Aliases TMTC4 Human Mouse Ensembl ENSG00000125247 | Species Human Entrez 84899 | |
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External IDs MGI: 1921050 HomoloGene: 32796 GeneCards: TMTC4 | ||
Transmembrane and TPR repeat-containing protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMTC4 gene. It is located on chromosome 13 and has 23 exons. This particular gene has 4 isoforms, it's longest and most complete being isoform 1 (accession: NM_032813.3). Isoform 1 encodes a protein sequence of 760 amino acids. TMTC4 is a multi-pass membrane protein that is part of the TMTC gene family. It is also host to eight TPR (tetratricopeptide) repeats. Not much is known about this particular gene family, but a paralog of TMTC4, TMTC3, is thought to play a role in the ER stress response.
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Evolutionary History
There are four genes in the TMTC gene family, and TMTC4 has four splice isoforms. TMTC1 and TMTC3 split from TMTC4 about 1200 million years ago, while TMTC2 split from TMTC4 around 1400 million years ago. Both of these events happened somewhere between invertebrates and plants.
Orthologs
The human gene TMTC4 has orthologs in a variety of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates, and plants. It is not present in bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Below is a table of some of these orthologs, sorted by order and percent identity.
Paralogs
There are four genes in the TMTC gene family, meaning that TMTC4 has three paralogs: TMTC1, TMTC2, and TMTC3. These paralogs are compared by identity in below. TMTC4 is related by not very similar to its paralogs, the percent identities only ranging from 31 to 36 percent similar. TMTC1 and TMTC3 are more closely related to TMTC4 than TMTC2 is to TMTC4.