Timeline of Stuttgart

Prior to 14th century

1st century A.D. - Roman fort established.

950 - Castle built.

1240 - Stiftskirche built.

14th-18th century

1300 - Counts of Württemberg establish residence (approximate date).

1321 - City status granted.

1486 - Printing press in operation.

1493 - Spitalkirche built.

1495 - Stuttgart becomes capital of Wurttemberg.

1570 - Palace built.

1626 - Hoppenlaufriedhof (cemetery) in use.

1686 - Gymnasium illustre (school) established.

1769 - Castle Solitude built outside city.

1775 - Karlsschule relocates to Stuttgart.

1795 - Population: 19,510.

19th century

1803 - City becomes capital of the Electorate of Württemberg.

1807 - New Palace built.

1808 - Schloss-Garten laid out in Neckar-Strasse.

1810 - Royal Library founded by Frederick I of Württemberg.

1820 - Willibald Feuerlein becomes mayor.

1824 - Stuttgarter Liederkranz (singing society) founded.

1826 - Natural history museum opens.

1827 - Katharinenhospital Stuttgart built.

1829 - University of Stuttgart founded.

1832 - Winterschule für Bauhandwerker (trade school) founded.

1833 - Georg Gottlob von Gutbrod becomes mayor.

1839 - Schiller memorial erected in Schillerplatz.

1840 - Wilhelm Palais built.

1841

Schlossplatz column erected.

Hospitalkirche restored.

Population: 42,217.

1842 - Olgahospital founded.

1843 - Staatsgalerie Stuttgart (art museum) opens.

1846

Railway station opens.

Wilhelma garden established.

1848 - Stuttgart-Heilbronn railway begins operating.

1849 - Rump parliament held.

1857

Stuttgart Music School founded.

Hotel Marquardt in business.

Ploucquet's Museum opens.

1860

Königsbau constructed on the Schlossplatz.

Population: 61,314.

1861 - Stuttgart Synagogue built.

1862 - Heinrich von Sick becomes mayor.

1864 - Kultur- und Kongresszentrum Liederhalle (concert hall) built.

1865 - Polytechnic School built in Stadtgarten-Platz.

1869 - Württemberg State Museum founded.

1870 - Architectural school built.

1871

City becomes part of the German Empire.

Tiergarten Nill zoo in business.

1872

Black Forest Railway (Württemberg) in operation.

Theophil Friedrich von Hack becomes mayor.

Stuttgarter Hofbräu brewery in business.

1873 - Pragfriedhof (cemetery) established.

1875

Martin's "Museum of the Primeval World" opens.

Marienkirche built.

1876 - Johanneskirche built.

1880

Wilhelma park opens to the public.

Law Courts built.

Population: 117,303.

1881 - Breuninger retailer in business.

Gewerbehalle built in Kriegsberg-Strasse.

1888 - Dinkelacker brewery in business.

1889 - Stuttgart Swimming Baths built.

1890 - Population: 139,817.

1892 - Socialist women's newspaper Die Gleichheit in publication in Stuttgart.

1893 - Emil von Rümelin becomes mayor.

1894 - Hotel Victoria (Stuttgart) in business.

1895 - Kriegsberg Tower, Landesgewerbe-Museum (industrial museum), and Königin-Olga-Bau constructed.

1899 - Heinrich von Gauss becomes mayor.

1900s-1945

1900

German Peace Society headquartered in city.

Friedrichsbau theatre opens.

Stuttgarter Hymnus-Chorknaben (boys' choir) founded.

Population: 176,699.

1901 - City public library established.

1903 - Solituderennen motorsport events begin.

1905 - Cannstatt and Untertürkheim become part of city.

1907 - International Socialist Congress held in Stuttgart.

1908

Degerloch becomes part of city.

Calvary barracks built.

1910

Markthalle Stuttgart built.

Population: 286,218.

1911

Linden Museum established.

Karl Lautenschlager becomes mayor.

1912

Verein für Bewegungsspiele Stuttgart (football club) formed.

Königliche Hoftheater and Stuttgart-Degerloch water tower built.

1913 - Waldfriedhof Stuttgart (cemetery) established.

1915 - Böblingen Airport begins operating.

1916 - Stuttgart Open tennis tournament begins.

1918

City becomes capital of Free People's State of Württemberg.

Schlossplatz opens to the public.

1919 - Population: 309,197.

1922

Botnang becomes part of city.

Stuttgart Central Station rebuilt.

Stuttgart Observatory active.

1924 - Stuttgarter Philharmoniker (orchestra) formed.

1927

Weissenhof Estate built.

Flandern military training ground active.

1928 - Tagblatt-Turm and Schocken Department Store built.

1931

Rotenberg and Zuffenhausen become part of city.

Ferdinand Porsche in business.

1933

Feuerbach and Weilimdorf become part of city.

Karl Strölin becomes mayor.

Adolf-Hitler-Kampfbahn (stadium) built.

1935 - Max-Eyth-See (artificial lake) created.

1937 - Kurmärker Kaserne (military barracks) built.

1938

Helenen Kaserne (military barracks) established.

Coat of arms of Stuttgart redesign adopted.

1939

Stuttgart Airport built.

Horticultural exhibition held in Killesbergpark.

Deportation of Jews begins.

1940

Robert-Bosch-Hospital opens.

August 25: Aerial bombing by Allied forces begins.

1942

Plieningen and Stammheim (Stuttgart) become part of city.

November 22: Aerial bombing.

1943

March 11: Aerial bombing.

April 15: Aerial bombing.

September 6: Aerial bombing.

October 8: Aerial bombing.

November 26: Aerial bombing.

1944

February 21: Aerial bombing.

March 2: Aerial bombing.

March 15: Aerial bombing.

July: Aerial bombing.

September: Aerial bombing.

October 19: Aerial bombing.

November 5: Aerial bombing.

December 9: Aerial bombing.

1945

January 28: Aerial bombing.

April 21: Allied ground forces take city; military occupation begins.

December 5: United States Army occupies Kelley Barracks.

Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra and Volkstheater founded.

Arnulf Klett becomes mayor.

1946-1990s

1946 - Südfunk-Chor Stuttgart (choir) formed.

1947 - Alte Staatsgalerie rebuilt.

1948 - Bölkow aircraft manufactory in business.

1952 - City becomes part of newly formed state of Baden-Württemberg.

1953 - Landesarboretum Baden-Württemberg established.

1954

Bodensee-Wasserversorgung (water supply organization) founded.

State Museum of Natural History exhibits open in Rosenstein Castle.

1956 - Fernsehturm Stuttgart commissioned.

1957 - Birkenkopf enlarged.

1961 - City hosts Bundesgartenschau (national horticulture biennial).

1964

Stammheim Prison commissioned.

New Palace reconstructed.

1965

Wilhelm Palais reconstructed.

Railway Vehicle Preservation Company founded.

1966 - Funkturm Stuttgart and Versatel building constructed.

1967 - United States European Command headquarters relocates to Stuttgart.

1969 - Old Castle renovated.

1970 - Württembergische Landesbibliothek (state library) building opens.

1971 - Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group in business.

1972 - Hannibal housing development and Fernmeldeturm constructed.

1973 - Stuttgart (region) (Regierungsbezirk) established.

1974 - Manfred Rommel becomes mayor.

1975

Trial of Red Army Faction members held in Stammheim Prison.

Stuttgart-Möhringen directional radio tower built.

1976

Porsche Museum opens.

Kickers-Stadium renovated.

1978

Stuttgart S-Bahn begins operating.

Künstlerhaus Stuttgart founded.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart active.

1981 - Internationale Bachakademie Stuttgart founded.

1982 - Trickfilmfestival Stuttgart begins.

1983 - Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle built.

1984

Neue Staatsgalerie (art museum) opens.

Theaterhaus Stuttgart founded.

1987 - Sparkassen Cup track and field competition begins.

1988

Schwanenbrau Cup cycling race begins.

May: 1988 European Cup Final held.

1994 - Stuttgart Region (metropolitan area) and Regionalversammlung des Verbands Region Stuttgart (regional governance entity) established.

1997 - Wolfgang Schuster becomes mayor.

21st century

2000 - Observation tower built in Killesbergpark.

2005 - Kunstmuseum Stuttgart opens.

2006 - Mercedes-Benz Museum opens.

2007

Messe Stuttgart (exhibition centre) built.

United States Africa Command headquartered in Stuttgart.

2011 - Population: 613,392.

2013 - Fritz Kuhn becomes mayor.