Between 1905 and 1945, the Japanese Empire administered the southern half of Sakhalin, using the name Karafuto (樺太). The area was designated a chō, the same term given to Hokkaidō at the time. It is commonly referred to as Karafuto Prefecture in English. The prefecture was divided into 4 subprefectures (shichō), which in turn were subdivided into 11 districts, in turn divided into 41 municipalities (1 city, 13 towns, and 27 villages)
Prefectural capital: Toyohara
Notes
The data is as of 1945.
Some municipalities had multiple possible readings. 敷香, for instance, was read Shikuka, Shisuka, or Shikika, depending on sources.
All Kanji names are in Shinjitai, a modern form which was not used when the prefecture existed.
The list shows the current Russian names in parenthesis. However, Russian divisions do not match with Japanese divisions. These names just roughly overlap with central towns.
Subprefectural capital: Toyohara
Ōtomari District, alternatively Ōdomari 大泊郡
Chitose Village 千歳村 (Tret'ya Pad)
Fukami Village 深海村 (Prigorodnoye)
Nagahama Village 長浜村 (Ozyorskoye)
Ōtomari Town, alternatively Ōdomari 大泊町 (Korsakov)
Shiretoko Village 知床村 (Novikovo)
Tōbuchi Village 遠淵村 (Murav'yovo)
Tomuna Village 富内村 (Okhotskoye)
Rūtaka District, alternatively Rutaka 留多加郡
Notoro Village 能登呂村 (Kirillovo)
Rūtaka Town, alternatively Rutaka 留多加町 (Aniva)
Sango Village 三郷村 (Taranay)
Toyohara City 豊原市 (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
Toyosakae District 豊栄郡 (Vysokoye)
Kawakami Village 川上村 (Sinegorsk)
Ochiai Town 落合町 (Dolinsk)
Sakaehama Village 栄浜村 (Starodubskoye)
Shiranui Village 白縫村 (Vzmorye)
Toyokita Village 豊北村 (Lugovoye)
Subprefectural capital: Maoka
Honto District 本斗郡
Honto Town 本斗町 (Nevelsk)
Kaiba Village 海馬村 (Moneron Island)
Kōni Village 好仁村 (Shebunino)
Naihoro Town 内幌町 (Gornozavodsk)
Maoka District 真岡郡
Hirochi Village 広地村 (Pravda)
Konotoro Village 小能登呂 (Kostromskoye)
Maoka Town 真岡町 (Kholmsk)
Noda Town 野田町 (Chekhovo)
Randomari Village 蘭泊村 (Yablochny)
Shimizu Village 清水村 (Chaplakovo)
Tomarioru District 泊居郡
Kushunnai Village 久春内村 (Ilyinsky)
Nayori Village 名寄村 (Penzenskoye)
Tomarioru Town 泊居町 (Tomari)
Subprefectural capital: Esutoru
Esutoru District 恵須取郡
Chinnai Town 珍内町 (Krasnogorsk)
Esutoru Town 恵須取町 (Uglegorsk)
Tōro Town 塔路町 (Shakhtyorsk)
Ushiro Village 鵜城村 (Orlovo)
Nayoshi District 名好郡
Nayoshi Town 名好町 (Lesogorsk)
Nishisakutan Village 西柵丹村 (Boshnyakovo)
Subprefectural capital: Shikuka
Motodomari District, alternatively Mototomari 元泊郡
Hoyori Village 帆寄村 (Pugachevo)
Motodomari Village, alternatively Mototomari 元泊村 (Vostochny)
Shirutoru Town, alternatively Shiritori 知取町 (Makarov)
Shikuka District, alternatively Shisuka or Shikika 敷香郡
Chirie Village 散江村 (Kotikovo)
Nairo Village 内路村 (Gastello)
Shikuka Town, alternatively Shisuka or Shikika 敷香町 (Poronaysk)
Tomarikishi Village 泊岸村 (Vakhrushev)
