Timeline of Khartoum

19th century

1821 - Settlement established by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt.

1824 - "Turko-Egyptian governor Uthman Bey establishes Khartoum as a military centre."

1826 - Ali Khurshid Pasha in power.

1829 - Mosque built.

1830 - Town becomes capital of "the Sudanese possessions of Egypt."

1838 - Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.

1840 - Flood.

1841 - Flood.

1854 - Muhammad Sa'id Pasha in power.

1856 - Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.

1862 - Chamber of Commerce established.

1866 - Consulates of Austria, France, Italy, Persia, and Tuscany established.

1869 - Flood.

1874 - Flood.

1878 - Flood.

1884 - 13 March: Siege of Khartoum begins.

1885

26 January: Mahdists in power.

Capital relocated to Omdurman from Khartoum.

1898

2 September: Conflict between Mahdist and British forces.

Seat of government relocates to Khartoum from Omdurman.

1899

Town becomes capital of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.

Railway begins operating (Wadi Halfa-Khartoum).

Sudan Gazette (government newspaper) begins publication.

20th century

1902

Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories and Coptic Girls School open.

Population: 25,000.

1903 - Gordon Memorial College opens.

1905 - Military academy opens.

1909 - Blue Nile Road and Railway Bridge built to Halfaya.

1911 - Sudan Herald begins publication.

1912 - Cathedral Church of All Saints consecrated.

1913 - Famine.

1924

Demonstrations.

Flood.

Kitchener School of Medicine established.

1926 - White Nile Bridge to Omdurman built.

1928 - Unity High School for Girls founded.

1946 - Flood.

1950 - Al Khartoum Sports Club formed.

1952 - Acropole Hotel in business.

1954 - Population: 100,000 (approximate).

1955 - Area of city: 7.9 square kilometers.

1956

1 January: City becomes capital of independent Republic of Sudan.

University of Khartoum established.

1957

Municipal Stadium opens.

Khartoum American School established.

1960 - Bank of Sudan headquartered in Khartoum.

1962 - Industrial Bank of Sudan opens.

1965 - Population: 173,500.

1967 - August: Arab League summit held.

1970

Area of city: 13.3 square kilometers.

Bank of Khartoum established.

1971 - National Museum of Sudan established.

1973

August: Anti-government unrest.

Saudi embassy held by Palestinian militants.

Population: 334,000.

1974 - Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Khartoum formed.

1976 - Friendship Hall built.

1977 - Oil pipeline to Port Sudan completed.

1978 - July - Organisation of African Unity summit held.

1980 - Area of city: 101.3 square kilometers.

1983

September: Islamic law in effect.

University of Juba relocates to Khartoum (approximate date).

1984

March: Teacher/doctor strike begins.

El-Sheikh Mosque built.

1985

March: Economic protest.

Population: 1,611,000 (urban agglomeration).

1988 - Flood.

1990 - Population: 2,360,000 (urban agglomeration).

1991

City becomes part of Khartoum federal state (administrative region).

Popular Arab and Islamic Congress held in city.

1992 - Khartoum International Airport terminal opens.

1993

Khartoum Bank Group formed.

Sudatel headquartered in Khartoum.

1994 - Venezuelan criminal Carlos the Jackal arrested in Khartoum.

1995

Khartoum Stock Exchange begins trading.

Population: 3,088,000 (urban agglomeration).

1997 - Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company incorporated.

1998

August: Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory in Khartoum North bombed by U.S. forces.

Area of city: 343.8 square kilometers.

1999

Ibrahim Malik Islamic Center built.

Republican Palace Museum opens.

Greater Nile Oil Pipeline in operation.

2000s

2000

Khartoum Monitor newspaper begins publication.

Population: 3,505,000 (urban agglomeration).

2005

July: Demonstrations.

Citizen (Juba) newspaper begins publication.

Population: 3,979,000 (urban agglomeration).

City designated an Arab Capital of Culture by Arab League/UNESCO.

2006

January: African Union summit held.

March: Arab League summit held.

2007 - Mac Nimir Bridge to Khartoum North built.

2008

10–12 May: City besieged by anti-government forces.

Population: 639,598.

2009 - Tuti Bridge opens.

2010s

2010 - Population: 4,516,000 (urban agglomeration).

2012

June: Economic protest.

October: al-Yarmook armament factory bombed.