Years of service 1917-1956 Rank Major General | Name Robert McClure | |
 | ||
Born March 4, 1897
Mattoon, Illinois ( 1897-03-04 ) Allegiance United States of America Battles/wars World War I
World War II
Cold War Awards Distinguished Service Medal (2)
Legion of Merit (2)
Bronze Star Medal Died January 1, 1957, Fort Huachuca, Arizona, United States Education Kentucky Military Institute Unit John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School Battles and wars World War I, World War II, Cold War | ||
Service/branch United States Army | ||
Robert Alexis McClure (March 4, 1897 – January 1, 1957) was an American general and psychological warfare specialist, who is considered as a Father of U.S. Army Special Warfare.
Contents
Biography
Born in Mattoon, Illinois, he graduated from the Kentucky Military Institute in 1915. He initially joined the Philippine Constabulary before joining the regular army in 1917.
In 1941 he served as military attaché to the American Embassy in London before being appointed by general Dwight D. Eisenhower to chief of intelligence for the European theater of operation in 1942. Eisenhower next placed him in charge of the Allied Forces Information and Censorship Section which was responsible for the operation of twelve radio stations as well as the censorship of troop mails and cables.
McClure was appointed director of the newly created Psychological Warfare Division of SHAEF in 1944. With the end of the war in Europe he was responsible for the Information Control Division which controlled broadcasting and newspapers in Germany during the early stage of the occupation.
After the invasion of Korea in 1950, beginning the Korean War, the Office of the Chief of Psychological Warfare was formed in Washington, D.C., headed by McClure. During his tenure, the Psychological Warfare Center was established at Fort Bragg, North Carolina which centralized the newly formed Psychological Warfare School and 10th Special Forces Group at a single location.
In 1952, McClure was assigned to Iran as chief of three U.S. Military Missions, where he played a role in the 1953 d'état and formed a close relationship with the Shah.
He retired from the Army in 1957 and died of a heart attack soon after at Fort Huachuca, Arizona.
Decorations
During his 39 years of the military career, Major General McClure received a number of military awards, including some foreign decorations.
Here is his ribbon bar: