Girish Mahajan (Editor)

TRPM

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TRPM is a family of transient receptor potential ion channels (the "M" stands for "melastatin"). Functional TRPM channels are believed to form tetramers. The TRPM family consists of eight different channels, TRPM1–TRPM8.

Contents

Unlike the TRPC and TRPV sub-families, TRPM subunits do not contain N-terminal ankyrin repeat motifs but, rather, contain entire functional proteins in their C-termini. TRPM6 and TRPM7, for example, contain functional α-kinase segments, which are a type of serine/threonine-specific protein kinase.

Permeability and activation

The relative permeability of calcium and magnesium varies widely among TRPM channels.

  • TRPM4 and TRPM5 are impermeable to calcium.
  • TRPM3, TRPM6 and TRPM7 are highly permeable to both calcium and magnesium.

    • The mechanism of activation also varies greatly among TRPM channels.

  • TRPM2 is activated by ADP-ribose Adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose and functions as a sensor of redox status in cells.
  • TRPM4 and TRPM5 are activated by intracellular calcium.
  • TRPM8, conversely, can be activated by low temperatures, menthol, eucalyptol and icilin.

    • Functions

    Among the functional responsibilities of the TRPM channels are:

  • regulation of calcium oscillations after T cell activation (TRPM4).
  • sensory transduction in taste cells (TRPM5).
  • cold sensation (TRPM8)
  • regulation of magnesium reabsorption in the kidneys and absorption in the intestines (TRPM6).
  • regulation of cell adhesion (TRPM7).

    • Genes

  • TRPM1, TRPM2, TRPM3, TRPM4, TRPM5, TRPM6, TRPM7, TRPM8

    • References

    TRPM Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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