Former type Public Products Broadcast television Defunct 1991 | Industry Broadcast television Founded 1979 Area served United States of America | |
Fate Acquired by Paramount Pictures in 1991 and became Paramount Stations Group Key people Timothy McDonald, chairman Headquarters Norfolk, Virginia, United States | ||
The TVX Broadcast Group was an American media company that owned a group of UHF television stations during the 1980s. Originally known as the Television Corporation, the company was headquartered in Norfolk, Virginia, and was founded by a group of Norfolk-area businessmen led by Timothy McDonald. TVX began with a start-up television station, WTVZ, in 1979. Despite the group's name, it never held any interest in WTVX in West Palm Beach, Florida.
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Origins
In the late 1970s, the Hampton Roads area (as the region around Norfolk is known) was unique in that it was one of the smallest markets to have four commercial television stations: NBC affiliate WAVY-TV, CBS station WTAR-TV, ABC affiliate WVEC-TV, and independent station WYAH-TV. The latter station, however, was owned by the Virginia Beach-based evangelist Pat Robertson's Christian Broadcasting Network, and ran a fairly conservative program schedule. The McDonald group secured a construction permit for Norfolk's vacant channel 33 in 1977, and signed it on two years later. WTVZ experienced early success, mostly through airing a moderate amount of programming that had been considered too objectionable for WYAH.
Based on the early success of WTVZ, TVX decided to expand outside of Hampton Roads. TVX's second station was WRLH-TV in Richmond, in February 1982. Ironically, CBN was going to build a station in the same area but donated it to a non-commercial religious group. As a result, WRLH was the only independent station in Richmond for its first few years of operation.
Expansion
TVX's first two acquisitions were in North Carolina: WJTM-TV (later WNRW and now WXLV-TV) in Winston-Salem in 1980, and WLFL-TV in Raleigh in 1985. WNOL-TV in New Orleans followed in 1985, and the construction permit for KMJD-TV in Pine Bluff, Arkansas was bought by TVX and signed-on as KJTM-TV (now KASN) in June 1986.
Along with buying stations, TVX was building them as well. The company launched WMKW-TV (now WLMT) in Memphis in April 1983, followed by WCAY-TV (now WUXP-TV) in Nashville in February 1984. KRRT (now KMYS) in Kerrville, Texas was signed-on in November 1985 as the San Antonio market's first English-language independent station. TVX's last station, WNYB-TV (now WNYO-TV) in Buffalo, debuted during 1987. All of these stations used the branding "Prime All The Time."
TVX sold WRLH-TV to the Times-Mirror Company in 1986. That same year, the new Fox Broadcasting Company approached TVX with an affiliation deal for the company's New Orleans station. TVX agreed, but only if Fox also took on TVX's other properties. Fox added one stipulation: if one of TVX's underperforming stations was sold, Fox could then pull its affiliation from that station.
Integrations
In February 1987, TVX acquired five stations from the Taft Broadcasting Company, which was in the middle of a corporate restructuring. Included were Fox affiliates WTAF-TV in Philadelphia and WCIX in Miami; and independent stations WDCA-TV in Washington, D.C., KTXA in Fort Worth, Texas, and KTXH in Houston. The purchase of the Taft stations, while transforming TVX's profile from small company into a large-market broadcaster, had a major negative impact: TVX acquired massive debt as well, resulting in the company selling many of their medium- and small-market outlets.
Between late 1987 and the end of 1989, TVX found new owners for eight stations, though most were to satisfy Federal Communications Commission requirements on group ownership. Notable sales were those of: WNOL-TV to Qwest Broadcasting, which was controlled by musician Quincy Jones; of WTVZ, TVX's first station, to Sullivan Broadcasting; and of WCIX, whose status as the company's only VHF outlet (on channel six) played a factor in TVX's reluctant sale of the station to CBS in 1988. Fox, on the other hand, exercised the clause in the 1986 group affiliation contract and pulled its programming from several former TVX stations as soon as the sales were finalized.
Despite having stripped itself down to a six-station group, made up mostly of profitable, highly-performing outlets, the sales of the smaller stations did not fully reduce TVX's debt load. In 1989, Tim McDonald sold a minority share (about 22 percent) of TVX to Paramount Pictures. In 1991 Paramount acquired the rest of TVX and bought the group under its corporate umbrella, rechristening the company as the Paramount Stations Group. In 1994, Viacom acquired the stations as part of its purchase of Paramount Pictures.
Former TVX-owned stations
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