Palaeonisciformes

Updated on Nov 22, 2023

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Kingdom Animalia Infraphylum Gnathostomata Phylum Chordata Subclass Chondrostei		Subphylum Vertebrata Superclass Osteichthyes Rank Order

Similar Palaeoniscidae, Chondrostei, Palaeoniscum, Perleidiformes, Holostei

The Palaeonisciformes are an extinct order of early ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) which began in the Late Silurian and ended in the Late Cretaceous. The name of the order is derived from the Greek words paleo (ancient) and ὀνίσκος (oniskos or woodlouse), probably pertaining to the organization of the fishes' scales, similar to the exoskeletal plating of woodlice.

Classification

It is not a natural group, but is instead a paraphyletic assemblage of the early members of several ray-finned fish lineages. It has traditionally encompassed most Paleozoic actinopterygians, except those that exhibit strange body forms (such as the deep-bodied Platysomoidea, or those assigned definitively to any of the living groups of ray-finned fishes.

Palaeonisciformes Palaeonisciformes Wikipedia

Andreolepis hedei has proven so far to be the earliest-known actinopterygiian, living around 420 million years ago (Late Silurian in Russia, Sweden, Estonia, and Latvia. Actinopterygians underwent an extensive diversification during the Carboniferous, after the end-Devonian Hangenberg extinction.

Taxonomy

Palaeonisciformes httpsuploadwikimediaorgwikipediacommonsthu

Order †Palaeonisciformes Hay 1902 sensu stricto [Palaeoniscida Moy-Thomas & Miles 1971]

Family †Palaeoniscidae Vogt 1852

Genera ?†Agecephalichthys Wade 1935

Species †Agecephalichthys granulatus Wade 1935

Genera ?†Cryphaeiolepis Traquair 1881

Species †Cryphaeiolepis scutata Traquair 1881

Genera ?†Cteniolepidotrichia Poplin & Su 1992

Species †Cteniolepidotrichia turfanensis Poplin & Su 1992

Genera ?†Duwaichthys Liu et al. 1990

Species †Duwaichthys mirabilis Liu et al. 1990

Genera ?†Ferganiscus Sytchevskaya & Yakolev 1999

Species †Ferganiscus osteolepis Sytchevskaya & Yakolev 1999

Genera ?†Shuniscus Su 1983

Species †Shuniscus longianalis Su 1983

Genera ?†Suchonichthys Minich 2001

Species †Suchonichthys molini Minich 2001

Genera ?†Trachelacanthus Fischer De Waldheim 1850

Species †Trachelacanthus stschurovskii Fischer De Waldheim 1850

Genera ?†Triassodus Su 1984

Species †Triassodus yanchangensis Su 1984

Genera ?†Turfania Liu & Martínez 1973

Species †T. taoshuyuanensis Liu & Martínez 1973

Species †T. varta Wang 1979

Genera ?†Turgoniscus Jakovlev 1968

Species †Turgoniscus reissi Jakovlev 1968

Genera ?†Xingshikous Liu 1988

Species †Xingshikous xishanensis Liu 1988

Genera ?†Yaomoshania Poplin et al. 1991

Species †Yaomoshania minutosquama Poplin et al. 1991

Genera †Gyrolepis Agassiz 1833 non Kade 1858

Species †G. albertii Agassiz 1833

Species †G. gigantea Agassiz 1833

Species †G. maxima Agassiz 1833

Species †G. quenstedti Dames 1888

Species †G. tenuistriata Agassiz 1833

Genera †Gyrolepidoides Cabrera 1944

Species †G. creyanus Schaeffer 1955

Species †G. cuyanus Cabrera 1944

Species †G. multistriatus Rusconi 1948

Genera †Palaeothrissum Blainville 1818

Species †P. elegans Sedgwick 1829

Species †P. macrocephalum de Blainville 1818

Species †P. magnum de Blainville 1818

Genera †Westollia White & MoyThomas 1940 [Lepidopterus Pohlig 1892 non Agassiz 1846]

Genera †Palaeoniscum de Blainville 1818 [Palaeoniscus Agassiz 1833 non Von Meyer 1858; Palaeoniscas Rzchak 1881; Eupalaeoniscus Rzchak 1881; Palaeomyzon Weigelt 1930; Geomichthys Sauvage 1888]

Species †P. angustum (Rzehak 1881) [Palaeoniscas angustus Rzehak 1881]

Species †P. antipodeum (Egerton 1864) [Palaeoniscus antipodeus Egerton 1864]

Species †P. antiquum Williams 1886

Species †P. arenaceum Berger 1832

Species †P. capense (Bloom 1913) [Palaeoniscus capensis Bloom 1913]

Species †P. comtum (Agassiz 1833) [Palaeoniscus comtus Agassiz 1833]

Species †P. daedalium Yankevich & Minich 1998

Species †P. devonicum Clarke 1885

Species †P. elegans (Sedgwick 1829) [Palaeoniscus elegans Sedgwick 1829]

Species †P. freieslebeni Blainville 1818 [Eupalaeoniscus freieslebeni (de Brainville 1818); Palaeoniscus freieslebeni (de Brainville 1818)]

Species †P. hassiae (Jaekel 1898) [Galeocerdo contortus hassiae Jaekel 1898; Palaeomyzon hassiae (Jaekel 1898)]

Species †P. kasanense Geinitz & Vetter 1880

Species †P. katholitzkianum (Rzehak 1881) [Palaeoniscas katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881]

Species †P. landrioti (le Sauvage 1890) [Palaeoniscus landrioti le Sauvage 1890]

Species †P. longissimum (Agassiz 1833) [Palaeoniscus longissimus Agassiz 1833]

Species †P. macrophthalmum (McCoy 1855) [Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus McCoy 1855]

Species †P. magnum (Woodward 1937) [Palaeoniscus magnus Woodward 1937]

Species †P. moravicum (Rzehak 1881) [Palaeoniscas moravicus Rzehak 1881]

Species †P. promtu (Rzehak 1881) [Palaeoniscas promtus Rzehak 1881]

Species †P. reticulatum Williams 1886

Species †P. scutigerum Newberry 1868

Species †P. vratislavensis (Agassiz 1833) [Palaeoniscus vratislavensis Agassiz 1833]

Incertae sedis

Families that at one time or another were placed in Palaeonisciformes:

Palaeonisciformes Palaeonisciformes Lexikon der Biologie Spektrum der Wissenschaft

†Acropholidae Kazantseva-Selezneva 1977

†Atherstoniidae Gardiner 1969

†Brazilichthyidae Cox & Hutchinson 1991

†Centrolepididae Gardier 1960

†Coccolepididae Berg 1940 corrig.

†Commentryidae Gardiner 1963

†Cryphiolepididae MoyThomas 1939 corrig.

†Dwykiidae Gardiner 1969

†Holuridae Moy-Thomas 1939

†Igornichthyidae Heyler 1977

†Irajapintoseidae Beltan 1978

†Monesedeiphidae Beltan 1989

†Rhabdolepididae Gardiner 1963

†Stegotrachelidae Gardiner 1963

†Thrissonotidae Berg 1955

†Tienshaniscidae Lu & Chen 2010

†Turseodontidae Bock 1959 corrig.

†Uighuroniscidae Jin 1996

†Urosthenidae Woodward 1931

Palaeonisciformes Palaeonisciformes Wikispecies

References

Palaeonisciformes Wikipedia

(Text) CC BY-SA

Contents

Classification

Taxonomy

Incertae sedis

References