE) – Hewlett-Packard

Hydra – capability-based, multiprocessing OS kernel

Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 R2 (MVS)

1975

CP/M

BS2000 V2.0 (First released version)

Version 6 Unix

1976

Cambridge CAP computer – all operating system procedures written in ALGOL 68C, with some closely associated protected procedures in BCPL

Cray Operating System

FLEX

TOPS-20

Tandem Nonstop OS v1

1977

1BSD

KERNAL

OASIS operating system

TRSDOS

Virtual Memory System (VMS) V1.0 (Initial commercial release, October 25)

1978

2BSD

Apple DOS

HDOS

TRIPOS

UCSD p-System (First released version)

Lisp machine (CADR)

KVM/370 – security retro-fit of IBM VM/370

KSOS – secure OS design from Ford Aerospace

MVS/System Extensions (MVS/SE)

1979

Atari DOS

POS

NLTSS

UNIX/32V

Version 7 Unix

UCLA Secure UNIX – an early secure UNIX OS based on security kernel

MVS/System Extensions R2 (MVS/SE2)

1980s

1980

86-DOS

CTOS

NewDos/80

OS-9

SOS

MVS/System Product (MVS/SP) V1

Virtual Machine/System Product (VM/SP)

Xenix

1981

Acorn MOS

Xinu first release

Business Operating System

Aegis SR1 (First Apollo/DOMAIN systems shipped on March 27)

PC DOS

Pilot (Xerox Star operating system)

MS-DOS

UTS

iMAX – OS for Intel's iAPX 432 capability machine

1982

Commodore DOS

LDOS (By Logical Systems, Inc. – for the Radio Shack TRS-80 Models I, II & III)

QNX

Sun UNIX (later SunOS) 0.7

Ultrix

Stratus VOS

1983

Lisa Office System 7/7

Coherent

GNU (project start)

Novell NetWare (S-Net)

ProDOS

SunOS 1.0

STOP – TCSEC A1-class, secure OS for SCOMP hardware

LOCUS – UNIX compatible, high reliability, distributed OS

DNIX

MVS/Extended Architecture (MVS/XA)

1984

Mac OS (System 1.0)

MSX-DOS

Sinclair QDOS

QNX

UNICOS

Venix 2.0

Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture Migration Assistance (VM/XA MA)

1985

Windows 1.0

AmigaOS

Atari TOS

DG/UX

MIPS RISC/os

Oberon – written in Oberon

SunOS 2.0

Version 8 Unix

Windows 1.01

Xenix 2.0

Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Facility (VM/XA SF)

1986

AIX 1.0

GS-OS

Genera 7.0

HP-UX

SunOS 3.0

GEOS

Version 9 Unix

GEMSOS – TCSEC A1-class, secure kernel for BLACKER VPN & GTNP

Cronus distributed OS

1987

Topaz – semi-distributed OS for DEC Firefly workstation written in Modula-2+ and garbage collected

Arthur

IRIX (3.0 is first SGI version)

MINIX 1.0

BS2000 V9.0

OS/2 (1.0)

PC-MOS/386

Windows 2.0

1988

A/UX (Apple Computer)

RISC iX

KeyKOS – capability-based microkernel with automated persistence

LynxOS

CP/M rebranded as DR-DOS

Mac OS (System 6)

MVS/Enterprise Systems Architecture (MVS/ESA)

OS/2 (1.1)

OS/400

SpartaDOS X

SunOS 4.0

TOPS-10 7.04 (Last stable release, July 1988)

HeliOS 1.0

VAX VMM – TCSEC A1-class VMM for VAX computers (limited use before cancellation)

Flex machine – tagged, capability machine with OS and other software written in ALGOL 68RS

Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Product (VM/XA SP)

1989

EPOC

NeXTSTEP (1.0)

OS/2 (1.2)

RISC OS (First release was to be called Arthur 2, but was renamed to RISC OS 2, and was first sold as RISC OS 2.00 in April 1989)

SCO UNIX (Release 3)

TSX-32

Version 10 Unix

Xenix 2.3.4 (Last stable release)

ASOS – TCSEC A1-class secure, real-time OS for Ada applications

1990s

1990

AmigaOS 2.0

BeOS (v1)

Genera 8.0

OS/2 1.3

OSF/1

AIX 3.0

Windows 3.0

LOCK – TCSEC A1-class secure system with kernel & hardware support for Type enforcement

Virtual Machine/Enterprise Systems Architecture (VM/XA ESA)

PC/GEOS

1991

Linux 0.01-0.1

Mac OS (System 7)

MINIX 1.5

PenPoint OS

RISC OS 3

Trusted Xenix – rewritten & security enhanced Xenix evaluated at TCSEC B2-class

Amoeba – microkernel-based, POSIX-compliant, distributed OS

1992

386BSD 0.1

AmigaOS 3.0

Amiga Unix 2.01 (Latest stable release)

RSTS/E 10.1 (Last stable release, September 1992)

SLS

Solaris 2.0 (Successor to SunOS 4.x; based on SVR4 instead of BSD)

OpenVMS V1.0 (First OpenVMS AXP (Alpha) specific version, November 1992)

OS/2 2.0 (First i386 32-bit based version)

Plan 9 First Edition (First public release was made available to universities)

Windows 3.1

LGX

1993

FreeBSD

NetBSD

Newton OS

Windows NT 3.1 (First Windows NT kernel public release)

Open Genera 1.0

IBM 4690 Operating System

Novell NetWare 4

OS/2 2.1

Slackware 1.0

Spring

1994

AIX 4.0, 4.1

OS/2 3.0

RISC OS 3.5

NetBSD 1.0 (First multi-platform release, October 1994)

SPIN – extensible OS written in Modula-3

Red Hat

1995

Digital UNIX (aka Tru64 UNIX)

OpenBSD

OS/390

Plan 9 Second Edition (Commercial second release version was made available to the general public.)

Ultrix 4.5 (Last major release)

Windows 95

1996

Mac OS 7.6 (First officially-named Mac OS)

Windows NT 4.0

RISC OS 3.6

AIX 4.2

OS/2 4.0

Palm OS

Debian 1.1

JN – microkernel OS for embedded, Java apps

1997

Inferno

Mac OS 8

SkyOS

MINIX 2.0

RISC OS 3.7

AIX 4.3

Nemesis

1998

Solaris 7 (first 64-bit Solaris release – names from this point drop "2.", otherwise would've been Solaris 2.7)

Windows 98

RT-11 5.7 (Last stable release, October 1998)

Novell NetWare 5

Junos

1999

AROS (Boot for the first time in Stand Alone version)

RISC OS 4

Mac OS 9

OS/2 4.5

Windows 98 (2nd edition)

Inferno Second Edition (Last distribution (Release 2.3, c. July 1999) from Lucent's Inferno Business Unit)