Phalangiotarbi (Haase, 1890) is an extinct arachnid order first recorded from the Early Devonian of Germany and most widespread in the Upper Carboniferous coal measures of Europe and North America. The last species are known from the early Permian Rotliegendof Germany.
The affinities of phalangiotarbids are obscure, with most authors favouring affinities with Opiliones (harvestmen) and/or Acari (mites and ticks). Phalangiotarbida has been recently (2004) proposed to be sister group to (Palpigradi+Tetrapulmonata): the taxon Megoperculata sensu Shultz (1990).
Nemastomoides depressus, described as a harvestman in the family Nemastomoididae, is actually a poorly preserved phalangiotarbid.
The order is also called Phalangiotarbida, the ending -ida originated when Petrunkevitch (1955) tried to standardize the endings of the arachnid orders, which is unnecessary and unwarranted according to the ICZN. Nevertheless, Phalangiotarbida has become the more widespread usage in the recent literature.
Architarbi Petrunkevitch, 1945 is a synonym.
Family Anthracotarbidae Kjellesvig-Waering, 1969
Genus Anthracotarbus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1969
Species Anthracotarbus hintoni Kjellesvig-Waering, 1969
Family Architarbidae Karsch, 1882
Genus Architarbus Scudder, 1868
Species Architarbus hoffmanni Guthörl, 1934 (Jr synonyms Opiliotarbus kliveri Waterlot, 1934; Goniotarbus sarana Guthörl, 1965)
Species Architarbus minor Petrunkevitch, 1913
Species Architarbus rotundatus Scudder, 1868
Genus Bornatarbus Rößler & Schneider, 1997
Species Bornatarbus mayasii Haupt in Nindel, 1955
Genus Devonotarbus Poschmann, Anderson & Dunlop, 2005
Species Devonotarbus hombachensis Poschmann, Anderson & Dunlop, 2005
Genus Discotarbus Petrunkevitch, 1913
Species Discotarbus deplanatus Petrunkevitch, 1913
Genus Geratarbus Scudder, 1890
Species Geratarbus lacoei Scudder, 1890
Species Geratarbus bohemicus Petrunkevitch, 1953
Genus Goniotarbus Petrunkevitch, 1953
Species Goniotarbus angulatus Pocock, 1911
Species Goniotarbus tuberculatus Pocock, 1911
Genus Hadrachne Melander, 1903
Species Hadrachne horribilis Melander, 1903
Genus Leptotarbus Petrunkevitch, 1945
Species Leptotarbus torpedo Pocock, 1911
Genus Mesotarbus Petrunkevitch, 1949
Species Mesotarbus angustus Pocock, 1911
Species Mesotarbus eggintoni Pocock, 1911
Species Mesotarbus hindi Pocock, 1911
Species Mesotarbus intermedius Petrunkevitch, 1949
Species Mesotarbus peteri Dunlop & Horrocks, 1997
Genus Metatarbus Petrunkevitch, 1913
Species Metatarbus triangularus Petrunkevitch, 1913
Genus Ootarbus Petrunkevitch, 1945
Species Ootarbus pulcher Petrunkevitch, 1945
Species Ootarbus ovatus Petrunkevitch, 1945
Genus OrthotarbusPetrunkevitch, 1945
Species Orthotarbus minutus Petrunkevitch, 1913
Species Orthotarbus robustus Petrunkevitch, 1945
Species Orthotarbus nyranensis Petrunkevitch, 1953
Genus Paratarbus Petrunkevitch, 1945
Species Paratarbus carbonarius Petrunkevitch, 1945
Genus Phalangiotarbus Haase, 1890
Species Phalangiotarbus subovalis Woodward, 1872
Genus Pycnotarbus Darber, 1990
Species Pycnotarbus verrucosus Darber, 1990
Genus Triangulotarbus Patrick, 1989
Species Triangulotarbus terrehautensis Patrick, 1989
Family Heterotarbidae Petrunkevitch, 1913
Genus Heterotarbus Petrunkevitch, 1913
Species Heterotarbus ovatus Petrunkevitch, 1913
Family Opiliotarbidae Petrunkevitch, 1949
Genus Opiliotarbus Pocock, 1910
Species Opiliotarbus elongatus Scudder, 1890
nomina dubia
Eotarbus litoralis Kušta, 1888
Nemastomoides depressus Petrunkevitch, 1913
