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Principal part

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In mathematics, the principal part has several independent meanings, but usually refers to the negative-power portion of the Laurent series of a function.

Contents

Laurent series definition

The principal part at z = a of a function

f ( z ) = k = a k ( z a ) k

is the portion of the Laurent series consisting of terms with negative degree. That is,

k = 1 a k ( z a ) k

is the principal part of f at a . f ( z ) has an essential singularity at a , if and only if the principal part is an infinite sum.

Calculus

Consider the difference between the function differential and the actual increment:

Δ y Δ x = f ( x ) + ε Δ y = f ( x ) Δ x + ε Δ x = d y + ε Δ x

The differential dy is sometimes called the principal (linear) part of the function increment Δy.

Distribution theory

The term principal part is also used for certain kinds of distributions having a singular support at a single point.

References

Principal part Wikipedia


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