Founded CE Architectural styles Platform mounds, plaza Archaeologist Clarence Bloomfield Moore | Cultures Mississippian culture Region Hardin County, Tennessee | |
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Location Saltillo, Tennessee, Hardin County, Tennessee, USA Archaeologists Clarence Bloomfield Moore | ||
The Swallow Bluff Island Mounds (40HR16) is a Mississippian culture archaeological site located near Saltillo on an island in the Tennessee River in Hardin County, Tennessee.
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Site
The Swallow Bluff Island Mound Site is the northernmost outpost of the Mississippian culture Shiloh polity, a group of communities centered on the much larger Shiloh or Savannah Mound Sites. The site featured two platform mounds, a plaza and a village area. When Clarence Bloomfield Moore visited the site in 1914 he recorded the larger mounds dimensions as a square 130 feet (40 m) base, 50 feet (15 m) diameter top platform area and as being 18 feet (5.5 m) in height. Excavations in 2003 revealed the mound had been built up in four different construction stages. Moore also described the mound as being very close to the river, although he did not record how close. By the late twentieth century the river had encroached onto the mound and by the early 2000s a significant amount of it had been eroded away.
Excavations
In his 1914 visit C. B. Moore dug into the main mound looking for pottery and other artifacts. He found over twenty stone box graves at the summit of the mound. After his visit the site would go without notice again, except by locals and looters, for almost seventy years. In the early 1980s archaeologist Gerald Smith visited the site to investigate suspected pot looters holes, although they may actually been the remnants of Moore's "excavations". After a disastrous flood in 2003, archaeological surveys and excavations were undertaken to learn as much about the mound as possible before it was completely claimed by the river.