Outline of life extension

Updated on Oct 07, 2024

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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to life extension:

Life extension – study of slowing down or reversing the processes of aging to extend both the maximum and average lifespan. Also known as anti-aging medicine, experimental gerontology, and biomedical gerontology.

Goals

Biological immortality

Indefinite lifespan

Longevity

Rejuvenation

Longevity

Centenarian

Supercentenarian

Longevity escape velocity

Available strategies

Anti-oxidants (biopreservatives)

Calorie restriction or intermittent fasting

Exercise

Geroprotector

Senolytics

Potential future strategies

Cryonics

Genetic therapies

Cloning and body part replacement

Cell replacement therapies (CRT)

SENS (Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence)

Mind uploading

Suspended animation

Immunisation

Aging

Evolution of ageing

Gerontology

Hallmarks of aging

Altered intercellular communication

Cellular senescence

Deregulated nutrient sensing

Epigenetic alterations

Genomic instability

Loss of proteostasis

Mitochondrial dysfunction

Stem cell exhaustion

Telomere attrition

Causes of aging

Cross-links

Crosslinking of DNA

Free radicals – atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired valence electrons. With some exceptions, these unpaired electrons make free radicals highly chemically reactive towards other substances, or even towards themselves: their molecules will often spontaneously dimerize or polymerize if they come in contact with each other. They are countered to some extent by antioxidants.

Glycation

Advanced glycation end-product

Lipofuscin

Viral infections (acute or chronic)

Theories of aging

Antagonistic pleiotropy theory of aging

Caloric restriction theory

Cross-linkage theory of aging

Death hormone theory

Disposable soma theory of aging

DNA damage theory of aging

Error catastrophe theory of aging

Errors and Repairs Theory

Free-radical theory of aging

Gene mutation theory

Genetic control theory

Glycation theory of aging

Hayflick limit theory

Inflammation theory of aging

Immunological theory of aging

Membrane theory of aging

Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging

Mitochondrial Theory of Aging

Mutation accumulation theory of aging

Neuroendocrine theory of aging

Order to disorder theory of aging

Rate of living theory

Redundant DNA theory

Reliability theory of aging and longevity

Reproductive-cell cycle theory

Somatic mutation theory of aging

Telomeric theory of aging

Theory of programmed death

Thermodynamic theory of aging

Thymic-stimulating theory

Waste accumulation theory

Organizations

Alcor Life Extension Foundation –

Alliance for Aging Research –

American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine –

American Aging Association –

Calico –

Cryonics Institute –

Life Extension Foundation –

Methuselah Foundation – non-profit organization dedicated to extending the healthy human lifespan by advancing tissue engineering and regenerative medicine therapies. It was co-founded in 2003 by Aubrey de Grey and David Gobel, and is based in Springfield, Virginia, United States.

SENS Research Foundation – 501(c)(3) non-profit organization co-founded by Michael Kope, Aubrey de Grey, Jeff Hall, Sarah Marr and Kevin Perrott, which is based in Mountain View, California, United States. Its activities include research programs and public relations work for the application of regenerative medicine to aging.